DC Measuring Instruments
DC Measuring Instruments
DC Current Transducer Hybrid-Optical Measuring Device Zero Flux CT DC Voltage Divider
DC Current Measuring Device
Measurement on DC side for control, monitoring and Protection AC CTs cannot be used on DC side saturation DC current measuring devices DC shunt low value resistor mV drop from the shunt taken for determining the current To solve insulation problems electrical signals are converted to optical at the shunt and at control system converted to electrical Supply for the conversion process is obtained from the control panels in the form of optical power
DC Current Measuring Device
DC Current Measuring Device (OPTODYN) Lay out at HVDC Kolar
6 UdL
6 IdH
4 IdL Line 1
Pole1
4 UdN 2 IdN IdN 2 4 IdE IdE 4 UdN 4 Idee3 8 8 Idee1 Idee2 8 Current Measuring Devices 11Nos (4 HV+7 LV) Voltage Dividers 04 Nos ( 2 HV+2 LV) Electrode lines
Pole2
IdH 6 UdL 6
IdL 4
Line 2
DC Current Measuring Device
Measuring Shunt
Sensor Head Box
Hybrid-Optical Measuring Device
Composite Insulator incl. Fiber Optics
Connection Box
Functional Concept
Shunt Analog/ Digital Digital/ Optical Signal fibre Optical Digital Digital control/ protection system SIMADYN D
Id
Electrical Energy Optical Energy
Power fibre
Optical Energy Electrical Energy Power supply
Sensor Head at high voltage level Fibre optical cable
Control/ Protection system at ground level
Redundancy Concept
Complete redundancy from sensor head via FO cable to control/ protection equipment Only one Analog/ Digital conversion per signal path Direct digital signal processing
Sensor Head Shunt
Pole control System 1
Sensor Head
Pole control System 2
Sensor Head Id Sensor Head common composite insulator and fibre optic cable
Protection System 1
Protection System 2
high voltage level; switchyard
ground level; control building
Sensor Head Box with Sensors
Assembly of Shunt
Sensor OPTODYN
Analog Input Signal from Shunt Optical Data Link
Optical Power Supply Link
Zero-flux current transformer
The Zero-flux current transformer is a contact-free d.c. current measuring system consisting of a core and coil assembly and an electronics module. The core and coil assembly constitutes the measuring head which is placed around a current-carrying conductor. The measurement is based on a perfect ampere-turns balance in the measuring head. The accuracy is determined only by the burden resistor and the output amplifier, both located in the electronics module
DCCT Principle
Flux created from excitation, Primary DC current and cancellation add up Nonlinearity of BH curve creates distortion of sense current Second Harmonic is zero when no DC offset, i.e. cancellation equals Primary DC current
Flux Density B
Magnetic Field H
DCCT Basic Diagram
Harmonic Detector 2*f detector
Ferrite
A Excitation Cancellation Feedback
f=40kHz
Zero-flux current transformer
The measuring head comprises three cores, each having an auxiliary winding, N1, N2 and N3. A compensating winding, N4, is wound around all three cores. Any voltage induced in tertiary winding N3 as a result of a change of flux due to a primary-current variation is immediately compensated for by the power amplifier The core equipped with the auxiliary winding N1 is used as a detector of the magneto motive-force balance. By continuously sensing the ampere-turns balance, the drift of the power amplifier is cancelled out. The burden resistor converts the secondary current into a reference voltage
DC Measuring Devices
DC voltage divider
Capacitive & resistor divider circuit Drop across the resistor scaled for determining the voltage Optical conversion process is same as the current measuring device
DC Voltage Measurement
DC Voltage Measurement
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