Patients Initials: A.M.

Age: 48 years old Diagnosis: CHF III 2o Thyrotoxic Heart Disease MR NTG Acute gastritis AF RUR Drug Features Generic Name: Kalium Durule Therapeutics Indication Effects Contraindication Nursing Responsibilities Most Common Nausea Vomitin g, Diarrhe a Abdomi nal discomf ort

Adverse Effects

Prevention and Brand Name: correction of Potassium potassium Chloride deficiency; when Classification: associated with Electrolytic and alkalosis, use water balance potassium agent chloride; when associated with Prescribed acidosis, use Dosage: potassium 2 tablets (20 acetate, mEq) x TID bicarbonate, citrate, or gluconate Route: Oral Mechanism of Action Form: Tablet Principal intracellular cation of most body tissues, participates in a

Contraindicated with allergy to tartrazine, aspirin (tartrazine is found in some preparations marketed as Kaon-Cl, KlorCon) Severe renal impairment with oliguria, anuria, azotemia Untreated Addisons disease; hyperkalemia; adynamia episodica hereditaria; acute dehydration; heat cramps GI disorders that delay passage in the GI tract.

PRE: Do Rash handwashing to prevent GI cross obstruction contamination GI bleeding Check for GI the doctors ulceration or order perforation Check the Hyperkalemi for the age of a the patient increased Check for serum K+ the gender of ECG the patient changes Provide (peaking of the 10R for T waves, giving loss of P medication waves, depression Identify of ST patients name segment, Assess prolongation patients of QTc condition interval) Ask for any drug allergy

number of Special Concern: physiologic processes Use cautiously maintaining with cardiac intracellular disorders, tonicity, especially if transmission of treated with nerve impulses, digitalis, contraction of pregnancy, cardiac, lactation. skeletal, and smooth muscle, maintenance of normal renal function; also plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism and various enzymatic reactions.

INTRA: Arrange for serial serum potassium levels before and during therapy. Administer liquid form to any patient with delayed GI emptying. Administer oral drug after meals or with food and a full glass of water to decrease GI upset. Caution patient not to chew or crush tablets; have patient swallow tablet whole. Arrange for further dilution or dose reduction if GI effects

are severe POST: CLIENT/FAMILY TEACHING Take drug after meals or with food and a full glass of water to decrease GI upset. Do not chew or crush tablets, swallow tablets whole. Take the drug as prescribed; do not take more than prescribed. Do not use salt substitutes. You may find wax matrix capsules in the stool. The wax matrix is not absorbed

in the GI tract. Have periodic blood tests and medical evaluation. Report if experiencing these side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (taking the drugs with meals, diluting them further may help). Report tingling of the hands or feet, unusual tiredness or weakness, feeling of heaviness in the legs, severe nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, black or tarry stools,

Patients Initials: A.M. Age: 48 years old Diagnosis: CHF III 2o Thyrotoxic Heart Disease MR NTG Acute gastritis AF RUR Drug Features Generic Name: Spironolactone Brand Name: Aldactone Therapeutics Indication Effects Contraindication Nursing Responsibilities Most Common Weakne ss Paresth esia Diarrhe a Abdomi nal discomf ort Drowsin ess, headac he, hyponat remia

Adverse Effects

Diagnosis and maintenance of primary Classification: hyperaldostero Potassiumnism Adjunctive sparing diuretic, therapy in Aldosterone edema antagonist associated with CHF, nephrotic Prescribed syndrome, Dosage: hepatic 1 tablet (100mg) cirrhosis when x BID other therapies are inadequate Route: or inappropriate Oral Treatment of

Anuria Hyperkalemia Acute or progressive renal insufficiency Addisons disease.

PRE: Do Fluid or handwashing electrolyte to prevent imbalance cross contamination Gynecomast ia Check for the doctors tachycardia order hypotension Check the oliguria for the age of hyperkalemi the patient a Check for confusion the gender of hirsutism the patient mental Provide disturbances the 10R for menstrual giving irregularities medication

Form: Tablet

hypokalemia or prevention of hypokalemia in patients who would be at high risk if hypokalemia occurred: Digitalize d patients, patients with cardiac arrhythm ia Essential hyperten sion, usually in combinat ion with other drugs

loss of libido and impotence.

Identify patients name Assess patients condition Ask for any drug allergy INTRA: Give daily doses early so that increased urination does not interfere with sleep. Measure and record regular weight to monitor mobilization of edema fluid. Avoid giving food rich in potassium. Arrange for regular evaluation of serum electrolytes and BUN.

Mechanism of Action Spironolactone acts on the distal renal

tubules as a competitive antagonist of aldosterone. It increases the excretion of sodium chloride and water while conserving potassium and hydrogen ions

POST: CLIENT/FAMILY TEACHING Be aware that the maximal diuretic effect may not occur until third day of therapy and that diuresis may continue for 23 d after drug is withdrawn. Report signs of hyponatremia or hyperkalemia (see Appendix F), most likely to occur in patients with severe cirrhosis.p Avoid replacing fluid losses with large amounts of free water

(can result in dilutional hyponatremia) .p Weight 2 3 times each week. Report gains/loss of 5 lbs.p Do not drive or engage in potentially hazardous activities until response to the drug is known. Avoid excessive intake of highpotassium foods and salt substitutes.

Patients Initials: A.M. Age: 48 years old Diagnosis: CHF III 2o Thyrotoxic Heart Disease MR NTG Acute gastritis AF RUR Drug Features Generic Name: Ceftriaxone Brand Name: Rocephin Classification: Antibiotic Prescribed Dosage: 2g Route: IV Form: Liquid Therapeutics Indication Contraindication Effects Most Common Nausea Vomitin g, Diarrhe a Abdomi nal Pain Pain at injection site. N Adverse Effects Headache Dizziness Hepatotoxi city Decreased WBC , HCT, Platelet count PRE: Inspect and palpate the intravenous insertion site for signs of infections. Take vital signs for baseline. Determine for allergies to medications after doing skin testing Check compatibility of the medications and IV fluid. Assemble equipments and supplies. Check the label on the medication

Lower Contraindicated respiratory with allergy to infections cephalosporins or caused by penicillins Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus Special Concern: aureus, Klbsiella, Use cautiously Haemophilus with renal failure. influenza, Escherichia Use cautiously coli, Proteus with cardiac mirabilis, disorders, Enterobacter especially if aerogenes, treated with Serratia digitalis, marscens, pregnancy, Hemophilus lactation. parainfluenzae, Streptococcus. Mechanism of Action

Inhibits synthesis of bacterial cell wall, causing cell death

and compare with the medical orders. Wash hands and observe other appropriate infection control procedures. Prepare the medication. INTRA: Identify the injection port closest to the client. Clean the port with an antiseptic swab. Stop the IV flow by closing the clamp or pinching the tubing above the injection port.

 Slowly inject the medication and release it. POST: CLIENT/FAMILY TEACHING Tell ptient to promptly report adverse reactions and sign and symptoms of superinfection. Tell patient to notify prescriber if loose stools or diarrhea occur. Instruct patient to report pain on the IV site.