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Compression Member Design Guidelines

This document discusses the design of axially loaded compression members according to the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method. It provides equations to calculate the design compressive strength based on the member's geometry, material properties, and buckling behavior. Specifically, it gives two equations to determine the critical buckling stress depending on whether the member buckles inelastically or elastically. Slenderness limits are provided for various steel grades below which members buckle inelastically.

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82 views4 pages

Compression Member Design Guidelines

This document discusses the design of axially loaded compression members according to the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method. It provides equations to calculate the design compressive strength based on the member's geometry, material properties, and buckling behavior. Specifically, it gives two equations to determine the critical buckling stress depending on whether the member buckles inelastically or elastically. Slenderness limits are provided for various steel grades below which members buckle inelastically.

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الكشكولي رضوان
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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LRFD Axially Loaded Compression Members

AISC E3: Compressive Strength for Flexural Buckling of Members without slender elements Factored Compression Load Design Compressive Strength

Pu c Pn c Ag Fcr
Where Pu = Required axial compressive strength based on factored nominal loads (kips) Pn = Nominal axial compressive strength (kips) c = Resistance factor for compression members (0.90) Ag = gross cross-sectional area ([Link]) Fcr = Flexural Buckling stress (Critical compressive stress) (ksi) For members designed on the basis of compression, the slenderness ratio KL/r preferably should not exceed 200.

(a) When (KL/r) 4.71(E/Fy)


Fy Fe

(or Fy / Fe 2.25)

Fcr = [0.658

] Fy

(AISC Eq. E3-2)

(b) When (KL/r) > 4.71(E/Fy)

(or Fy / Fe > 2.25)

Fcr = 0.877 Fe

.......(AISC Eq. E3-3)

Where, Fe = elastic critical buckling stress,

Fe = 2 E / (KL/r)2

(AISC Eq. E3-4)

Where K= Effective length factor L= laterally un-braced length of member (in) r = Governing radius of gyration about the axis of buckling (in) Fy = specified minimum yield stress (ksi) E = modulus of elasticity (29,000 ksi)

Dr. M.E. Haque, P.E.

LRFD: Axially Loaded Compression Members

Page 1 of 4

For Fy=50 ksi KL/r 113 AISC Eq. E3-2 Inelastic Buckling

For Fy=50 ksi KL/r > 113 AISC Eq. E3-3 Elastic Buckling

For Fy=36 ksi KL/r > 134 AISC Eq. E3-3 Elastic Buckling For Fy=36 ksi KL/r 134 AISC Eq. E3-2 Inelastic Buckling

KL/r

Dr. M.E. Haque, P.E.

LRFD: Axially Loaded Compression Members

Page 2 of 4

2.0 L

0.7 L L 0.5 L

2.0 L Fixed Fixed with translation K=1.0 K= 1.2 Fixed-Free (Cantilever) K=2.0 K=2.1

Pin-ended K=1.0 K= 1.0

Fixed Ends K=0.5 K=0.65

Pin-Fixed Ends K=0.7 K=0.8

Pin Fixed with translation K=2.0 K=2.0

COLUMN BUCKLED SHAPE FOR DIFFERENT END CONDITIONS (Theoretical K Values are shown in Black; AISC Recommended design value (shown in Blue) when ideal conditions are approximated)
Dr. M.E. Haque, P.E. LRFD: Axially Loaded Compression Members Page 3 of 4

AISC Table B4.1a (AISC Steel Manual 14th Ed. Page 16.1-16) Width-to-thickness Ratios: Compression ElementsMembers Subjected to Axial Compression Example 1: Check whether W12X72 A992 (Fy=50 ksi) is Non-Slender in Compression. AISC Table 1-1 For W12X72 A= 21.1, bf/(2tf) = 8.99; h/tw = 22.6 AISC Table B4.1a Case 1: Flange: b/t = 0.5bf/(tf) = bf/(2tf) = 8.99 < 0.56(E/Fy) = 0.56(29000/50) = 13.49 Yes. Therefore, Non-slender un-stiffened flange element. AISC Table B4.1a Case 5: Web: h/tw = 22.6 < 1.49(E/Fy) = 1.49(29000/50) = 35.88 Yes. Therefore, Non-slender stiffened web element. Therefore, W12X72 A992 (Fy=50 ksi) is a Non-Slender Element in Compression. Example 2: Check whether W12X35 A992 (Fy=50 ksi) is Non-Slender in Compression. AISC Table 1-1 For W12X35 A= 10.3, bf/(2tf) = 6.31; h/tw = 36.2 AISC Table B4.1a Case 1: Flange: b/t = 0.5bf/(tf) = bf/(2tf) = 6.31 < 0.56(E/Fy) = 0.56(29000/50) = 13.49 Yes. Therefore, Non-slender un-stiffened flange element. AISC Table B4.1a Case 5: Web: h/tw = 36.2 < 1.49(E/Fy) = 1.49(29000/50) = 35.88 NO. Therefore, slender stiffened web element. Therefore, W12X35 A992 (Fy=50 ksi) is a Slender Element in Compression. [ NOTE: AISC Table 1-1, Footnote (c): W12X35 is Slender for compression with Fy=50 ksi]

Dr. M.E. Haque, P.E.

LRFD: Axially Loaded Compression Members

Page 4 of 4

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