BRITISH STANDARD

BS EN 818-62000

Part 6: Chain slings - Specification for information for use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer

The European Standard EN 8186.2000 has the status of a British Standard

ICs 53.020.30

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Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety -

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National foreword
This British Standard is the officiai English language version of EN 818-6.2000.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee Wl,C h a h and f i t t i n g s , which has the responsibiii@to:

- aid enquirers to understand the text;

- present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the

interpretation,or proposais for change, and keep the UK interests informed

- monitor related international and European developments and promulgate
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them in the UK. A list of organizationsrepresented on t h i s committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.

been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 April 2000
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ISBN O 580 35183 1

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Cross-references
The British Standards which implement i n t e d o n a l or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled Intern&ona Standards Correspondence Index,or by using the Findfacility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British standards are responsible for their correct application.

National annex NA (informative)

In the UK, the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LLER) require that accessories for lifhng such as chain and chain siings, are thoroughly examined by a competent person at either 6 month intervals, or in accordance with a scheme of edamination d r a m up by a competent person.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
his document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 13 and a back cover.

The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was hst issued.

Amd. No.

Date

Comments

EUROPEAN SrANDARD
NORME EUROPENNE

EN 818-6
January Zoo0

E U R O P ! NORM

ICs 53.020.30

English version

Short link chain for lift;ing purposes - safety - Part 6: Cha,in slings - specdidon for infortnation for use and maintenance to be pmvided by the manufacturer

chaines de levage maillons courts - Scurit Partie 6 Elingues en chanes - Spu6don pour i'information sur l'utilisation et la maintenance q u i doit tre fourni par le fabricant

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 May 1999. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteraion. Upto-date l i s t s and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Centml Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language d e by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officiai versions. CEN membecs are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, F'inland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugai, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kmgdom.

rn
European Committee for Standarhtion Comit Europen de Normasation Europaischec Komitee fur Normung

Central Secretariat:rue de Stassart 36, E-1060 Brussels

O Zoo0 GEN Ali nghts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 81W.2000 E
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Kiuzgliednge Rundstahlketten fur Hebezwecke Sicherheit - Teil 6 Anschlagketten - Fesstlegungen zu hformaionen ber Gebmch und Instanhatung, die vom Hersteller zur Verfgung zu stellen sind

Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENRC 168, Chains, ropes, webbing, slings and accessories- Safety, the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, a t the latest by July 2000, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn a t the latest by July 2000. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free W e Association, and supports essentiai requirements of EU Directive@). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative h i s standard. annex ZA, which is an integral part of t According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finand, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Itaiy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The other parts of EN 818 are: -Part 1: General conditions o f acceptance; : Medium toerance chain for chain -Part 2 slings - Gmde 8; -Part 3: Medium t o a m e chain for chain slings - Gmde 4; -Part 4: Chain slings - Gmde 8; -Part 5: Chain slings - Grade 4; - Part 7: F i w toiemnce chain for hoists, Grade T (&pes I: DTand O m . Annexes A and B of this European Standard are for infomation oniy.

Contents
Foreword Introduction 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions
4

Hazards

13

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5 Safety requirements s s i s t Annex A (informaiive) Guidance to a the manufacturer to prepare documented information for the use and maintenance of chain siingS Annex B (informative) Bibliography Annex ZA (informatve) Rehiionship of this European Standard with EU Directives

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5 13

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STD=BSI BS EN 818-b-ENGL
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2000

l b 2 4 b b 9 0838479 420

Page 3 EN 81862o
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Introduction
This European Standad has been prepared to be a harmonized standard to provide one means of complying with the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA reguations. The extent to which the hazards are covered is indicated in the scope.

3 Rmns and definitions

For the purposes of this part of EN 818 the definitions given in EN 8181, EN 8184 and EN 8185 apply together with the foliowing.

3 . 1
inspection a visual check on the condition of the chain sling to identify obvious damage or deterioration which might affect its fitness for use

1 scope

This part of EN 818 specifies the information on use 3 . 2 and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer with chain slings conforming to EN 8184 and EN 8185. thorough examination NOTE Certain clauses are relevant to component parts of chains avisual examinati on carried out by a competent and accessories conforming to EN 8182, EN 8183 and EN 1677. person, and where necessary, supplemented by other Annex A is informative, and provides some of the means, such as nondestructive testing, in order to detailed information for use and maintenance which detect damage or deterioration which might affect the may be appropriate. fibess for use of the chain shg h i s part of EN 818 are The hazards covered by t identified in clause 4.

4 Hazars

2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These n o d v e references are cited a t appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest eition of the publication referred to applies. EN 29&21991/A1:1995, Safety of muchinmy -Basic con~epts- G d M n C i p l e s [Link]:Technical principles and spe~fications Part 2 (Amendment 1:1995). EN 8181, Short link chainfor lifiing purposes Safety -Part 1: General conditions o f acceptance. EN 8182, Short link chain f o r lifting puqwses Safety - Part 2 :Medium tolemnce chain for chain dings - Gmde 8. EN 818-3, Short link chain f o r lifiing purposes Safety -Part 3: Medium toimance chain f o r chain slings - Gmde 4. EN 8184, Short link chain for lifiing purposes Safety -Part 4: chain slings - Grade 8. EN 818-5, Short link chain for lifiing purposes Safety -Part 5: Chain slings - Grade 4. EN 1050:1996, Safety of muchinmy- Prncpks o f risk assesmzent.

The release of a load due to failure of Wtmg accessories such as chah slings or their component parts puts at r i s k either directly or indirectly the safety or health of those persons within the danger zone of lifting equipment. This part of EN 818 lays down those aspects of safe use associated with good practice. Table 1 contains those hazards which require action to reduce risk identified by risk assessment as being specific or significant.

Table 1 - Hazards and associated requirements

Hazards identified in annex A of EN 1050:1996 Relevant clause of annex A of EN 292-2:199YA1:1995
Relevant clause/subclause of this part of EN 818

26

Insufcient instructions for the driver/operator

1 . 7 . 4 3&3b) 4 . 4 . 1

5 and mformative annexA 5 and informative annexA

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5S a f e t y requirements
6.1 General Documented information shall be provided by the manufacturer covering the subjects listed in 5.2 to 5.6. Informative annex A contains guidance to assist in the preparation of t h i s information.
6.2 Restriction on altering the finished condition on the chain sling Any restrictions on alteration of the following shall be given: a) heat bernent; b) galvanizing (see alsoA.[Link].1); cl plating; d) coating.

5.6 Instructions regarding correct use of the

6 . 3 Limitations on the use of the chain sling due to adverse environmental conditions or hazardous conditions Any limitations on the use of the chain siing due to the following shall be given: a) adverse environments (see also A. 1.1.2); b) hazardous conditions (see also A.1.1.3).
6.4 Actions to be taken before putting the chain sling into rst use Instructions shall be given regardmg the following (see also A.1.2.1): a) the need to ensure the availabiity of the manufacturer?scertificate; b) the need to enter full details of the chain sling in a record of lifting equipment; c) availability of instnictions for use of the chain shng and information about adequate tsaining of

chain sling Instnictions regardmg the following shall be provided a) determination of the m a s of the load, its centre of gravity, attachment points and the method of attachment; b) checkmg of the conformity of the method of lifting and mass of the load to the worlung load limit specified by the manufacturer for the worlung confi@on; c) attachment of chain shg to hook of lifting machine; d) attachment of chain sling to load. direct attachment, choke hitch, basket hitch, special components; e) protection of chain sling and load; f) controhg rotation of load, g) ensuring even balance of the load; h) correct use of shortening devices; i) avoidance of shock 1 0 j) ensuring safety of personnel; k) correct f i t t i n g of load bearing pins in components accordmg to the series of prEN 1677, if appropriatq 1) correct use of clamping forces; u l l number of legs; m) use of less than the f n) preparation of landing site; o) detachment of chain sling from load; p) correct storage of chain siuig.

s t a f f .

6.6 Periodic thorough examination and maintenance Information shall be given regarding the following: a) withdrawal criterkq b) repah, renewals, retesting, cerhfication; c) records of examhation and maintenance.

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Page 6 EN 8186-

Annex A (informative) Guidance to assist the manufacturer to prepare documented information for the use and maintenance of chain slings

For the same reasons, chain siuigs should not be galvanized or subjected to any plating processes without the approval of the manufacturer.

A.[Link].2 chain slings o f Grade4 C h a i n slings of Grade 4 may be used in acidic conditions. The following precautions should be A.l Use of chain slings adopted k l . 1 Chain sling selection a) the working load of such a chain sling should not A.l.1.1 GenmKtl be greater than 50 % of the worlung load limit; The relevant parts of EN 818 and EN 1677 dene b) the chain simg should be thoroughly washed in working load limit using the term General Lii%ng clean water immediately after use; Service. This reflects the fact that lifting accessories c) the chain sling should be given an inspection by a can be and are used in a wide variety of circumstances competent person each day before use. in t e m of configuration, types of load, methods of A.[Link] Conditions in which ULe chain sling i s aachment. Design considerations and w o r m load l M y to be subjected to attack (chemical, limit ratings are given in the relevant parts of EN 818 abrasive etc.) and EN 1677 take account of these circumstances. EN 818-4 and EN 8185 permit an a l t e d e method of The manufacturer of the chain siuig should be consulted, particularly if the chain sling is to be rating where a chain siing is to be used exclusively for exposed to highly concentrated chemicals combined a single specific lifbng application where all of the with high temperatures. circumstances of use are known. k1.1.2 Use in adverse environments A.[Link] High und low tempemture conditions Care should be taken to take account of the maximum temperaime which can be reached by the chah sling in service. This is difficult in practice but underesjmation of the temperature involved should be avoided. Table A l summarizes the necessary Vanation in WLL due to temperature. Chain sluigs of Grades 4 and 8 wiU not be adversely affected by temperatures down to -40 "C and no reduction &om the worlung load limit is therefore necessary on this account. Where chain slings are to be used a t temperatures below -40 O C , the manufacturer should be consulted. A.[Link] Acidic conditions A.[Link].1 Chain slings o f Gmde8 Chain siuigs of Grade 8 should not be used either immersed in acid solutions or exposed to acid fumes. Attention is drawn to the fact that certain production processes involve acidic solutions and fumes and in these circumstances the manufacturer's advice should be sought. A.1.1.3 Use in exceptionally hazardous conditions The rating of lifting accessories in European Standards assumes the absence of exceptionally hazardous conditions. Exceptionally hazardous conditions include offshore activities, the lifting of persons and iifhng of potentdly dangerous loads such as molten metals, corrosive materials or fissile materials. In such cases the degree of hazard should be assessed by a competent person and the worlung load limit a u s t e d accordingly.

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Grade
-40 < t 5 200

Working load expressed as a percentage of working load limit Temperature, t , "C 300<t5400 400 < t 5 475 200<t53

475

100

100

100 90

75 75

50 Not permissible

Not permissible

'1 The use of chain slings withui the permisible temperature ranges given in the table does not require any permanent reduction in working load limit when the chain is retuned to normal temperatures. If chain slings reach temperatures in excess of the maximum Dermissible temDeratures indicated in the table, they should be withdrawn from service and referred to the manufacturer.

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Page 6 E N 81862

A.1.2 Chain sling verifccation before first use an& in service A.1.2.1 Beforefirst use Before first use of the chain sling it should be ensured

that:
a) the c h a i n siing is precisely as ordered b) the manufacturer's certificate is to hand c) the identification and worlang load limit madung on the chain sling correspond to the information on the certificate; u l l details of the chain shg are recorded. d) f
A.1.2.2 Before euch use Before each use the chain shg should be inspected for obvious damage or deterioration (see A.2.1). If faults are found during this inspection, the procedure given in A.2.1 should be followed. A.1.3 Handling the load A.1.3.1 Prepamtion Attention should be given to any specific instructions provided for the handling of the load. Before starting the l i f t ,it should be ensured t h a t the load is free to move and is not bolted down or otherwise obstructed. A.1.3.2 Mass o f ule load It is essentiai that the mass of the load to be' lifted is known. If the mass is not m k e d the information should be obtained from the consignment notes, m a n u a l s , plans etc. If such information is not available the mass should be assessed by calculation. A..3.3 Centre o f gravity The position of the centre of gravity of the load should be established in relation to the possible points of attachment of the cham siuig. To lift the load without it tilting or topphg the following conditions should be met. a) For single leg and endless chain slings the amchment point should be vertically above the centre of gravity. b) For two leg chain shgs the attachment points should be either side of and above the centre of
c) For three and four leg chain slings the attachment points should be distributed in plan around the cenire of gravity. It is preferable that the distribution should be equai (but see A.1.3.6) and that the attachment points should be above the centre of gravity.
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When using two-, three and four-leg chain shgs the attachment points and chain simg configuration should be selected to achieve angles between the chah shng legs and the vertical within the range marked on the chain sling. Preferably all angles to the vertical (angle in Figure Al) should be equai (but see A.1.3.6). Angles to the vertical of less than 15" should be avoided if possible as they present a significantlygreater risk of load imbalance. AU multi-leg chain slings exert a horizontal component of force (see Figure Al) which increases as the angle between the chain siing legs is increased. Where hooks i t t i n g s are threaded on a loop of chain, or other f e.g. case chain slings and drum chain slings, the horizontal component of force is much greater and consequently the angle of such legs should not exceed 30" to the vertical. Care should always be taken to ensure that the load to be moved is able to resist the horizontal component of force without being damaged. The hook to which the cham sling is attached should be directly above the centre of gravity.

A.1.3.4 Method o f connection

A chah s h g is usually attached to the load and the lifhng machine by means of termjnal fittings such as hooks and l i n k s .Chains should be without t w i s t s or knots. The lifting point should be seated well down in a hook, never on the point or wedged in the opening; the hook should be free to incline in any direction so as to avoid bending. For the same reason, the master l i n k should be free to incline in any direction on the hook to which it is fitted. The chain may be passed under or through the load to form a choke hitch (see Figure A.2) or basket hitch (see Figure A.3). Where it is necessary, due to the danger of the load tting, to use more than one chah sling leg in a basket hitch, this should preferably be done in coqjunction with a lifting beam When a chain sling is used in a choke hitch, the cham should be allowed to assume its natural ange and should not be hammered down.

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STD-BSI BS EN 818-b-ENGL

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W Lb24bb9 0 8 3 8 4 8 3 9 5 1 E

EN 81862000

Page 7

1. Loading of leg

2. Horizontal component of force

3. Load 10 t
The hatched area indicates angles greater than 60" to the vertical at which chain slings should never be used.

Figure A . l -

Variation of chain sling leg loading with leg angle for a load of 10 t
Where choke hitch is employed the working load limit (WLL) of the chain sling should be no more titan 80 % of that marked. c) Basket hitch The chain sling is passed through or under the load as in b) but in this case the lower tennuials are connected directly to the master l i n k or to the hook of the lifting machine. Generally this method requires two or more chain sling legs and should not be used for lifting loads which are not held together. Where the load geometry permits, a single leg chain sling can be used provided that the chain sling passes through the load directly above the centre of gravity of the load. Examples of basket hitches are @venin Figure A.3. d) Wrap and choke OT wrap and basket hitch These methods are adaptations of b) and c), designed to provide extra security of loose bundles and involve talnng an extra loop of cham completely mound the load

Chain sling legs may be attached to the load in severai ways. a) Stmight leg In this case, lower terminals are connected directly to the attachment points. Selection of hooks and attachment points should be such that the load is carried in the seat of the hook and tip loading of the hook is avoided. in the case of multi-leg chain siuigS hook tips should point outwards unless the hooks are specifically designed to be used otherwise. b) Choke hitch In t h i s case, chain sling legs are passed through or under the load and the lower terminal back hooked or reeved onto the chain (see Figure A.2). This method can, therefore be used where no suitable attachment points are available and has the additional advantage that the chain sling legs tend to bind the load together.

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STD-BSI BS EN BLB-b-ENGL 2000

Page 8 EN 81W2000

L b 2 4 b b 9 0838484 898

Figure A.2 - Choke hitches

Figure A.3 - Basket hitches

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Page 9

if two or more chain shng legs are used in a choke hitch or a wrap and choke hitch care should be taken: a) if it is important to avoid imparting a torque to the load, to aign the chokes; or b) if it is important to avoid the load rollmg or moving laterally when first Wkd, to emure that (at least) one leg passes either side of the load. Packing may be required where a chain comes into contact with a load in order to protect either the chain or the load or both, since sharp corners of hard material may bend or damage the chain links or, conversely, the chain may damage the load because of high contact pressure. Packing, such as wooden blocks, may be used to prevent such damage. In order to prevent dangerous swaying of the load and to position it for loading, a tag line is recommended. When loads are accelerated or decelerated suddenly, high dynamic forces occur which increase the stresses in the chain. Such situations, which should be avoided, arise from snatch or shock loading e.g. from not taung up the slack chain before starting to lift or by the impact of arresting f a h g loads.

In the case of t w q three and four-ieg chain slings, if

the legs subtend diferent angles to the vertical the greatest tension will be in the leg with the smailest angle to the vertical. In the extreme case, if one leg is vertical, it wiil carry a l l the load (see Figure A5). If there is both a lack of symmetry in plan and unequal angles to the vertical the two effects will combine and may either be cumulative or tend to negate each other (see Figure A5). The loading can be assumed to be symmetric if ail of the following conitions are satisfied a) the load is less than 80% of marked WLL, and b) chain s h g leg angles to the vertical are all not less t h a n 15"; and c) chah sling leg angies to the vertical are ail within 15"to each other, and d) in the case of three- and four-leg chain slugs, the plan angles are w i t h 15"of each other. If a l l of the above parameters are not satisfied then the loading should be considered as asymmetric and the lift referred to a competent person to establish the safe rating for the chain s u . Alternatively, in the case of asymmetric loading, the chain slug should be rated a t h a l f the marked WLL (see Figure A5). If the load tends to tilt, it should be lowered and the attachments changed. This can be accomplished by repositioning the attachment points or by using compatible shortening devices in one or more of the legs. Such shortening devices should be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
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A . 1 . 3 . 5 Symmetry o fWing In EN 818-4 and prEN 8185 w o r m load l i m i t s are given for chains slings of Grades 8 and 4 in a range of sizes and for diferent configurations. These WLL

values have been determined on the basis that the loading of the chain sling is symmetrical. This means that when the load is lifted the chain shng legs are symmetricaliy disposed in plan and subtend the m e angies to the vertical (see Fgure A4). A.1.3.6 Safety o fl g t In the case of three leg chain slings,if the legs are not Hands and other parts of the body should be kept symmetrically disposed in plan the greatest tension will away from the chah to prevent injury as the slack is be in the leg where the sum of the plan angles to the taken up. When ready to lift, the slack should be taken ascent legs is greatest, The same effect wili occur in up u n t i l the chain is taut. The load should be raised 4 leg chain slings except that the rigidity of the load a check made that it is secure and slightly and should also be taken into account, with a rigid load the This is especially assumes the position intended. mqjorily of the mass may be taken by only three or important with basket or other loose hitches where even two legs with the remaining leg or legs serving fnction retains the load. Reference should also be only to balance the load (see Figure k5). made to IS0 12480-1 for planning and management of the l i f t i i operation and the adoption of safe systems of working.

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1. Centre of gravity 2. High tension i n this leg

3. Load P

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Figure A.4 - Multi-leg chain slings - Load distribution

1
Figure A.5 - Asymmetric loading

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A.1.3.7 Multi-legs chain slings with leSS Ulan thefuU number of legs in use As a general principle, chain shgs should be used oniy for the purpose for which they have been designed In practice, however, occasions may arise when a l i f t needs to be made using a d e r number of legs t h a n the number of legs in the chain shg. In such cases the WLL should be reduced from that marked on the chain sluig by applying the relevant factor given in Table k2. Legs that are not in use should be hooked back to reduce the risk of such legs swinging freely, or snagging when the load is moved.

If the chain slings are to be left suspended from a crane hook, the chain sling hooks should be engaged in an upper l i n k to reduce the risk of chain shg legs swingmg freely or snagging. If it is likely that chain slugs will be out of use for some time they should be cleaned, dried and protected from corrosion, e.g. lightly oiled

A.2 Maintenance

A.2.1 Inspection D u r i n g service, chain slings are subjected to conditions which affect their safety. It is necessary therefore to ensure, as far as is reasonably practicable, that the %ble A.2 - Working load limit (TaL) factors chain sling should be safe for continued use. Types of chain sling Number of Factor to apply If the t a g or label identifying the chain siing and its legs used to marked W L L worlang load iimit becomes detached and the necessary information is not marked on the master 1 1/2 two-leg l i n k itself, or by some other means, the cham shgs three- and four-leg 2 2 should be withdrawn from service. three-and four-leg Il IV3 The chain s h g should be withdrawn from service and referred to a competent person for thorough A.1.3.8 Working load l i m i t (WLL) examinati . on if any of the following are observed Mung into consideration A.1.3.1 to A.1.3.7 and the a) the chain sling marlungs are illegible, cumulative effects of derabng, the method of chain i.e. information on the chah shng identification slinguig should be decided and a suitable cham sling or andor the working load limit; chain slings selected, having a WLL equai to or greater e t b) distortion of the upper or lower, than the mass to be lifted. c) chain stretch A.1.3.9 LUTl4lin.g the load If the chain links are elongated or if there is any lack The landing site should be prepared. It should be of free articulation between the l i n k s or noticeable ensured that the ground or floor is of adequate difference in the leg length of multi-leg chain slings, strength to take the weight taking account of any the chain may have been stretched. voids, ducts, pipes etc. which may be damaged or d) wear; coiiapse. It should also be ensured that there is Wear by contact with other objects usually occurs on adequate access to the site and that it is clear of any the outside of the straight portions of the links where unnecessary obstacles and people. It may be necessary is easily seen and measured Wear between aoining it to provide timber beare= or similar material to avoid l i n k s is hidden. The chain should be slack and trapping the chain sling or to protect the Boor or load aoining links rotated to expose the inner end of each or to ensure the stability of the load when landed. l i n k .Inter-link wear, as measured by talang the The load should be landed carefully. Care should be diameter indicated ( d l ) and one at right angles, (dz) taken to avoid trapping the chain sling beneath the may be tolerated until the mean of these diameters has load as this may damage it. Before allowing the chain been reduced to 90% of the nominal diameter to become slack, the load should be checked to ensure (see Figure k6)provided . that it is properly supported and stable. This is especially important when several loose objects are in d2 L 0,g d, 2 basket hitch and choke hitch When the load is safely landed the chain sling should be removed by hand. e) cuis, nicks, gouges, cracks, excessive corrosion, The chain s h g should not be dragged out with the i n k s or any heat discoloration, bent or distorted l lifting machine since it may thereby be damaged or it other defects; may snag and cause the load to topple over. The load f ) signs of opening out of hooks, ie. any noticeable should not be rolled off the chain shg as t h i s may increase in the throat operungs or any other form of damage the chain sling. distortion in the lower terminal. A.1.3.10 St4n-age o f chain slings The increase in throat opening should not exceed 10 % When not in use, chain, siings should normally be kept of the nominal value or be such as to allow the safety hatch, i f fitted, to become disengaged. on a properly designed rack. They should not be left lying on the ground where they may be damaged.

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A.2.2 Thorough examination A thorough examhation should be carried out by a competent person at intervals not exceeding twelve months. This interval should be less where deemed necessary in the light of service conditions. Records of such examinations should be maintained. Chains slings should be thoroughly cleaned so as to be free from oil, dirt and rust prior to examlliaton. Any cleaning method which does not damage the parent metal is acceptable. Methods to avoid are those using acids, overheating, removal of metal or movement of metal which may cover cracks or surface defects. Adequate lighting should be provided and the chah shg should be examined throughout its length to detect any evidence of wear, distortion or external damage. A.2.3 Repair Any replacement component or part of the chain sling should be in accordance with the appropriate European Standard for that component or part. With Grade 8 or Grade 4 chain slings, if any chain l i n k within the leg of a chah sling is required to be replaced then the whole of the chain within that leg should be renewed. The repair of chain in a welded chain slings should oniy be carried out by the manufacturer using a resistance butt or flash butt welding process.

Components that are cracked, visibly distorted or twisted, severely corroded or have deposits which cannot be removed should be discarded and replaced. Minor damage such as nicks and gouges may be or f h g . The surface removed by careful grinshould blend smoothly into the a x e n t material without abrupt change of section. The complete removal of the damage should not reduce the thickness of the section at that point to less than the manufacturers specified minimum dimensions or by more than 10 % of nominal thickness of the section. In the case of chain slings on which repair work has involved welding, each repaired chain sling should be proof-tested following heat tseahnent using a force equivalent to twice the working load limit and thoroughly examined before it is returned to use. However, where repair is carried out by inserting a mechanically assembled component, proof-testing is not required providing that the component has already been tested by the mufacturer in accordance with the relevant European Standard. The accuracy of the tensile test equipment should be of class 2 as given in EN 1ooO2-2.

A-A

Figure A.6

- Inter-link wear on links

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STDmBSI BS EN 8L8-b-ENGL 2000

l1h24bh9 0838489 37T

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Page 13 EN 818622000

Annex B (informative)
Bibliography
prEN 1677-1, Componentsfor slings - Safety Part 1: Forged steel c o m m t s - Grade 8. prEN 1677-2, Componentsfor slings - Safety Part 2: Forged steel lifling hooks with latch Gmde 8. prEN 1677-3, Componentsfor slings -ety Part 3: Forged steel [Link] hooks - Gme 8. prEN 16774, Cmponents for slings -Safety Part 4: Links - Gr& 8, prEN 1677-5, Componentsfor .dings - SctfetyPart 5: Forged steel lifling hooks with latchGmde 4. prEN 1677-6, Componentsfor slings - Safety Part 6: Links - omde4. EN 1ooo2-21991, Metaic materials- Tensile testing -Part 2: Verification of the forces measuring system of the tense testing m h i n e . IS0 1 2 W 1 , Cranes -Safe use -Part 1: Geneml.

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with EU Directives

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free W e Association, and supports the essentid requirements of EU Directives. Machinery Directive 9&'37/EC. [Link] requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of t h i s standard. Compliance with this standard provides one means of conforming with the specific essentid requirements of the Directive concerned and associaied with EFTA requirements.

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BS EN 818-6:2000

STDmBSI BS EN BLA-b-ENGL

2000

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