CONTENTS
1.0 Scope
2.0 Design criteria
3.0 Deflection criteria
4.0 Load calculations
5.0 Design sheets
6.0 Annexure - STAAD Files
Loading pattern
a)For stability checks
1. 1.4 Dead load + 1.6 Live Load
2. 1.0 Dead load + 1.4 Wind load
3. 1.2 Dead load + 1.2 Live load + 1.2 Wind load
b).For serviceability conditions ( as per BS 5950 part-1 ;2.5)
1).
2).
1DL + .8 LL
1DL + .8 WL
6. MODELLING
The proposed canopy is modeled as a space frame using STAAD [Link] as shown
in the Figure below.. The supports are assumed as pinned. Now as per the appropriate
loadings calculation static analysis was carried out to obtain the design forces using STAAD
Pro.
X
Z
STADD Pro. Model of Structure
The arrangement consists of
Main ( Primary members) arranged in both directions steel section UB 356x171
x45 is used for this. Primary members are directly supported to the RCCpillars
( Min strength of RCC 30 N/mm2 is assumed) at site provided by the civil
contractor
Secondary members connected to main members are of steel tube section( Box)
100x150x5mm
6.1 Load Calculation for the frame .
Considering typical ( Bigger) panel of size 2.7x2.25
2.7m
2.25
Tributary area Horizonatl
= (2.7 ++0.25 )/2 x 1.125
= 1.77 m2
Tributary area Vertical
= ( 2.25/2x1.125
= 1.265m2
Considering typical smaller panel of size 2.25x1m
Tributary area
= 2.25x1/2 = 1.125 m2.
Dead load
1. The self wt of steel structure will be taken by STAAD pro
2. Self weight due to Aluminum panel3. (Unit weight of ACP
a. Load transferred from bigger panel (max) = 1.77x.004x14 = 14 KN/M
2.7
UDL
= .036 say .04KN/m
This UDL acts along beams G-G, H-H & E-E
b. Load transferred form smaller panel
UDL
1.125 x .004x14
2x2.25
= .015 KN/M
This UDL acts along all other beams except G-G,H-H & E-E
Imposed Load ( Ref BS Code 6399-part 3)
1. Since the accessibility is restricted to the roof, UDL of 0.6 KN/m2 is considered to
be acting .
a. Lad transferred form bigger panel ( UDL) = 1.77x0.6
2.7
= 0.39KN/m
Say 0.4 KN/m
This UDL is considered as acting on all the members ( to be on safer side)
Wind Load:
( From tributary area horizontal)
Design wind pressure
= 3.7KN/m2
Wind load per meter run on frame = 1.77x3.6/2.7
=2.36N/m
This UDL 2.36 KN/m acts along C-D portion (of A-A & B-B)
When load coming from either side UDL will be = 2x2.36 = 4.7KN/m
This UDL 4.7KN/m Acts along G-G & H-H
Wind load form Tributary area- Vertical
Wind load per meter run of frame
( UDL) = 1.265x 3.6 /2.25
= 2KN/m
This UDL 2 KN/m acts along C-C & D-D
When load coming from either side UDL will be = 2x2. = [Link]/m
This UDL 4 KN/m acts along E-E
All other beams are allocated a UDL of 2 KN/M
7.0 DESIGN OF FRAME WORK
The frame is analyzed and designed as shown using the software STAAD Pro.
101
31
217
21
130
129
128
32
127
126
125
16
70
189
188
187
33
186
185
11
69
118
117
116
34
115
114
113
6
35
68
36
65
172
171
170
169
168
167
64
209
208
207
206
205
63
166
165
164
163
162
161
62
216
100
27
218
109
160
22
98
23
51
24
142
141
158
140
157 37
42
47
139
156
138
155
137
112
108
204
93
17
18
19
194
203
193
202
192
201
38
43
48
191
200
190
111
107
124
12
13
14
92
136
123
135
122
134
121 39
44
49
133
120
132
119
131
110
106
91
8
45
30
46
159
40
215
28
41
105
184
183
182
181
180
179
104
214
213
212
211
210
103
178
177
176
175
174
173
102
50
3
88
154
56
25
153
152
151
52
57
150
149
97
87
199
20
198
197
196
53
58
195
96
86
148
15
147
146
145
54
59
144
143
95
85
10
55
99
Beam lay-out showing beam number of primary & secondary members
60
5
31
133
32
33
34
25
41
63 26
27
28
47
59
81
111
93
105
80
110
92
104
79
109
91
103
78
108
90
102
77
107
89
101
76
106
88
100
40
62 20
46
58
116
131
121
126
115
130
120
125
114
129
119
124
113
128
118
123
112
127
117
122
39
61 14
45
57
69
75
87
99
68
74
86
98
67
73
85
97
66
72
84
96
65
71
83
95
64
70
82
94
38
60 8
10
44
56
132
19
13
21
22
15
16
35
36
29
30
23
24
17
18
11
12
Beam lay-out showing Node numbers of primary & secondary members
From the STAAD Pro results attached with this Deflection is checked
Check for deflection
Deflections for the primary beams CD, GG HH are checked . From the STAAD results
node #21 shows a maximum displacement of 16.77 mm under serviceability load
combinations ( as per BS 5950 part-1 ;2.5) Node #21 comes along primary beam G-G
Max deflection under serviceability limit conditions
Length of beam G-G
= 8.1m
Allowable deflation
= L/200
=16.77mm
= 8100 mm
= 8100/200
=40.5mm > 16.77
Hence OK
Considering Beam E-E , which is the secondary beam containing Node #21 ,
Length of beam E-E
= 6.3m
Allowable deflation
= L/200
= 6300 mm
= 6300/200
=31.5mm > 16.77mm
Hence OK
Deflection for overhanging part of beams.
For 2.7 m long overhanging beams;
Maximum deflection occurs at Node 19 & 23 under serviceability limits = 12.58mm
Allowbale deflection
= L/180
= 2700/180 = 15mm > 12.58mm
Hence OK
Deflection for 1m long overhanging beams
Max deflection occurs at Node # 24 & 18
= 5.474mm
Allowable deflection
= 1000/180 = 5.55mm > 5.474
Hence OK
Deflection for 70cm overhang
Among node # 1,2,3,4 &5, node#1 has got max. deflection ie = 3.57mm
Allowable deflection
= 700/180
= 3.88mm > 3.57mm
Hence OK
Thus the deflection condition of main , secondary & overhanging beams are satisfied
7.1 Design of supports
Maximum direct force
The support arrangement consists of 12mm base plate 250mm dia connected to RCC
column through 16mm dia anchor bolts ( expected strength of RCC not less than
30N/mm2).
Maximum downward load acting at support = 83.23KN
Maximum upward force acting at support
= 139.9 KN
Check for base plate
Base plate is checked for 83.23 KN
Area of base plate
= 3.14/4 x(2502)
=49062.5mm2
Pressure transferred to RCC column through base plate = 83.23x1000/49062.5
= 1.69 N/mm2 (< 30N /mm2)
Considering a strip of unit width of base plate , max length=39.5mm
Max Bending Moment
= 1.69 x 39.52 = 1318 N-mm
2
Considering bending strength 275 N/mm2 for steel,
Moment capacity of 12mm thick base plate
= 275 x 1x123
6x12
= 6600 N-MM > 1318 N-MM
Hence safe
Check for Anchor Bolt
Anchor Bolt is checked for 139.9 KN
Providing 4 No anchor bolt of 16mm dia Direct tensile force to be taken by each bolt =
35KN
Providing 16mm dia steel Anchor bolt, load resisted by each bolt
= 275 x 3.14x162
4
= 55.26KN
Total load taken by 4 bolts
= 221 KN > 139.9
Hence bolt capacity is safe.
However for selection of Anchor bolt, manufacturers recommendations & exact site
conditions are to be considered before erecting.
Check for welded connection of beam to base plate
Design strength of filled weld = 220N/mm2
Length of weld = 150 x 2 = 300mm
Resistance offered 8mm thick fillet weld
= 0.707 x 8 x 300 x 220 x
1
1000
= 373KN > Upward load 139.9 KN
Hence safe.
7.5 Beam to beam connections
Connection between primary beams
In the beam grid diagram, considering the major beams using 356x171 x45, beams CC &
DD is to be continued as overhanging beams while erection. Beams CD,GG,HH &CD will
be connected to CC & DD .Also cantilever beams CA,CB,DA,DB and cantilever beams
emanating form G&H on either are connected to beams CC & DD using suitable connection
arrangements. The moments & force conditions of beams CC & DD is automatically
checked while the STAAD design process.
Hence form STAAD results the end forces & end moments of beam # 36,37,38,39,40,
51,52 ,53,54 & 55 are not considered here for connection design. The next largest end
forces & moments are considered for designing beam connections.
Max vertical force
= 32.98 KN
Maximum Moment
= 48.83 KN-M
Providing 200x150x 12mm angles brackets connected to the webs of connecting beams
using 20 mm dia steel connecting bolts as shown in figure below.
6 bolts in two sets are connected to web of main beam and 6 bolts in 1 set are provided to
the connecting beam.
Max shear force in on bolt due to direct load
= 32.98 / 6 = 5.5 KN
Shear Force induced in the force due to moment
48.83 x 0.154
(0.1542+ 2x0.072)
= 71.84KN
Resultant shear force
= (5.52+ 71.842)1/2
= 72 KN
Check for shear strength of bolt
Shear strength of bolt ( gr 4, conforming to Bs5950)
= 160 N/ mm2
Shear capacity of 20mm dia bolt
= ( 3.14 x202 /4 )x 160
1000
= 50.24 KN < 72 KN
Total moment capacity provided by bolted connection = 50.24 x6x (4x0.1542+ 2x0.072)
= 31.55KN-M
Additonal moment to be resisted
= 17.28 KN-M
On providing a splice joint using 12mm thick MS splice plate of size 200x100mm
connecting the Main beam & joining beam with 8mm thick fillet weld
Check for strength of weld
Ixx of section 356x171x45
Stress on weld
due to moment
Allowable strength of weld
= 12070 cm4
= 120.7 x106 mm4
= 17.28x106 x178 = 25.44 N/mm2
120.7x106
= 220 N/mm2 > 25.44 N/mm2, Hence Safe
Typical connection is to be provided for all 356x171x45 beam connections
Check for strength of Bolt on Main beam
Providing 6 Nos 20mm dia bolt as shown
Max shear force in on bolt (in connecting beam)
= 32.98 / 6 = 5.5 KN
= ( 3.14 x202 /4 )x 160
1000
Shear capacity of 20mm dia bolt
= 50.24 KN > 5.5 KN
Hence OK
Axial Force in bolt e to moment ( Tension)
48.83 x 0.162
= 68.19KN
2
(4x0.162 + 2x0.0692)
= 68.19 x1000 /(3.14/4x202)
Stress in bolt
= 217 N/mm2 < 240N/mm2
Check for combined shear & tension ( Bs-5950, [Link])
Fs + Fp
Ps Pt
5.5 x1000
314x220
68.19x1000 = 0.98 < 1.4
314x240
Hence safe.
Typical connection detail to be provided for all major beam joint ( 356x171x45 beams)
Connection details of minor beams ( 100x150x5 box )
End results of beams # 42,43,44 & 110 & considered for design of connections. Out of these
beam #43 has got maximum end force conditions.
Maximum shear force
= 8.34 KN
Max. Bending moment
= 4.55 KN-M
Providing
2 no 16 mm dia bolts on the box, the bolt will be subjected to double shear
Shear load on bolt due to direct shear = 8.34 = 2 KN
2x2
Shear load on bolt due to Moment
= 4.55 = 56.875 KN
0.08
Resultant shear force on bolts
= ( 22 + 56.8752)1/2 = 56.91 KN
Shear capacity of bolt
( Duble shear) = ( 2 x 3.14/4 x 162 ) x 220 = 88.42 KN > 56.91KN
1000
Hence safe
Provide typical connection detail for all box to box connections