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Influence Lines for Structural Analysis

The document discusses influence lines for statically determinate structures. Influence lines provide a systematic way to determine how forces in a structure vary with the position of a unit load. To construct influence lines, a unit load is placed at various positions along the structure and the resulting reactions, shears, or moments are calculated using statics. Influence lines for determinate structures consist of straight line segments. Several examples are provided to demonstrate how to construct influence lines for reactions, shears, moments, and forces in truss members.

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Hector Guillen
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31 views71 pages

Influence Lines for Structural Analysis

The document discusses influence lines for statically determinate structures. Influence lines provide a systematic way to determine how forces in a structure vary with the position of a unit load. To construct influence lines, a unit load is placed at various positions along the structure and the resulting reactions, shears, or moments are calculated using statics. Influence lines for determinate structures consist of straight line segments. Several examples are provided to demonstrate how to construct influence lines for reactions, shears, moments, and forces in truss members.

Uploaded by

Hector Guillen
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Structure Analysis I

Chapter 6

Influence Line for Statically y Determinate Structures

Influence lines
Influence lines provide a systematic procedure of how force in a given part of structure varies as the applied loads moves along l the h structure

Procedure for Analysis


Place a unit load at various locations locations, x along the member, and at each location use static to determine the value of the function ( Reaction, Shear, Moment) at the h specified ifi d point. i If the h IL for f a vertical i l force f reaction i at a point i on a beam is to be constructed, consider the reaction to be positive at the point when it acts upward on the beam If a shear or moment IL is to be drawn for a point, take the shear or moment at the point as +ve according to the same sign convention used for drawing shear and moment diagram. di

All statically determinate beams will have IL that consist of straight g line segments. g After some practice p one should be able to minimize computations and locate the unit load only y at points p representing p g the end points of each line segment

Example 1
Draw the IL for the Reaction at A

IL Equation

=0

Ay (10) + (10 x)(1) = 0


1 Ay = 1 10 x

Example 2
Draw the IL for the Reaction at B

Example 3
Draw the IL for the Shear at C

Load from A to C

Load > C

Example 4
Draw the IL for the Moment at C

Load from A to C

Load > C

Example 1
Draw the IL for the Shear & Moment at B

Example 2
Draw the IL for the Shear & Moment at C

0.5

Example 3
Internal Hinge Example Determine the shear & moment at point D

Example 3-Continue 3 Continue

Example 4
Determine the moment at C in the two cases

Case 1

I .L M c

M c = 6(1.25) + 10(2.5) = 32.5 kN .m

Case 2

I .L M c

M c = 6(2.5) + 10(1.25) = 27.5 kN .m

Qualitative Influence Lines

Example 5
Sketch the influence line for the vertical reaction at A

Example 6
Sketch the influence line for the shear at B

Example 6 6-b b
Sketch the influence line for the moment at B

Influence Line for Floor Girders

Example 7
Draw the influence line for the shear at panel CD

Example 8
Draw the influence line for the moment at F

Example 9
Truss Example Determine The force in member GB

FGB cos 45 = RE FGB = 1.41RE

f the for h second d part FGB cos 45 = RA FGB = 1.41RA

Example 10
Truss Example Determine The force in member GF, BF

= 0 40R D = FGF (17.3)

FGF = 2.3R D FBF cos 30 = R D FBF = 1.15 1 15R D

= 0 20R A = FGF (17.3)

FGF = 1.15 1 15R A FBF cos 30 = R A FBF = 1.15R A

Example p 11
Truss Example Determine The force in member CG

Example p 11

IL due to Series of Concentrated Loads

(V C )1 = 1(0.75) + 4(0.625) + 4(0.5) = 5.25k

( 0.125) ) + 4(0.75) ( ) + 4(0.625) ( ) = 5.375k (V C )2 = 1(

( ) + 4( ( 1.25) ) + 4(0.75) ( ) = 2.5k (V C )3 = 1(0)

2(7 5) + 4(6 4(6.5) 5) + 3(5 3(5.0) 0) = 56.0 56 0 k .ft ( M C )1 = 2(7.5) ( M C )2 = 2(4.5) + 4(7.5) + 3(6.0) = 57.0 k .ft ( M C )3 = 2(0) + 4(3.0) + 3(7.5) = 34.5 k .ft

Example p 12

Example p 13

( M B )max = 8(1.2) + 3(0.4) = 10.8 kN .m

Example p 14

Absolute Maximum Shear and Moment

Simply p Supported pp Beam

The location of Maximum Moment is at x x = 2

Example p 15

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