MODUL5
PROSEDURANALISISDENGANANSYS
Dalammerancangsuatuproduk,[Link] [Link] memastikanbahwaterganganmaksimumyangterjaditidakbolehlebihbesardari [Link]. Selainitujugaperludiketahuiperpindahan(defleksi)agarpenyimpangangeometri yangdiijinkandapatdikontrol. ANSYSadalahpaketprogramyangbanyakdipakaiuntukmenganalisisstrukturyang [Link] menganalisissebuahstruktur.
[Link] ThisisthebeginningofPreprocessing. A. Step1:Definerectangles. ThereareseveralwaystocreatethemodelgeometrywithinANSYS,somemore [Link] easilywithcombinationsofrectanglesandcirclePrimitives. Decidewheretheoriginwillbelocatedandthendefinetherectangleandcircle [Link],usethe [Link].
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[Link],thisoriginis calledtheglobalorigin. 1. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Areas>Rectangle>By Dimensions 2. Enterthefollowing: X1=0(Note:PresstheTabkeybetweenentries) X2=6 Y1=1
Y2=1
3. Applytocreatethefirstrectangle. 4. Enterthefollowing: X1=4 X2=6 Y1=1
Y2=3 5. OKtocreatethesecondrectangleandclosethedialogbox.
A. Step2:Changeplotcontrolsandreplot. Theareaplotshowsbothrectangles,whichareareas,[Link] clearlydistinguishbetweenareas,[Link]"Plot NumberingControls"dialogboxontheUtilityMenucontrolshowitemsare [Link],a"replot"isautomatically
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[Link] lastplottingoperationthatoccurred(inthiscase,anareaplot). 1. UtilityMenu>PlotCtrls>Numbering 2. Turnonareanumbers. 3. OKtochangecontrols, closethedialogbox,and replot.
Beforegoingtothenextstep,savetheworkyouhavedonesofar. [Link] savethatdatabasetoafile,usetheSAVEoperation,availableasa [Link] [Link],you canspecifyajobnameatthatpoint(thedefaultjobnameisfile).You cancheckthecurrentjobnameatanytimebychoosingUtility Menu>List>Status>[Link] databaseatspecificmilestonepointsintheanalysis(suchasafter themodeliscomplete,orafterthemodelismeshed)bychoosing UtilityMenu>File>SaveAsandspecifyingdifferentjobnames ([Link],[Link],etc.). Itisimportanttodoanoccasionalsavesothatifyoumakeamistake, [Link] modelusingtheRESUMEoperation,alsoavailableontheToolbar. (YoucanalsofindSAVEandRESUMEontheUtilityMenu,under File.) 4. Toolbar:SAVE_DB.
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A. Step3:Changeworkingplanetopolarandcreatefirstcircle. Thenextstepinthemodelconstructionistocreatethehalfcircleateach [Link] combinethecirclesandrectangleswithaBoolean"add"operation (discussedinstep5.).Tocreatethecircles,youwilluseanddisplaythe [Link] rectanglesbutitwasnotnecessary. Beforeyoubeginhowever,first"zoomout"withintheGraphicsWindowso [Link] "PanZoomRotate"dialogbox,aconvenientgraphicscontrolboxyoulluse ofteninanyANSYSsession. 1. UtilityMenu>PlotCtrls>Pan,Zoom, Rotate 2. Clickonsmalldotoncetozoomout. 3. Closedialogbox. 4. UtilityMenu>WorkPlane>Display WorkingPlane(toggleon)
Noticetheworkingplaneoriginis immediatelyplottedintheGraphicsWindow. ItisindicatedbytheWXandWYsymbols rightnowcoincidentwiththeglobaloriginX [Link] typetopolar,changethesnapincrement, anddisplaythegrid. 5. UtilityMenu>WorkPlane>WPSettings 6. ClickonPolar. 7. ClickonGridandTriad. 8. Enter.1forsnapincrement. 9. OKtodefinesettingsandclosethedialog
box.
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10. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling> Create>Areas>Circle>SolidCircle Besuretoreadpromptbeforepicking. 11. Pickcenterpointat: WPX=0(inGraphicsWindowshownbelow) WPY=0 12. Movemousetoradiusof1andclickleft buttontocreatecircle.
13. OKtoclosepickingmenu. 14. Toolbar:SAVE_DB.
Note Whileyouarepositioningthecursorforpicking,the"dynamic"WPXandY [Link],asan alternativetopicking,youcantypethesevaluesalongwiththeradiusinto thedialogbox
A. Step4:Moveworkingplaneandcreatesecondcircle. Tocreatethecircleattheotherendofthebracketinthesamemanner,you [Link] waytodothiswithoutenteringnumberoffsetsistomovetheWPtoan averagekeypointlocationbypickingthekeypointsatthebottomcornersof thelower,rightrectangle. 1. UtilityMenu>WorkPlane>OffsetWPto>Keypoints 2. Pickkeypointatlowerleftcornerofrectangle. 3. Pickkeypointatlowerrightofrectangle.
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4. OKtoclosepickingmenu.
5. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Areas>Circle> SolidCircle 6. Pickcenterpointat: WPX=0 WPY=0 7. Movemousetoradiusof1andclickleftbuttontocreatecircle.
8. OKtoclosepickingmenu.
9. Toolbar:SAVE_DB.
A. Step5:Addareas. Nowthattheappropriatepiecesofthemodelaredefined(rectanglesand circles),youneedtoaddthemtogethersothemodelbecomesone [Link]. 1. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Operate> Booleans>Add>Areas 2. PickAllforallareastobeadded.
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3. Toolbar:SAVE_DB.
A. Step6:Createlinefillet. 1. UtilityMenu> PlotCtrls>Numbering 2. Turnonlinenumbering. 3. OKtochangecontrols, closethedialogbox, andautomatically replot.
4. UtilityMenu>WorkPlane>DisplayWorkingPlane(toggleoff)
5. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Lines>Line Fillet 6. Picklines17and8.
7. OKtofinishpickinglines(inpickingmenu).
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8. Enter.4astheradius. 9. OKtocreatelinefilletandclosethedialogbox. 10. UtilityMenu>Plot>Lines
A. Step7:Createfilletarea. 1. UtilityMenu>PlotCtrls>Pan,Zoom,Rotate 2. ClickonZoombutton. 3. Movemousetofilletregion,clickleftbutton,movemouse outandclickagain.
4. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Areas> Arbitrary>ByLines 5. Picklines4,5,and1.
6. OKtocreateareaandclosethepickingmenu. 7. ClickonFitbutton. 8. ClosethePan,Zoom,Rotatedialogbox.
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9. UtilityMenu>Plot>Areas
10. Toolbar:SAVE_DB.
A. Step8:Addareastogether. 1. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling> Operate>Booleans>Add>Areas 2. PickAllforallareastobeadded.
3. Toolbar:SAVE_DB.
A. Step9:Createfirstpinhole. 1. UtilityMenu>WorkPlane>DisplayWorkingPlane(toggleon)
2. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Areas>Circle> SolidCircle 3. Pickcenterpointat: WPX=0(inGraphicsWindow) WPY=0 4. Movemousetoradiusof.4(showninthepickingmenu)andclickleft buttontocreatecircle. 5. OKtoclosepickingmenu.
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A. Step10:Moveworkingplaneandcreatesecondpinhole. 1. UtilityMenu>WorkPlane>OffsetWPto>GlobalOrigin 2. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Create>Areas>Circle>Solid Circle 3. Pickcenterpointat: WPX=0(inGraphicsWindow) WPY=0 4. Movemousetoradiusof.4(showninthepickingmenu)andclickleft mousebuttontocreatecircle. 5. OKtoclosepickingmenu. 6. UtilityMenu>WorkPlane>DisplayWorkingPlane(toggleoff) 7. UtilityMenu>Plot>Replot
Fromthisareaplot,itappearsthatoneofthepinholeareasisnotthere. However,itisthere(asindicatedbythepresenceofitslines),youjust can'[Link] [Link] instead. 8. UtilityMenu>Plot>Lines
9. Toolbar:SAVE_DB. A. Step11:Subtractpinholesfrombracket. 1. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Modeling>Operate>Booleans> Subtract>Areas 2. Pickbracketasbaseareafromwhichtosubtract. 3. Apply(inpickingmenu). 4. Pickbothpinholesasareastobesubtracted.
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5. OKtosubtractholesandclosepickingmenu.
A. Step12:[Link]. Atthispoint,youwillsavethedatabasetoanamedfileanamethatrepresents [Link],you'llneedto [Link]. 1. UtilityMenu>File>SaveAs 2. [Link]. 3. OKtosaveandclosedialogbox.
B. DefineMaterials
B. Step13:Setpreferences. Inpreparationfordefiningmaterials,youwillsetpreferencessothatonly materialsthatpertaintoastructuralanalysisareavailableforyoutochoose. Tosetpreferences: 1. MainMenu>Preferences 2. [Link] heresincetheydependonthe ANSYSproductyouareusing.
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3. OKtoapplyfilteringandclosethedialogbox.
B.Step14:Definematerialproperties. Todefinematerialpropertiesforthisanalysis,thereisonlyonematerialforthe bracket,A36Steel,withgivenvaluesforYoungsmodulusofelasticityand Poissonsratio. 1. MainMenu>Preprocessor>MaterialProps>Material Models 2. DoubleclickonStructural,Linear,Elastic,Isotropic. 3. Enter30e6forEX. 4. Enter.27forPRXY. 5. OKtodefinematerialpropertysetandclosethedialogbox.
6. Material>Exit
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B.Step15:Defineelementtypesandoptions. Inanyanalysis,youneedtoselectfromalibraryofelementtypesanddefinethe appropriateonesforyouranalysis. Forthisanalysis,youwilluseonlyoneelementtype, PLANE82,whichisa2D, quadratic,structural,[Link] hereallowsyoutohaveacoarsermeshthanwithlowerorderelementswhilestill [Link],ANSYSwillgeneratesometriangleshaped elementsinthemeshthatwouldotherwisebeinaccurateifyouusedlowerorder elements(PLANE42).Youwillneedtospecifyplanestresswiththicknessasan optionforPLANE82.(Youwilldefinethethicknessasarealconstantinthenext step.) 1. MainMenu>Preprocessor>ElementType>Add/Edit/Delete 2. Addanelementtype. 3. Structuralsolidfamilyofelements. 4. Choosethe8nodequad(PLANE82). 5. OKtoapplytheelementtypeandclosethedialogbox. 6. Options forPLANE82aretobedefined. 7. Chooseplanestresswiththicknessoptionforelementbehavior.
8. OKtospecifyoptionsandclosetheoptionsdialogbox.
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9. Closetheelementtypedialogbox.
B.Step16:Definerealconstants. Forthisanalysis,sincetheassumptionisplanestresswiththickness,youwill [Link] about PLANE82,youwillusetheANSYSHelpSysteminthisstepbyclickingona Helpbuttonfromwithinadialogbox.
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1. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Real Constants>Add/Edit/Delete 2. Addarealconstantset. 3. OKforPLANE82. BeforeclickingontheHelpbuttonin thenextstep,youshouldbeawarethat thehelpinformationmayappearinthe samewindowasthistutorial,replacing [Link] readingthehelpinformation,clickon theBackbuttontoreturntothistutorial. Ifthehelpinformationappearsina separatewindowfromthetutorial, minimizeorclosethehelpwindowafter youreadthehelpinformation.
4. Helptogethelpon PLANE82. 5. Holdleftmousebuttondowntoscroll throughelementdescription. 6. Ifthehelpinformationreplacedthe tutorial,clickontheBackbuttonto returntothetutorial. 7. Enter.5forTHK. 8. OKtodefinetherealconstantand closethedialogbox. 9. Closetherealconstantdialogbox.
[Link] C.Step17:Meshthearea. OnenicefeatureoftheANSYSprogramisthatyoucanautomaticallymeshthemodel [Link].
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Ifyourenotsurehowtodeterminethemeshdensity,letANSYStryitfirst!Meshing thismodelwithadefaultmeshhowever,generatesmoreelementsthanareallowedin the [Link] overallmeshdensity. 1. MainMenu>Preprocessor>Meshing>MeshTool 2. SetGlobalSizecontrol. 3. Typein0.5. 4. OK. 5. ChooseAreaMeshing. 6. ClickonMesh. 7. PickAllfortheareatobemeshed(inpickingmenu).Closeanywarning messagesthatappear. 8. ClosetheMeshTool.
Note [Link] resultofthis,[Link] discussionofresultsaccuracy,seePlanningYourApproachintheANSYSModeling andMeshingGuide.
C.Step18:[Link]. Hereagain,youwillsavethedatabasetoanamedfile,[Link]. 1. UtilityMenu>File>Saveas 2. [Link]. 3. OKtosavefileandclosedialogbox.
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[Link] Thebeginningofthesolutionphase. Anew,staticanalysisisthedefault,soyouwillnotneedtospecifyanalysistypefor [Link],therearenoanalysisoptions forthisproblem. D.Step19:Applydisplacementconstraints. Youcanapplydisplacementconstraintsdirectlytolines. 1. MainMenu>Solution> DefineLoads>Apply> Structural> Displacement>On Lines 2. Pickthefourlines aroundlefthandhole (Linenumbers10,9, 11,12).
3. OK(inpickingmenu). 4. ClickonAllDOF. 5. Enter0forzero displacement. 6. OKtoapplyconstraints andclosedialogbox. 7. UtilityMenu>Plot Lines
8. Toolbar:SAVE_DB.
D.Step20:Applypressureload.
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Nowapplythetaperedpressureloadtothebottom,righthandpinhole.("Tapered" heremeansvaryinglinearly.)NotethatwhenacircleiscreatedinANSYS,fourlines [Link],applythepressuretotwolinesmakingupthelower [Link](500psi)atthe bottomofthecircletoaminimumvalue(50psi)atthesides,applypressureintwo separatesteps,withreversetaperingvaluesforeachline. TheANSYSconventionforpressureloadingisthatapositiveloadvaluerepresents pressureintothesurface(compressive). 1. MainMenu>Solution>Define Loads>Apply>Structural> Pressure>OnLines 2. Picklinedefiningbottomleftpart ofthecircle(line6).
3. Apply. 4. Enter50forVALUE. 5. Enter500foroptionalvalue. 6. Apply. 7. Picklinedefiningbottomrightpart ofcircle(line7).
8. Apply. 9. Enter500forVALUE. 10. Enter50foroptionalvalue. 11. OK.
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12. Toolbar:SAVE_DB.
[Link] E.Step21:Solve. 1. MainMenu> Solution>Solve> CurrentLS 2. Reviewtheinformation inthestatuswindow, thenchooseFile> Close(Windows),or Close(X11/Motif),to closethewindow. 3. OKtobeginthe solution. Choose YestoanyVerify messagesthatappear. 4. Closetheinformation windowwhensolution isdone.
[Link] Thebeginningofthepostprocessingphase. Note Theresultsyouseemayvaryslightlyfromwhatisshownhereduetovariationsinthe mesh.
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F.Step22:Enterthegeneralpostprocessorandreadintheresults. 1. MainMenu>GeneralPostproc>ReadResults>FirstSet F.Step23:Plotthedeformedshape. 1. MainMenu>General Postproc>PlotResults> DeformedShape 2. ChooseDef+undeformed.
3. OK.
Youcanalsoproducean animatedversionofthe deformedshape: 4. UtilityMenu>PlotCtrls> Animate>DeformedShape 5. ChooseDef+undeformed.
6. OK.
7. MakechoicesintheAnimation Controller(notshown),if necessary,thenchooseClose.
F.Step24:PlotthevonMisesequivalentstress.
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1. MainMenu>General Postproc>Plot Results>Contour Plot>NodalSolu 2. ChooseStressitem tobecontoured. 3. Scrolldownand choosevonMises (SEQV). 4. OK.
Youcanalsoproduce ananimatedversion oftheseresults: 5. UtilityMenu>Plot Ctrls>Animate> DeformedResults 6. ChooseStressitem tobecontoured. 7. Scrolldownand choosevonMises (SEQV). 8. OK.
9. Makechoicesinthe AnimationController (notshown),if necessary,then chooseClose.
F.Step25:Listreactionsolution.
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1. MainMenu> General Postproc>List Results> ReactionSolu 2. OKtolistallitems andclosethe dialogbox. 3. Scrolldownand findthetotal verticalforce,FY. 4. File>Close (Windows),or Close(X11/Motif), toclosethe window.
Thevalueof134.61iscomparabletothetotalpinloadforce. Note Thevaluesshownarerepresentativeandmayvaryfromthevaluesyouobtain. Therearemanyotheroptionsavailableforreviewingresultsinthegeneral [Link] [Link]. F.Step26:ExittheANSYSprogram. WhenexitingtheANSYSprogram,youcansavethegeometryandloadsportionsof thedatabase(default),savegeometry,loads,andsolutiondata(onesetofresults only),savegeometry,loads,solutiondata,andpostprocessingdata(i.e.,save everything),[Link],butyoushouldbesuretouse oneoftheothersaveoptionsifyouwanttokeeptheANSYSdatafiles. 1. Toolbar:Quit. 2. ChooseQuitNoSave! 3. OK.
Congratulations! Youhavecompletedthistutorial.
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