General
Form
Slope-Intercept
Form
Point-Slope
Form
Quadratic
Function
ax
+
by
+
c
=
0
y
=
mx
+
b
y
y1
=
m
(x
x1)
f(x)
=
ax2
+bx
+c
Vertex
b 4ac b 2 , 2 a 4 a
Axis
of
Symmetry
Standard
Form
b x= 2a
f(x)
=
a(x
h)2
+
k
,
a
0.
f ( x) =
Rational
Function
Exponential
Function
Logarithmic
Function
Cost
Function
Revenue
Function
Profit
Function
Break-Even
Analysis
Rule
1.
The
limit
of
a
constant
function
at
any
number
is
equal
to
its
constant
value.
Rule
2.
If
f
is
a
linear
function,
then
Rule
3.
The
limit
of
a
constant
multiple
of
a
function
is
equal
to
the
product
of
the
constant
and
the
limit
of
the
function
Rule
4.
The
limit
of
a
sum
is
the
sum
of
limits.
f(x)
=
ax
p( x) q( x)
TC
(x)
=
vx
+
FC(x)
TR
(x)
=
px
P(x)
=
TR
(x)
TC(x)
TR(x)
=
TC(x),
and
P(x)
=
0.
lim k = k
xa
xa
lim f ( x) = lim(mx + b) = ma + b
xa
lim kg( x ) = k lim g( x)
xa xa
lim [ f ( x) + g( x)] = lim f ( x) + lim g( x)
xa xa xa
Rule
5.
The
limit
of
a
lim f ( x) g ( x) = lim f ( x) lim g ( x) product
is
the
xa xa xa
product
of
the
limits.
Rule
6.
The
limit
of
n n lim f ( x) = lim f ( x) the
nth
power
of
a
x a xa
function
is
the
nth
power
of
the
limit
of
the
function.
Rule
7.
The
limit
of
a
sum
is
the
sum
of
xa xa xa
limits.
Rule
8.
The
limit
of
n n the
nth
root
of
a
th x a x a function
is
the
n
root
of
the
limit
of
the
function.
The
limit
of
a
product
is
the
product
of
the
limits.
Derivatives
Constant
Function
If
f
(x)
=
k,
then
f
(x)
=
0.
Power
Function
If
f
(x)
=
xn,
then
f
(x)
=
nxn
1.
Constant
Multiple
of
a
If
f
(x)
=
kg(x),
then
f
(x)
=
kg
(x).
Function
Sum
and
Difference
of
Dx
[f(x)
g(x)]
=
f
(x)
g
(x).
Two
Functions
Product
of
Two
Dx
[f(x)
g(x)]
=
f
(x)
g(x)
+
f
(x)
g(x)
Functions
Quotient
of
Two
f ( x) g ( x) f ' ( x) f ( x) g ' ( x) Functions
D' , g( x) 0 = 2
)(
lim [ f ( x) + g( x )] = lim f ( x ) + lim g( x)
lim
f ( x) = lim f ( x)
Generalized
Power
Function
Exponential
Function
g ( x)
[g ( x)]
D' [ f ( x)] = n[ f ( x)]
n 1
If
y
=
au,
where
u
is
a
differentiable
function
of
x,
dy = a x ln a If
a
>
0
and
y
=
ax,
then
dx
f ' ( x)
du Dx a u = a u ln a dx
then
[ ]
dy d (e x ) = = ex dx If
a
=
e,
then
ln
e
=
1
and
dx
dy d (eu ) du = = eu dx dx
If
y
=
eu,
then
dx
y = log a x dy 1 = dx x ln a
If
a
>
0
and
a
1
then
If
y
=
au,
where
u
is
a
differentiable
function
of
x,
Marginal
Cost
Function
Marginal
Revenue
Function
Marginal
Profit
Function
du Dx a u = a u ln a dx
then
dy 1 = dx x
If
a
=
e,
then
y
=
ln
x
d (ln u ) 1 du = u dx u dx
If
y
=
e ,
then
[ ]
TC
(x)
=
MC(x)
TR
(x)
=
MR(x)
P(x)
=
TR(x)
TC(x)
+
Concave
Up
-
Concave
Down
Antidifferentiation
Power
Rule
Constant
Constant
Multiple
Rule
Sum
and
Difference
Rules
adx = ax + c
n +1 x x n dx = + C if n 1 n +1
kf ( x)dx = k f ( x)dx
( f g ) dx = fdx gdx
Total
Cost
Function
:
TC(x)
=
VCx
+
FC
Marginal
Cost
Function:
MC(x)
=
TC(x)
TC ( x) = MC( x)dx =VCx + FC
Total
Revenue
Function
:
TR(x)
=
px
Marginal
Revenue
Function:
MR(x)
=
TR(x)
TR( x) = MR( x)dx = px + C = px
a f ( x) dx = F (b) F (a)