WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC SIMPLE PRESENT TENSES FORM [VERB] + s/es in third person Exp: You speak English?
sh? Do you speak English? You do not speak English?
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Complete List of Simple Present Forms Most Verbs Most verbs conjugate like the verb "run" below. Notice how you add an "s" to thirdperson forms. Third-person negative forms and third-person questions are made using "does." Positive I run. You run. We run. They run. He runs. She runs. runs Negative
Question
I do not run. You do not run. We do not run. They do not run. He does not run. She does not run. It does not run.
Do I run? Do you run? Do we run? Do they run? Does he run? Does she run? Does it run?
Instead of "s," "es" is added to positive, third-person forms of verbs ending with the following sounds: s, z, sh, ch, j or zs (as in Zsa Zsa). These special "es"-forms have been marked below with an asterisk*.
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC Positive
WEEK 3 Negative
Question
I rush. You rush. We rush. They rush. He rushes. * She rushes. * It rushes. *
I do not rush. You do not rush. We do not rush. They do not rush. He does not rush. She does not rush.
Do I rush? Do you rush? Do we rush? Do they rush? Does he rush? Does she rush? Does it rush?
It does not rush.
Positive
Negative
Question
I rush. You rush. We rush. They rush. He rushes. * She rushes. * It rushes. *
I do not rush. You do not rush. We do not rush. They do not rush. He does not rush. She does not rush.
Do I rush? Do you rush? Do we rush? Do they rush? Does he rush? Does she rush? Does it rush?
It does not rush.
To Have The verb "have" is irregular in positive, third-person forms. This irregular form has been marked below with an asterisk*.
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC Positive
WEEK 3 Negative
Question
I have. You have. We have. They have. He has. * She has. * It has. *
I do not have. You do not have. We do not have. They do not have. He does not have. She does not have.
Do I have? Do you have? Do we have? Do they have? Does he have? Does she have? Does it have?
It does not have.
To Be The verb "be" is irregular in the Simple Present. It also has different question forms and negative forms. Positive
Negative am not. are not. are not. are not. is not. is not. is not
Question
I am. You are. We are. They are. He is. She is. It is.
Am I? Are you? Are we? Are they? Is he? Is she? Is it?
Modal Verbs Modal verbs behave differently from other verbs. Notice that they do not take "s" in the third person - there is no difference between first-person, second-person or thirdperson forms. Like the verb "be" described above, modal verbs also have different question forms and negative forms in Simple Present
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC Positive
WEEK 3 Negative
Question
I should go. You should go. We should go. They should go. He should go. She should go. It should go.
I should not go. You should not go. We should not go. They should not go.
Should I go? Should you go? Should we go? Should they go? Should he go? Should she go? Should it go?
He should not go. She should not go. It should not go.
USE 1 Repeated Actions
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do. Examples:
I play tennis. She does not play tennis. Does he play tennis? The train leaves every morning at 8 AM. The train does not leave at 9 AM. When does the train usually leave? She always forgets her purse. He never forgets his wallet. Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun. Does the Sun circle the Earth?
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC
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USE 2 Facts or Generalizations
The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things. Examples:
Cats like milk. Birds do not like milk. Do pigs like milk? California is in America. California is not in the United Kingdom. Windows are made of glass. Windows are not made of wood. New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue.
USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Future
Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well. Examples:
The train leaves tonight at 6 PM. The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM. When do we board the plane? The party starts at 8 o'clock. When does class begin tomorrow?
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC
WEEK 3
USE 4 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs. Examples:
I am here now. She is not here now. He needs help right now. He does not need help now. He has his passport in his hand. Do you have your passport with you?
ADVERB PLACEMENT The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc. Examples:
You only speak English. Do you only speak English?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE Examples:
Once a week, Tom cleans the car. (Active) Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. (Passive)
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC PROGRESSIVE TENSES
WEEK 3
The progressive tenses are the six tenses in English which show continuous or repeated actions. Sometimes the past progressive is called the imperfect. The six progressive tenses correspond to the three basic and three perfect tenses. They are formed by the appropriate basic or perfect tense of the verb to be followed by the present participle. Present Progressive: I am coming.
Past Progressive:
I was coming.
Future Progressive:
I will be coming.
Present Perfect Progressive:
I have been coming.
Past Perfect Progressive: I had been coming.
Future Perfect Progressive:
I will have been coming.
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC
WEEK 3
Present progressive
Future perfect progressive
Past progressive
Progressive Tenses
Past perfect progressive
Future progressive
Present perfect progressive
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC Present Progressive = am + (base form + -ing) : I am working. OR is + (base form + ing) : She is eating. OR are + (base form + -ing) : We are studying. 1. A planned activity.
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Exp: Sofia is starting school at CEC tomorrow 2. An activity that is occurring right now. Exp: Jan is watching TV right now. 3. An activity that is in progress, although not actually occurring at the time of speaking. Exp: Sara is learning English at CEC.
Past Progressive = was + (base form + -ing) : I was working. OR were + (base form + -ing) : They were eating.
1. A past activity in progress while another activity occurred. Exp: a) At 6:00 yesterday I was eating dinner. b) The phone rang while I was eating. 2. Two past activities in progress at the same time. Exp: While I was answering the phone, my wife was cooking dinner.
Future Progressive
1. An activity that will be in progress.
= will be + (base form + -ing): I will Exp: Tomorrow Sam will be studying for the test be working. He will be eating. on Unit 1.
Present Perfect Progressive = have + (base form + -ing): I have been working. OR has + (base form + -ing): She has been eating.
1. This tense emphasizes the duration of an activity that began in the past and continues into the present. It often uses time words or phrases. It may be used to refer to continuing activity that is recent.
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC Exp:
WEEK 3
a) He has been painting houses all summer. b)Ive been studying English for 2 years. 2. It may be used to refer to continuing activity that is recent. Exp: He has been going to school at CEC.
Past Perfect Progressive = had + (base form + -ing) : I had been working. He had been eating.
Exp: a) When the teacher arrived, I had been waiting almost 10 minutes. b) He was out of breath because he had been running to catch the bus.
Future Perfect Progressive = will have + (base form + -ing): I will have been working. She will have been eating. This tense emphasizes the duration of a continuing activity in the future that ends before another activity or time in the future.
Exp: a) By 2003 Janet will have been studying English at CEC for 3 years. b) By 9:45 tonight I will have been sitting in class for 2 hours and 45 minutes.
WAJ 3102 1 PISMP PC PERFECT TENSES
WEEK 3
The three perfect tenses in English are the three verb tenses which show action already completed. (The word perfect literally means "made complete" or "completely done.") They are formed by the appropriate tense of the verb to have plus the past participle of the verb. Present Perfect: (Present tense of to have plus participle. Action is completed with respect to the present.) Exp: I have seen it.
Past Perfect:
Exp: I had seen it.
(Past tense of to have plus participle. Action is completed with respect to the past.)
Future Perfect:
Exp: I will have seen it.
(Future tense of to have plus participle. Action is completed with respect to the future.)
Some authorities consider the passive voice of certain verbs that are always intransitive to be the perfect tense also. Example: They are gone. Example: He is risen.