ENGLISH GRAMMAR
The Past Simple
PAST SIMPLE FORM
The form of the past simple is the same for all persons (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they).
AFFIRMATIVE I You He She It We You They worked drank I You He She It We You They Contraction: did not = didnt did not work drink Did NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE I you he she it we you they work? drink?
Some verbs are regular, other are irregular.
The afrmative past simple of regular verbs ends in -ed:
work > worked play > played live > lived
When we add -ed to verbs, there are sometimes changes in spelling:
stop > stopped travel > travelled try > tried live > lived
Irregular verbs have different afrmative past simple forms:
see > saw come > came drink > drank
Alfonso Lpez Rodrguez
[Link]
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
The Past Simple
USE
We use the past simple to talk about actions and situations that happened in the past, often with expressions like ago, yesterday, last night, in 2005, etc...
I played football yesterday He lived in London from 1997 to 2005. Did you see Sarah yesterday?. No, I didnt We didnt go out last night. We stayed at home. They went to Spain on holiday last summer. Cristopher Colombus discovered America.
SPELLING RULES
Past simple affirmative V+ -ed With most verbs we add -ed:
walk > walked, finish > finished
+ -d With verbs ending with -e, we add -d: live > lived, phone > phoned y > -ied With verbs that end with a consonant + -y, we change the -y to -ied:
try > tried, apply > applied
Double consonant With verbs that end with a vowel + one consonant, we double the consonant:
stop > stopped, plan > planned, travel > travelled
Exceptions: We do not double the final consonant: 1.- When it is a -y or -w : stay > stayed 2.- When the last syllable is not stressed: listen > listened, open > opened
Alfonso Lpez Rodrguez
[Link]
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
The Past Simple
PRONUNCIATION OF THE -ED
The -ed ending can be pronounced in 3 different ways: /id/, /t/ or /d/. ! If the verb ends in the sound /t/ or /d/, you pronounce the -ed ending /id/. invite /invait/ invited /invaitid/ ! If the verb ends in a voiceless consonant sound apart from /t/, you pronounce the -ed ending /t/. stop /stop/ stopped /stopt/ ! If the verb ends in a voiced consonant sound apart from /d/, or a vowel, you pronounce the -ed ending /d/. call /ko:l/ called /ko:ld/ NOTE: ! Voiceless consonant sounds: /t/, /p/, /k/, /f/, /s/, / /,/ / or /t /
! Voiced consonant sounds: the rest /d/, /b/, /g/, /v/, /z/, / /, / /, /d /, /l/, /r/, /m/, /n/, / /
Alfonso Lpez Rodrguez
[Link]
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
The Past Simple
ACTIVITIES
1.- SPELLING RULES. Write the past simple of these verbs: 1. LIKE 3. LISTEN! 5. REVISE! _______________ _______________!! _______________!! 2. PLAY 4. CYCLE! ! 6. COPY! ! 8. START! ! 10. LIVE! ! 12. DANCE!! 14. FINISH ! 16. USE! ! 18. SAIL! ! 20. PLAN _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
7. PRACTISE ! _______________!! 9. WATCH! 11. COOK ! 13. HATE! 15. TIDY!! 17. NEED! 19. SLIP _______________!! _______________!! _______________!! _______________!! _______________!! _______________
2.- P R O N U N C I A T I O N : Write the past form of these verbs in the correct colum below:
discover crash laugh destroy survive jump worry need visit change travel introduce /t/ /d/ /id/
Alfonso Lpez Rodrguez
[Link]
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
The Past Simple
3.- REGULAR VERBS. Complete the sentences with the past simple of one of these verbs:
clean play die rain enjoy smoke nish start happen live open stay want watch
1. Yesterday evening I _________________ television. 2. I _________________ my teeth tree times yesterday. 3. Bernard _________________ 20 cigarettes yesterday evening. 4. The concert last night _________________ at 7.30 and _________________ at 10 oclock. 5. The accident _________________last Sunday afternoon. 6. When I was a child, I _________________ to be a adoctor. 7. Mozart _________________ from 1756 to 1791. 8. We _________________ our holiday last year. We _________________ at a very good hotel. 9. Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it _________________ . [Link] was hot in the room, so I _________________ the window. [Link] weather was good yesterday, so we _________________ tennis. [Link] Shakespeare _________________ in 1616.
4.- IRREGULAR VERBS. What did [Link] do yesterday?. Write the verbs in brackets in the past simple form.
Yesterday Mr. Bird (get up) _________________ at 6.45 and (have) _________________ a shower. Then he (have) _________________ tea and cornflakes for breakfast. He (leave) _________________ home at 7.55 and (go) _________________ to work by bus. He (take) _________________ the 8.05 bus and (get) _________________ to work at 8.30. He (have) _________________ lunch from 1.00 till 2.00 and (leave) _________________ work at 6.00 in the evening. When he (get) ________________ home, he (read) _________________ the newspaper. Then he (have) _________________ dinner at 7.15. After dinner he (take) _________________ his dog out for a walk. He (go) _________________ to bed at 10.30 exactly!.
Alfonso Lpez Rodrguez
[Link]
