Unit 13 - Structure
Say, tell, speak and talk Indirect Speech I statements
Say, Tell, Speak and Talk
1.
Speak and Talk
How many languages does the President speak? (Quantas lnguas o presidente fala?)
Can I speak to Alexandre? (Posso falar com o Alexandre?)
Whos (= Who is) speaking? (Quem est falando?)
I dont want to speak/talk. Im just going to listen. (Eu no quero falar/conversar. S vou escutar.)
Turn off the TV. Lets talk. (Desliga a TV. Vamos conversar.)
In conclusion:
A. falar, usar palavras oralmente ou falar um certo idioma Speak
B. conversar, falar com/para uma ou mais pessoas: Talk
Lets practice!
A. Michael ______ three languages. Michael speaks three languages.
B. I want to _______ with you.
I want to talk with you.
2. Say
and Tell
Tell (Presente) > Told (Passado)
Say (Presente) > Said (Passado)
I want to say something.
(Eu quero dizer uma coisa.)
I want to tell you something. (Eu quero te dizer/falar/contar uma coisa) She told me to go home. (Ela me disse/falou para ir para casa.) And then she told him, I love you. (E ento ela disse para ele, I love you.)
She said, Go home!
(Ela disse/falou: - Vai para casa!)
And then she said, I love you.
(E ento ela disse/falou: - Eu te amo.)
In conclusion:
A. dizer/falar (algo). geralmente seguido de o que se diz/fala. Say
B. dizer,falar,contar a algum alguma coisa sempre seguido a quem se diz/fala/conta alguma coisa). Tambm usado para transmitir ordens. Tell
Lets practice!
A. She ____ me to visit the museum. She told me to visit the museum.
B. Steven _____, Im happy. Steven said Im happy.
What is indirect/reported speech?
Present time
Discurso direto I like ice cream .
Discurso indireto She says she likes ice cream. She says, I like ice cream.
Past time
Discurso direto I like ice cream .
Discurso indireto She said she liked ice cream.
Tenses/Actions
PRESENT PAST PRESENT CONTINUOS PAST
PAST PERFECT PAST CONTINUOUS
Tense
Direct Speech
Reported Speech She said (that) she liked ice cream. She said she was living in London. She said she had bought a car OR She said she bought a car. She said she had been walking along the street. She said she hadn't seen Julie. She said she had taken English lessons before.
present simple
I like ice cream
present continuous
I am living in London
past simple
I bought a car
past continuous
was walking along the I street I haven't seen Julie had taken English I lessons before
present perfect
past perfect*
will would* can could*
I'll see you later I would help, but.. I can speak perfect English I could swim when I was four
She said she would see me later. She said she would help but... She said she could speak perfect English. She said she could swim when she was four.
shall
should*
I shall come later
I should call my mother
She said she would come later.
She said she should call her mother
might*
"I might be late"
She said she might be late
She said she must study at the weekend OR She said she had to study at the weekend
must
"I must study at the weekend"
* doesnt change.
Indirect/Reported Speech - Characteristics
O tempo verbal muda (dando um passo atrs no tempo), caso o verbo da primeira orao estiver no passado.
Calvin: It really snowed last night. Simple Past) Calvin said that it had really snowed the night before. (Past Perfect)
Usa-se a conjuno that (que, em Portugus) em linguagem informal, mas omitida aps os verbos say, think e tell.
Calvin said (that) it had really snowed the night before.
Said to / Told
Calvin said to Hobbes, It really snowed last night! Calvin told Hobbes (that) it had really snowed the night before.
Relato dito em tempo presente, no h mudana no tempo verbal da frase relatada.
Calvin: it really snowed last night! Calvin says (that) it really snowed last night.
Afirmao sobre um fato ou uma situao que no mudou, que continua vlido no momento do relato, o tempo do discurso indireto poder mudar ou no.
Its a magical world, said Calvin Calvin said (that) its (or it was) a magical world.
Pronouns
I My This Here Now He/She His/Her That There Then
Adverbs
- That day Tomorrow - The next day Yesterday - The day before Tonight - That night Last week The week before
Today
Complete the sentences using reported speech.
Answer Key
1) The waiter said he would call the manager. 2) Jack said he had passed all his exams. 3) They said that we should get to the airport early.
Change the direct speech to reported speech.
Answer Key
2 He told me that they had lost the match. 3 He said that he had found the key. 6- She said I was so crowed. 7 He told him the police were coming.