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Question: Magnesium burns in oxygen to form magnesium oxide. Which element is oxidized and which element is reduced? Which element is oxidizing agent and which element is reducing agent? Our Answer: The given reaction may be written as Mg ! " # $ % &% ' $ % &% (' $i' Mg is oxidized and " is reduced. $ii' " is oxidizing agent and Mg is reducing agent. Mg" $ % &% % &% &'
Question: )efine the following :* $i' "xidising agent $ii' +educing agent. Our Answer: $i' Oxidising agent * , substance which in a reaction $a' give up oxygen or any electronegative element% $b' accept hydrogen or any electropositive element or $c' accepts electrons is called oxidizing agent. -n the reaction% . / ! 0l #/ ! .0l chlorine is oxidizing agent% as it accepts hydrogen from . /and . / is oxidized. $ii' Reducing agent 1 , substance which in a reaction $a' give up hydrogen or any electropositive element% $b' accepts oxygen or any electronegative element or $c' releases electrons is called reducing agent. -n the reaction% 2n ! 0u !/"3 * # 2n !/"3 * ! 0u 2inc is reducing agent% as it reduces 0u ! to 0u by releasing electrons. -n a chemical reaction oxidizing agent is reduced and reducing agent is oxidized. Question: -n the following e4uation of reaction% select the oxidizing agent and reducing agent: $i' 35a ! " # 5a "
$ii' /" ! . / # . " ! 6/ $iii' 2n ! 0u/"3 # 2n/"3 ! 0u $iv' . / ! 0l # .0l ! / $iv' . / ! /" # 6/ ! . " $vi' 0u" ! . #0u ! . " $vii' 7e "6 ! ,l # ,l "6 ! 7e $viii' Mn" ! 3.0l # Mn0l ! . " ! 0l Our Answer: Oxidizing agent $i' " $ii' /" $iii' 0u/"3 $iv' 0l $v' /" $vi' 0u" $vii' 7e "6 $viii' Mn" Reducing agent $i' 5a $ii' . / $iii' 2n $iv' . / $v' . / $vi' . $vii' ,l $viii' .0l.
Question: What is a redox reaction? Our Answer: , chemical reaction in which one substance is oxidized and the other is reduced ia called a redox reaction. ,ll oxidation*reduction reaction are redox reaction. Question: /how that oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously. Our Answer: $i'8et us consider a chemical reaction in which magnesium react with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. The reaction can be stated by the following e4uation as : Mg $s' ! .! 0l* # Mg !0l * ! . $ % &% ' $ %&%&' $ %&' $ %&%&' $ ' Magnesium metal loses electrons and is oxidized to Mg ! and on the other hand .! gains electrons and is reduced to . molecule. There is no change in the electronic configuration of chlorine ion. The above reaction is 9nown as a +edox reaction. $ii' 8et us consider another chemical reaction: Mg ! 0l # Mg0l :Mg!!$0l*' ; Mg 1 e # Mg!! $"xidation' $ %&% ' $ %&' 0l ! e # 0l* $+eduction' $ %&%<' $ %&%&'
Question:
=xplain which one of the following is a redox reaction? $i' ,g5"6 ! 5a0l # ,g0l ! 5a5"6 $ii' ,l $s' ! 6 Mg$5"6' # ,l$5"6' ! 6 Mg $s' Our Answer: $ii' is a redox reaction as ,l atom loses 6 electron each and Mg atom gains electrons each. $i' is not a redox reaction as no atom or ion gains or loses any electron. Question: What is a chemical e4uation? =xplain with examples. Our Answer: The chemical language of a chemical reaction is communicated by means of chemical e4uation. -t is an expression for a given chemical change in terms of symbols and formula of reactants and products. 7or example% the reaction of zinc with dilute hydrochloric acid to give zinc chloride and hydrogen is written as: 2n ! .0l # 2n0l ! . Question: -s it necessary to obtain a balanced chemical e4uation? Why? Our Answer: ,ccording to the law of conservation of mass the total mass of reactants and products remains the same during a chemical reaction. .ence% the number of atoms of various elements on both the side are made e4ual i. e. e4uation is balanced.
Question: Write balanced chemical e4uation from the following information : $i' 0alcium carbonate on heating forms calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. $ii' "n adding a4ueous solution of sodium hydroxide to an a4ueous solution of copper sulphate% copper hydroxide is precipitated and sodium sulphate remains in solution. $iii' 0arbon$co9e' burns in air to form carbon dioxide gas $iv' "n putting a piece of sodium metal in water we get caustic soda and hydrogen gas. $v' 0alcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to give calcium chloride% water and carbon dioxide gas. $vi' 0arbon disulphide when burn in air% carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide are formed. $vii' ,luminium replaces hydrogen from sulphuric acid aluminium sulphate is formed . $viii' 7erric oxide reacts with 0" and get reduced to 7e oxidizing 0" to 0" . $ix' 2inc metal reacts with a4ueous hydrochloric acid to produce a solution of zinc
chloride and hydrogen gas. $x' When solid mercury $--' oxide is heated% li4uid mercury and oxygen gas are produced. $xi' Magnesium carbonate react with hydrochloric acid to give magnesium chloride% water and carbon dioxide gas. $xii' ,luminium react with chlorine gas to produce aluminium trichloride. $xiii' 5itrogen react with hydrogen to give ammonia. $xiv' Magnesium burns in carbon dioxide to form magnesium oxide and carbon. $xv' 0alcium and sulphur react to form calcium sulphide. $xvi' When steam is passed over red hot iron% hydrogen is given out together with oxides of iron. Our Answer: $i' 0a0"6$s'#0a"$s' ! 0" > $ii' 5a". $a4' ! 0u/"3 $a4'#0u$".' ? ! 5a /"3 $a4' $iii' 0 $s' ! " > # 0" > $iv' 5a $s' ! . " $l'# 5a". $a4' ! . > $v' 0a0"6 $s' ! .0l $a4'#0a0l $a4' ! 0" > ! . " $l' $vi' 0/ ! 6" > # 0" > ! /" > $vii' ,l $s' ! 6 . /"3$a4' # ,l $/"3'6 $a4' ! 6. > $viii' 7e "6 $s' ! 60"># 7e $s' ! 60" > $ix' 2n $s' ! .0l $a4' # 2n0l $a4' ! . > $x' .g" $s'# .g $l' ! " > $xi' Mg0"6 $s' ! .0l$a4' #Mg0l $s' ! . " $l' ! 0" > $xii' ,l $s' ! 60l > # ,l0l6 $s' $xiii' 5 > ! 6. ># 5.6 > $xiv' Mg $s' ! 0" > # Mg" $s' ! 0 $s' $xv' 0a $s' ! / $s' # 0a/ $s' $xvi' 67e $s' ! 3. " $l' # 7e6"3 $s'! . >
Question: @alance the following e4uation: A0l"6 # A0l ! " 5a 0"6 ! .0l # 5a0l ! . " ! 0" 0.3 ! " # 0" ! . " . ! 5 # 5.6 5a0l ! . /"3 # 5a /"3 ! .0l 7e ! . " # 7e6"3 ! . ./!" #."!/ Mg0"6 ! .0l # Mg0l ! . " ! 0" ,l ! 0l #,l0l6 ,l ! .0l # ,l0l6 ! . Mg ! 0" # Mg" ! 0 . !" #." . / ! /" #/ ! . "
B ! 0l #B0l6 . /"3 ! 5a". # 5a /"3 ! . " @a$".' ! .@r # @a@r ! . " A05 ! . /"3 # A /"3 ! .05 ,l ! . /"3#,l $/"3'6 ! . 0 .( ! " # 0" ! . " 0(.( ! " # 0" !. " Our Answer: A0l"6 # A0l ! 6" 5a 0"6 ! .0l # 5a0l ! . " ! 0" 0.3 ! " # 0" ! . " 6. ! 5 # 5.6 5a0l ! . /"3#5a /"3 ! .0l 67e ! 3. " # 7e6"3 ! 3. ./!" # ."! / Mg0"6 ! .0l # Mg0l ! . " ! 0" ,l ! 60l # ,l0l6 ,l ! (.0l # ,l0l6 ! 6. Mg ! 0" # Mg" ! 0 . !"# ." . / ! /" #6/ ! . " B ! 60l # B0l6 . /"3 ! 5a". # 5a /"3 ! . " @a$".' ! .@r # @a@r ! . " A05 ! . /"3#A /"3 ! .05 ,l ! 6. /"3 # ,l $/"3'6 ! 6. 0 .( ! <" #30" ! (. " 0(.( ! CD" # C 0" ! (. "