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Axis Configuration and Testing Guide

1. This document provides directions and terminology for testing the principal configurations of a machine table or bed. 2. It describes 13 tests to check properties like flatness, parallelism of surfaces, squareness of axes, spindle runout, and other metrics, and provides tolerances for each. 3. The tests involve using instruments like dial gauges, squares, and straight edges to evaluate properties along the X, Y and Z axes and ensure they meet specifications.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
9 views30 pages

Axis Configuration and Testing Guide

1. This document provides directions and terminology for testing the principal configurations of a machine table or bed. 2. It describes 13 tests to check properties like flatness, parallelism of surfaces, squareness of axes, spindle runout, and other metrics, and provides tolerances for each. 3. The tests involve using instruments like dial gauges, squares, and straight edges to evaluate properties along the X, Y and Z axes and ensure they meet specifications.

Uploaded by

sandeshlikes
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PRINCIPAL CONFIGURATIONS DIRECTIONS OF THE AXES AND TERMINOLOGY

1. 2. ". %. ).

Bed Table or alle! Saddle o# !$e !able Col&'( S *(dle $ead.

Test No. 1

Flatness of table surface Z X


Figure

Y
Object Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of f'atness of tab'e# *a''et surface. If t+ere are more t+an one *a''et, rea-ings s+a'' be recor-e- for eac+ *a''et b. gi%ing number.

&recision 'e%e' or straig+t e-ge ansna* gauge or autoco''imator

/"0 a1es to be in center of t+e tra%e'. 6302341000 0.03 NOT5 : 5rror s+a'' be f'at to conca%e

Test No. 2

Parallelism between the Table surface & the X axis

Z X
Figure

Y
Object Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of &ara''e'ism of t+e tab'e surface or of eac+ *a''et surface to : Its Mo%ement on t+e sa--'e If t+ere are more t+an one *a''et, rea-ings s+a'' be recor-e- for eac+ *a''et b. gi%ing number. Straig+t e-ge, gauge b'oc6s an-ia' gauge.

T+e st.'us of t+e -ia' gauge is to be *'acea**ro1imate'. at 7or6ing *osition of t+e too'. T+e measurement ma. be ma-e on a straig+t e-ge 'ai- *ara''e' to t+e tab'e surface. If t+e s*in-'e can be 'oc6e- t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on it. If s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be *'ace- on t+e s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be *'ace- on t+e s*in-'e +ea- s'i-e. 0 " 8 a1es to be 'oc6e-, 9if a%ai'ab'e:

6302341000 0.0; 3 < Mo%ement of tab'e or *a''et in / a1is -irection

Test No. 3

Parallelism between the Table surface & the Y axis Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of &ara''e'ism of t+e tab'e surface or of eac+ *a''et surface to : T+e Mo%ement of t+e tab'e sa--'e on t+e be-. If t+ere are more t+an one *a''et, rea-ings s+a'' be recor-e- for eac+ *a''et b. gi%ing number.

Straig+t e-ge, gauge b'oc6s an-ia' gauge.

T+e st.'us of t+e -ia' gauge is to be *'acea**ro1imate'. at 7or6ing *osition of t+e too'. T+e measurement ma. be ma-e on a straig+t e-ge 'ai- *ara''e' to t+e tab'e surface. If t+e s*in-'e can be 'oc6e- t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on it. If s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on it. If s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be *'ace- on t+e s*in-'e +ea- s'i-e. / " 8 a1es to be 'oc6e-, 9if a%ai'ab'e:

630 2 3 4 1000 0.0;

3 < Mo%ement of tab'e or *a''et in / a1is -irection

Test No. ;

Squareness of the Z axis to the table surface in the XZ & YZ planes X


Figure

Z Y
Object Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of Squareness of %ertica' mo%ement of t+e s*in-'e +ea- to t+e tab'e surface or of eac+ *a''et surface to : a: in t+e %ertica' *'ane *ara''e' to t+e a1is. b: In t+e %ertica' *'ane *ara''e' to t+e 0 a1is

S=uare an- -ia' gauge

T+e st.'us of t+e -ia' gauge is to be *'acea**ro1imate'. at 7or6ing *osition of t+e too'. T+e measurement ma. be ma-e on a straig+t e-ge 'ai- *ara''e' to t+e tab'e surface. If t+e s*in-'e can be 'oc6e- t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on it. If s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on it. If s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be *'ace- on t+e s*in-'e +ea- s'i-e. / " 8 a1es to be 'oc6e-, 9if a%ai'ab'e:

a: 0?

0.01>#30

Test No. >

Squareness between the Z & X axis Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

T+e straig+te-ge s+a'' be set *ara''e' to t+e / a1is. T+e 8 a1is, s+a'' t+en be c+ec6e- b. means of a s=uare stan-ing on t+e straig+te-ge. If t+e s*in-'e can be 'oc6e- t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on it. Straig+te-ge, s=uare an- -ia' gauge. If t+e s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be *'ace- in t+e s*in-'e +ea- s'i-e. For @5A 9*orta' t.*e: an@FA 9gantr. t.*e: c+ec6 t+e %ertica' mo%ement of t+e cross rai' on t+e co'umns as 7e''.

)erification of squareness of %ertica' mo%ement of t+e s*in-'e +ea- to t+e mo%ement of : a: T+e tab'e on its sa--'e.

0.01>#300?

Test No. 6

Squareness between the Z & Y axis Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

T+e straig+te-ge s+a'' be set *ara''e' to t+e 0 a1is. T+e 8 a1is, s+a'' t+en be c+ec6e- b. means of a s=uare stan-ing on t+e straig+te-ge. If t+e s*in-'e can be 'oc6e- t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on it. Straig+te-ge, s=uare an- -ia' gauge. If t+e s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be *'ace- on t+e s*in-'e +ea-. For @5A 9*orta' t.*e: an@FA 9gantr. t.*e: c+ec6 t+e %ertica' mo%ement of t+e cross rai' on t+e co'umns as 7e''.

0.01>#300?

)erification of squareness of s*in-'e +ea- mo%ement to t+e mo%ement of : a: T+e tab'esa--'e on t+e be-.

Test No. B

Squareness between the X & Y axis Z X


Figure Object
)erification of squareness of t+e mo%ement of : a: T+e tab'e on its sa--'e to t+e mo%ement of t+e tab'e sa--'e on t+e be-.

Y
Measuring instrument
Straig+te-ge, s=uare an- -ia' gauge.

Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

T+e straig+te-ge s+a'' be set *ara''e' to t+e /90: a1is. T+e 09/: a1is s+a'' t+en be c+ec6e- b. means of a s=uare *'ace- on t+e tab'e 7it+ one e-ge against t+e straig+t

0.01>#300?

Test No. C

Rotation of the Spindle axis Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

Measurement of *erio-ic a1ia' s'i* of t+e s*in-'e

$ia' gauge stee' ba'' " s*ecia' tac6'e

T+e fee'er of t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be a**'ie- to t+e center of tac6'e " a'igne-. ( stee' ba'' s+a'' be inserte- to bear against center. 0.00> Rotate s*in-'e continuous'. at s'o7 s*ee- " t+en rea-ing s+a'' be recor-e-.

Test No. !

Runout of spindle Internal taper Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of run out of interna' ta*er of t+e s*in-'e.

Test man-re' an-ia' gauge

a: Near t+e s*in-'e nose. b: (t a -istance of 300 mm from t+e s*in-'e nose.

a: b:

0.01 0.02

Test s+a'' be re*eate- for at'east four *ositions of test man-re' on s*on-'e nose. T+e a%erage %a'ue of rea-ings s+a'' be t+e measure- %a'ue.

Test No. 10

Squareness of the spindle axis to the table surface plane alon X & Y axis X
Figure

Z Y
Object
)erification of squareness of s*in-'e a1is to t+e tab'e surface.

Measuring instrument
S*ecia' arm, -ia' gauge an- straig+t e-ge.

Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing


/ " 0 a1es to be 'oc6ein t+e center of t+e tra%e'.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

a: In t+e %ertica' *'ane *ara''e' to t+e / a1is. b: In t+e %ertica' *'ane *ara''e' to t+e 0 a1is.

a: b:

0.02 for 300 0.02 for 300

Test No. 11

Squareness of the spindle axis to the table surface plane alon X & Y axis X
Figure

Z Y
Object
)erification of

Measuring instrument
Test man-re' an-ia' gauge

Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing


/ " 0 a1es to be 'oc6ein t+e center of t+e tra%e'. For @5A 9*orta' t.*e: an@FA 9gantr. t.*e: c+ec6 t+e %ertica' mo%ement of t+e cross rai' on t+e co'umns as 7e''. T+e test s+a'' be *erforme- for at'east four *ositions of test man-re' in s*in-'e nose. T+e ma1imum %a'ue s+a'' be t+e measure- %a'ue.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

parallelism of the spindle a1is to t+e


%ertica' mo%ement of t+e s*in-'e +ea-.

a: b:

0.02 for 300 0.02 for 300

a: In t+e %ertica' *'ane *ara''e' to t+e / a1is. b: In t+e %ertica' *'ane *ara''e' to t+e 0 a1is.

Test No. 12

Squareness of the spindle axis and X axis Z X


Figure Object
)erification of s=uareness of t+e s*in-'e a1is to t+e mo%ement of : T+e tab'e on its sa--'e 0.02 for 300

Y
Measuring instrument
Strig+te-ge s*ecia' arm an-ia' gauge.

Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing


0 " 8 a1es to be 'oc6e-. T+e straig+t e-ge s+a'' be set *ara''e' to t+e / a1is.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

Test No. 13

Squareness between the spindle axis and the Y axis! Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of s=uareness of t+e s*in-'e a1is to t+e mo%ement of : T+e tab'e sa--'e on t+e be-.

Strig+te-ge, s*ecia' arm an-ia' gauge.

/ " 0 a1es to be 'oc6e-. T+e straig+t e-ge s+a'' be set *ara''e' to t+e 0 a1is. 0.02 # 300

Test No. 1;

Squareness between the spindle axis and the Y axis! Z X


Figure Object
)erification of ness of : straig+t

Y
Measuring instrument
Strig+te-ge, -ia' gauge. an-

Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing


/ " 0 a1es to be 'oc6e-. T+e straig+t e-ge ma. be *'ace- -irect'. on t+e tab'e.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

a: T+e 'ongitu-ina' me-ian or reference T s'ot of tab'e or eac+ of *a''et. b: T+e trans%erse me-ian or reference tenon s'ot of t+e tab'e or eac+ of t+e *a''et.

0.01 for an. 'engt+ of >00 mm. Ma1 *ermissib'e -e%iation 0.0;.

Test No. 1>

Parallelism between the lon itudinal median or reference slot of the table and the X axis! Z X
Figure Object
)erification of *ara''e'ism of 'ongitu-ina' me-ian reference T s'ot of tab'e in-e1e- at 0D, to mo%ement of : t+e t+e or t+e t+e

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing
0 " 08 a1es to be 'oc6e-. If t+e s*in-'e can be 'oc6e- t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on it. If t+e s*in-'e can not be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be *'ace- on t+e s*in-'e +ea- s'i-e.

$e%iations &ermissib'e
3 4 ;00 0.01> ;00 2 3 4 630 0.02> 630 2 3 4 1000 0.0; 1000 2 3 E 2000 0.06 3 < 3engt+ of s'ot

(ctua'

$ia' gauge.

a: T+e tab'e on its sa--'e.

Test No. 16

Squareness between the median or reference slots of the table Z X


Figure Object
)erification of t+e s=uareness of t+e trans%erse me-ian or reference tenon s'ot of t+e tab'e to t+e 'ongitu-ina' me-ian or reference T s'ot.

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing
T+e straig+te-ge s+a'' be set *ara''e' to t+e 'ongitu-ina' s'ot. T+e trans%erse s'ot s+a'' t+en be c+ec6e- b. means of s=uare *'ace- on t+e tab'e 7it+ one e-ge against t+e straig+t e-ge.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

Straig+te-ge, s=uare angauge.

-ia'

0.01#300

Test No. 1B

Rotation of the " axis Z X


Figure
a:

Y
Object Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing
0 " 08 a1es to be 'oc6e-. If t+e s*in-'e can be 'oc6e- t+e -ia' gauge ma. be mounte- on t+e s*in-'e. If t+e s*in-'e cannot be 'oc6e-, t+e -ia' gauge s+a'' be *'ace- on a fi1e- *art of t+e mac+ine.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

Measurement of t+e runout of t+e 'ocation bore of t+e continuous rotar. tab'e of eac+ *a''et. Measurement of camming of t+e face of t+e integra' rotar. tab'e.

c: -:

0.01> 0.02 > u*to ra-ius 2>0? (-0.00> for eac+ 100 mm increase in ra-ius.

a:

$ia' gauge.

b:

b:

$ia' gauge

Test No. 1C

Relati#e position between the reference T$slot of the table and Z X


Figure Object
)erification of intersection of t+e center 'ine of t+e 'ongitu-ina' me-ian or reference T s'ot of t+e tab'e 7it+ t+e a1is of rotation.

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing
Fit+ t+e rotar. tab'e *ositione- suc+ t+at t+e s'ot is a**ro1imate'. *ara''e' to t+e / a1is, -ia' gauge is Geroe- against straig+t e-ge 7+ic+ is t+en remo%e- an- tab'e in-e1 t+roug+ 1C0D. Straig+t e-ge re*'aceagainst ot+er si-e of gauge b'oc6s an- ne7 -ia' gauge rea-ing gi%es t+e error.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

0.02>

Straig+te-ge, gauge b'oc6s an-ia' gauge.

Test No. 1!

Indexin %ccurac& of Table Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing
Set t+e master s=uare *ara''e' to / a1is -irection " c+ec6 -e%iations after eac+ in-e1ing of !0D, 1C0D, " 2B0D. Master s=uare " -ia' gauge OR (utoco''imator " -ia' gauge OR Set o*tica' *o'.gon mirror a**ro1imate'. suitab'e *osition for ta6ing rea-ings in a fi1e- -irection 7it+ *ro*er a'ignment bet7een *o'.gon mirror anautoco''imator. In bot+ t+e cases, ta6e t+e initia' *osition as reference. &erform t+e *ositioning in t+e same -irection 7it+ ra*i- s*ee- rate anmeasure -istance at t+e eac+ *osition, bet7een t+e actua''. rotate- ang'e from t+e reference *osition " t+e ang'e oug+t to rotate 9comman- ang'e:. T+e ma1imum -ifference of t+ese %a'ues 7it+in one rotation is t+e in-e1ing error of t+e tab'e.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of in-e1ing accurac. of tab'e 7it+ a: ;1!0D in-e1ing *osition. 9$iscrete *osition: b: (utomatic *ositioning for H Hin-e1ing anrotation 7it+ rotar. mi''ing ca*acit. continuous rotar. tab'e.

Test No. 1!

Rotation of the " axis Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

NOT5 : In case of a mac+ine too' *ro%i-e7it+ continuous *ositioning function of rotar. motion, it is recommen-e- to *erform t+e measurement at eac+ 30D or 12 *'aces t+roug+ out tota' Gone of t+e rotating range. T+e *ositioning s+a'' be *erforme- in bot+ -irection of rotation. T+e ma1imum %a'ue amongst t7o %a'ues s+a'' be t+e measure- %a'ue.

Test No. 20

Indexin Repeatabilit& of Table Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing
Set t+e master s=uare *ara''e' to / a1is -irection " c+ec6 -e%iations after eac+ in-e1ing of !0D, 1C0D, " 2B0D. OR

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of in-e1ing re*eatabi'it. of tab'e 7it+ a: ;1!0D in-e1ing *osition. 9$iscrete *osition: b: (utomatic *ositioning for in-e1ing anrotation 7it+ rotar. mi''ing ca*acit. continuous rotar. tab'e.

a:

H ; sec. Of an arc. H 10 sec. Of an arc.

Master s=uare " -ia' gauge OR (utoco'imator " *o'.gon

b:

Set o*tica' *o'.gon mirror a**ro1imate'. at [Link]'e center an- estab'is+ suitab'e *osition for ta6ing rea-ings in a fi1e- -irection 7it+ *ro*er a'ignment bet7een *o'.gon mirror anauto co'imator. NOT5 : In bot+ cases, 9a " b: measurements s+a'' be ta6en b. re*eating se%en times of *ositioning to a *oint from t+e same -irection in ra*i- fee- rate an- obtain I of t+e ma1imum -ifference of rea-ings.

Test No. 20

Rotation of the " axis Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing
T+e measurement for a mac+ine too' *ro%i-e7it+ continuous *ositioning function for rotar. motion s+a'' be *erforme- on res*ecti%e *ositions of arbitrar. 3 *oints 7it+in t+e rotationa' range. J(3F of t+e ma1imum %a'ue among t+e obtaine%a'ues +a'' be ta6en as t+e measure- %a'ue 7it+H sign. T+e *ositioning s+a'' be *erforme- in bot+ -irection of rotation. In 7+ic+ case t+e ma1imum of t7o measure- %a'ues s+a'' be t+e fina' measure- %a'ue.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

Test No. 21

%ccurac& of buttin surfaces Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing
Measure t+e -istance bet7een center anbui'-ing faces of eac+ *a''et an- enter t+e -e%iations for a'' *a''ets.

$e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of accurac. of -istance bet7een t+e centre of *a''et an- butting surfaces.

H 0.01

Kauge b'oc6, s'i* gauge, -ia' gauge.

Test No. 22

Rotation of the " axis Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of run out of *a''et to* face at ;1!0D *ositions.

Kauge b'oc6 an-ia' gauge. OR S'i* gauge an- -ia' gauge.

Set t+e -ia' gauge on t+e s*in-'e +ea-, 6ee* gauge b'oc6s on *a''et face anset Gero. In-e1 *a''et t+roug+ !0D, 1C0D " 2B0D *osition annote t+e -e%iations in t+e rea-ing at eac+ *osition. T+e ma1imum -ifference of rea-ings s+e'' be t+e measure- -e%iation. 0.02 for >00

NOTES : 1. If there are more than one pallet, readings shall be

Test No. 23

%ccurac& of repeatabilit& of pallets Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of accurac. of re*eatabi'it. of same *a''et in /, 0 " 8 a1es, 7+en 'oa-eon in-e1 tab'e from *a''et c+anger.

$ia' gauge gauge b'oc6

an-

Set t+e mac+ine at *a''et c+ange *osition an- set t+e -ia' gauge 7.r.t *a''et from / a1is, 0 a1is " 8 a1is -irections res*ecti%e'. t+roug+ a gauge b'oc6. Re*eat t+e *a''et c+ange c.c'e at'east 3 times. Note t+e rea-ings at eac+ c+ange. T+e ma1imum -ifference in t+e rea-ings < s+a'' be measure-e%iations.

0.02 in /,0 " 8 -irection

Test No. 2;

%ccurac& of repeatabilit& of pallets Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of inter *a''et -ifference re'ati%e to *a''et c+ange.

$ia' gauge gauge b'oc6

an-

Set t+e mac+ine at *a''et c+ange *osition an- set t+e -ia' gauge 7.r.t *a''et from 8 a1is 7it+ t+e +e'* of gauge b'oc6. Re*eat *a''et c+ange c.c'e at'east 3 times. Note t+e rea-ing at eac+ c+ange. Re*eat t+e *roce-ure for a'' t+e *a''ets t+e ma1. -ifference of t+ese rea-ings s+a'' be t+e measure- -e%iation.

0.030

Test No. 2>

%ccurac& of repeatabilit& of pallets Z X


Figure Object

Y
Measuring instrument Reference to IS:2063 1!62 "#for instructions for testing $e%iations &ermissib'e (ctua'

)erification of re*eatabi'it. of eac+ a1is. 9 /, 0 " 8:

Kauge b'oc6 an- Set t+e mac+ine at -ia' in-icator *a''et c+ange *osition OR an- set t+e -ia' gauge 7.r.t *a''et from 8 a1is 3aser 'engt+ 7it+ t+e +e'* of gauge measuring b'oc6. Re*eat *a''et instrument. c+ange c.c'e at'east 3 times. Note t+e rea-ing at eac+ c+ange. Re*eat t+e *roce-ure for a'' t+e *a''ets t+e ma1. -ifference of t+ese rea-ings s+a'' be t+e measure-e%iation.

0.030

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