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Gasoline Direct Injection Overview

Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) uses direct injection of gasoline in the cylinder. This is a advancement in Spark ignition engine. This file gives basic idea and different terms associated with GDI. This document also compare carbuerator, port, MPFI and GDI. An example of GDI engine i.e. ford eccoboost engine is explained at the end.

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yk_maddy
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219 views15 pages

Gasoline Direct Injection Overview

Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) uses direct injection of gasoline in the cylinder. This is a advancement in Spark ignition engine. This file gives basic idea and different terms associated with GDI. This document also compare carbuerator, port, MPFI and GDI. An example of GDI engine i.e. ford eccoboost engine is explained at the end.

Uploaded by

yk_maddy
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction
  • Method of Mixture
  • Port Vs GDI Injection
  • GDI Mixture Formation
  • Emissions in GDI Engine
  • Existing GDI Engines
  • Future Trends
  • Case Study: Ford Ecoboost Engine
  • Conclusion
  • References

Gasoline Engine Requires.

Gasoline Air (Oxygen) Spark Energy .For Combustion.

Method of Mixture
Carburetor Single Point Injection (Throttle Body Injection) Multi Point Fuel injection (Port Injection) Gasoline Direct Injection

Port Vs GDI injection


Comparison for VW Passat Engine (2009)
Engine Type Swept volume Max. Power Max. Torque Mixture Fuel formation economy system (urban driving) L/100km PFI (port fuel injection) GDI (Gasoline direct injection) Fuel economy (highway driving) L/100km CO2 emission g/km

Gasoline engine

1.6 L

75 kW 5600 1/min

148 Nm 3800 1/min

10.5

6.0

179

TSI gasoline engine

1.4 L

90 kW 5000 - 5500 1/min

200 Nm 1500 - 4000 1/min

8.6

5.5

157

20% Higher

35% Higher

18% Lower

12% Lower

GDI : Mixture formation Modes


Homogeneous
At Full Load Early Injection
Fuel injected during Suction

A/F ratio = 15 to 20

Stratified
At Part Load Condition Late Injection
fuel injected during comp.

A/F ratio = 30 to 40

Stratified Charge Modes

GDI : Mixture formation Modes contd.

Emissions in GDI engine


As compared to MPFI engine.
Emission Trend
CO HC Soot (Lean mix. Operation at part load) (Wall wetting and Cold start) Negligible (Only During Stratified operation)

Control
TWC TWC --

NOX
CO2

(High temp. at Full Load)


(Better fuel efficiency)

TWC+ NOX storage type Converter + EGR


--

Existing GDI engines


[Link]. 1. Company FORD GDI Engines Eco-Boost: 1L,1.5L,1.6L,2L,3.5L

2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Alfa Romeo
Mitsubishi Nissan Mazda Hyundai Chrysler

Jet Thrust Stoichiometric 1.9L,2L,2.2L,3.2L 4G9 1.8L, 2L


NEO-Di 2.5L, 3.5L VK56VD 5.6LV8 SKY-G 1.3L,2.2L SKYACTIV-G 1.3L,1.5L,2L,2.5L Theta II 2L World Engine - 1.8/2.0/2.4L

Future Trends
Use stratified charge at higher load and torque demand Reduce HC emissions by reducing wall wetting Turbocharged GDI Multi-injection with Piezo injector Optimization for Reduced Nox formation Reduce cost of engine

Case Study: Ford Ecoboost Engine


Turbocharged GDI Developed by Ford + FEV
1L,1.5L,1.6L,2L,3.5L

20% Better Fuel Effi. And 15% less CO2 Power and torque similar to larger NA engine Engine of the Year 2012 and 2013 2million engines built

Case Study: Ford Ecoboost Engine

Conclusion
Pros
Improved fuel efficiency Better torque performance Reduced CO2 emission

Cons/limitations
Increased Nox Cost

References
Mark Sellnau, James Sinnamon, Kevin Hoyer and Harry Husted (2011).

Gasoline Direct Injection Compression Ignition (GDCI) - Diesel-like


Efficiency with Low CO2 Emissions, SAE 2011-01-1386. Mustafa Bahattin elik and Bulent Ozdalyan (2010). Gasoline Direct

Injection, Fuel Injection, Daniela Siano (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-116-9.


Heywood J. B., Internal Combustion Engines Fundamentals, McGraw Hill Book, 2000, India.

Stone R., Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines, SAE, Inc., 1999.


Website 1: [Link]

Gasoline Engine Requires…. • Gasoline • Air (Oxygen) • Spark Energy ….For Combustion.
Method of Mixture • Carburetor • Single Point Injection (Throttle Body Injection) • Multi Point Fuel injection (Port Injectio
Port Vs GDI injection Engine Type Swept volume Max. Power Max. Torque Mixture formation system Fuel economy (urban driv
GDI : Mixture formation Modes • Homogeneous – At Full Load – Early Injection • Fuel injected during Suction – A/F ratio = 15
Stratified Charge Modes
GDI : Mixture formation Modes contd….
Emissions in GDI engine • As compared to MPFI engine…. Emission Trend Control CO (Lean mix. Operation at part load) TWC HC (
Existing GDI engines Sr.No. Company GDI Engines 1. FORD Eco-Boost: 1L,1.5L,1.6L,2L,3.5L 2. Alfa Romeo Jet Thrust Stoichiometr
Future Trends • Use stratified charge at higher load and torque demand • Reduce HC emissions by reducing wall wetting • Turb

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