Name of Institution
Amity School of Engineering & Technology B. Tech, Dual Degree, Sem IV Electrical Machines BTM405 Sudhanshu Singh
Example
Name of Institution
A 208-V, 10hp, four pole, 60 Hz, induction motor has a full-load slip of 5 percent 1. What is the synchronous speed of this motor? 2. What is the rotor speed of this motor at rated load? 3. What is the rotor frequency of this motor at rated load? 4. What is the shaft torque of this motor at rated load?
Solution
1. 2.
nsync 120 f e 120(60) = = = 1800 rpm P 4
Name of Institution
nm = (1 s )ns = (1 0.05) 1800 = 1710 rpm
3. f r = sf e = 0.05 60 = 3Hz 4.
load =
Pout m 2 nm 60 10 hp 746 watt / hp = = 41.7 N .m 1710 2 (1/ 60) = Pout
Equivalent Circuit
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When the rotor is locked (or blocked), i.e. s =1, the largest voltage and rotor frequency are induced in the rotor, Why? On the other side, if the rotor rotates at synchronous speed, i.e. s = 0, the induced voltage and frequency in the rotor will be equal to zero, Why?
ER = sER 0
Where ER0 is the largest value of the rotors induced voltage obtained at s = 1(locked rotor)
Example
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A 480-V, 60 Hz, 50-hp, three phase induction motor is drawing 60A at 0.85 PF lagging. The stator copper losses are 2 kW, and the rotor copper losses are 700 W. The friction and windage losses are 600 W, the core losses are 1800 W, and the stray losses are negligible. Find the following quantities: 1. The air-gap power PAG. 2. The power converted Pconv. 3. The output power Pout. 4. The efficiency of the motor.
Solution
1.
Pin = 3VL I L cos = 3 480 60 0.85 = 42.4 kW
Name of Institution
PAG = Pin PSCL Pcore = 42.4 2 1.8 = 38.6 kW
Pconv = PAG PRCL
2.
700 = 38.6 = 37.9 kW 1000 Pout = Pconv PF &W
3.
600 = 37.9 = 37.3 kW 1000
Solution
37.3 Pout = = 50 hp 0.746
Name of Institution
4.
Pout 100% Pin
37.3 = 100 = 88% 42.4
Example
Name of Institution
A 460-V, 25-hp, 60 Hz, four-pole, induction motor has the following impedances in ohms per phase referred to the stator circuit: R1= 0.641 R2= 0.332 X1= 1.106 X2= 0.464 XM= 26.3 The total rotational losses are 1100 W and are assumed to be constant. The core loss is lumped in with the rotational losses. For a rotor slip of 2.2 percent at the rated voltage and rated frequency, find the motors 1. Speed 2. Stator current 3. Power factor
4. Pconv and Pout 5. ind and load 6. Efficiency
Solution
nsync 120 f e 120 60 = = = 1800 rpm 4 P
Name of Institution
1.
nm = (1 s )nsync = (1 0.022) 1800 = 1760 rpm R2 0.332 2. Z 2 = s + jX 2 = 0.022 + j 0.464 = 15.09 + j 0.464 = 15.11.76
Zf =
1 1 = 1/ jX M + 1/ Z 2 j 0.038 + 0.0662 1.76
1 = = 12.9431.1 0.0773 31.1
Solution
Z tot = Z stat + Z f = 0.641 + j1.106 + 12.9431.1 = 11.72 + j 7.79 = 14.0733.6
Name of Institution
4600 V 3 I1 = = = 18.88 33.6 A Z tot 14.0733.6
3. PF = cos 33.6 = 0.833 lagging 4. Pin = 3VL I L cos = 3 460 18.88 0.833 = 12530 W
PSCL = 3I12 R1 = 3(18.88) 2 0.641 = 685 W
PAG = Pin PSCL = 12530 685 = 11845 W
Solution
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Pconv = (1 s ) PAG = (1 0.022)(11845) = 11585 W
Pout = Pconv PF &W = 11585 1100 = 10485 W 10485 = 14.1 hp = 746 PAG 11845 = = sync 2 1800
10485 = = m 2 1760 Pout
ind
= 62.8 N.m 60 = 56.9 N.m
5.
load
60
Pout 10485 6. = Pin 100% = 12530 100 = 83.7%