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CNC Router Basics and Programming Guide

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The document provides an introduction to CNC routing and the ShopBot CNC router. It discusses key terminology like CAD, CAM, and CNC and explains the basic components and functions of a CNC …

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  • Intro to the CNC Router
  • Applications of CNC Routing
  • Design
  • Manufacture
  • Toolpaths
  • ShopBot Operations

AS220Labs

IntrototheCNCRouter
BasicsTerminology&Understanding
CNC(ComputerNumericalControl)istheprocessofusingcomputercodetocontrol amachine. CAD(ComputerAidedDesign)isacomputerprogramthatallowsyoutodesignyour physicalparts.Thiscanbeforboth2Dand3Dparts. CAM(ComputerAidedManufacturing)isacomputerprogramthatdirectlycontrols andgivesinstructionstoamachine. ThebestwaytothinkaboutthesetermsisthattheCADprogramdesignstheinstructions fortheCAMprogramtosendtotheCNCmachine. CNCRouterisaspecifictypeofCNCmachineforcuttingandengravingvarious [Link]. [Link] typesoftools,eachoneisintendedforadifferentapplication.

[Link] [Link] arethreemaincomponentstothisassembly. 1. Collarthreadsontothespindle,securestoolandcollettothemachine. 2. Colletspringcontainerthatholdsthetools,itlocksintothecollar. 3. Tooltheactualcuttingtoolwhichisplacedintothecollet.

[Link] [Link] [Link] [Link]

discusstoolpathslaterinthecourse.

ApplicationsofCNCRouting
Cabinetmaking Furniture/Woodworking Signmaking Boatbuilding InstrumentMaking Manufacturing&Production Interior&Creative Printmaking ArchitecturalMillwork Construction MachiningAluminum Prototyping&Modeling Exhibits Education

TheShopBot
PRSstandard9648CNCRouter
TotalCuttingArea:96"x48"x6" StepResolution:.0006

TableOrientation

Design
[Link] [Link] [Link] shapeorobject. Remembertheformulafortheareaofacircle? r2 ? No?Okay,wellsufficeittosaythatvectorgraphicsareallcomposedofcomplicated [Link] infiniteresolution,[Link] yourmachine,withoutityoumachinewouldhavenoideawheretogoorwhattodo. TherearemanydifferenttypesofVectorDesign/CADprograms,hereafewpopularprograms: Inkscape(Free) AdobeIllustratorCS6($20/month) AutoDeskAutoCAD($4,195)

Ifyouhaveneverdesignusingacomputerbefore,werecommendthatyouuseInkscape, becauseitsfree,andjustasusefulastheotherprogramsthatcostmoney.

Toolpaths
Afteryoufinishdesigningyourfile,[Link] foundthatwhenworkingwithInkscapeorIllustrator,PDFsworknicelywiththeShopBot Software.

PartWorks
[Link] softwarespecifictoonlyShopBotmachines,sowemustusethistocreateamachinableor CAMfilethattheShopBotcanunderstand. Therearethreemainstepsyoumustdobeforeyoucansendyourfiletothemachine. [Link] Inthissection,youwillspecifythesizeofyourmaterial(ex:4x8xplywood).Thisisavery importantstep,[Link]

specifywhereyouwillZerothemachineout(eitheracornerorthecenter). [Link]/CloseOpenVectors Aftersettingupyourmaterial,youwillimportyourvectors(storedinthePDFfileyouvecreated). Placethemwithinyourdocument(material),makesureallthepartsareplacedontheareaof [Link],Iwillgo overthislaterinthecourse. [Link] Thisisthefinalstep,youwillnowselectyourvectorsandspecifyoneofthefollowingtoolpaths. Profileprofiletoolpathsareforcuttingalongaline,usuallytocutoutapartfromyour material. Pocketpockettoolpathsareusedtohollowoutorrouteaclosedareainyourmaterial. DrillingdrilltoolpathswilldrillholeswhereyouhavespecifiedeitheracircleoranX.

AfteryouvecreatedyourParthWorksfile,[Link] [Link] runyourjob,sodoublecheckeverythingandcloselyexaminethepreview.

Manufacture
YouwillsaveyourPartWorksfile(.crv),[Link] needtoexportaShopBotPartFile(.sbp).Thisisthemachinegcodefilethatiscomposedof [Link] jobs,buttheydifferbasedontheManufacturerandCAMsoftwareusedtooperatethemachine.

ShopBot
[Link] themachinearoundthetable,zerooutonourmaterial,[Link] step,youwillhavetogothroughthefollowingchecklist. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. TurnOnMachine(RedSwitch) ZeroX&YAxistoYourMaterial LoadToolintoSpindle ZeroZAxiswithZeroPlate MakesureRouterTableisclear

6. TurnonSpindlewithKey 7. TurnonDustCollector 8. LoadPartFileandStartJob

AS220 Labs Intro to the CNC Router Basics Terminology & Understanding CNC ( Computer Numerical Control ) ­ is the process of 
discuss toolpaths later in the course. Applications of CNC Routing ● Cabinetmaking ● Furniture/Woodworking ● Signmaking ● Boa
Design You will design your project files with a vector design program. Inkscape is an open source vector design program that
specify where you will Zero the machine out (either a corner or the center). 2. Import and Check Vectors / Close Open Vectors
6. Turn on Spindle with Key 7. Turn on Dust Collector 8. Load PartFile and Start Job

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