Based on the "Chapter Five.
pptx" file provided, here is a final exam question set formatted similarly to
the previous exam paper you uploaded (Part One: Multiple Choice, Part Two: Fill in the Blank), complete
with an answer key.
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PART ONE: Choose the best answer from the following questions and give your answer on the separate
answer sheet. (2 points each)
1. The fallacy of appeal to force is also known by its Latin name:
A. Argumentum ad Misericordiam
B. Argumentum ad Baculum
C. Argumentum ad Populum
D. Argumentum ad Verecundiam
2. "Either you buy only American-made products or you don't deserve to be called a loyal American.
Yesterday you bought a new Toyota. It's therefore clear that you don't deserve to be called a loyal
American." This argument commits the fallacy of:
A. Complex Question
B. False Dichotomy
C. Begging the Question
D. Suppressed Evidence
3. "The flow of electricity through a wire is similar to the flow of water through a pipe. Obviously, a
large-diameter pipe will carry a greater flow of water than a pipe of small diameter. Therefore, a large-
diameter wire should carry a greater flow of electricity than a small-diameter wire." This commits the
fallacy of:
A. Weak Analogy
B. Equivocation
C. Amphiboly
D. Composition
4. In the ad hominem circumstantial fallacy, the respondent attempts to discredit the opponent's
argument by:
A. Verbally abusing the opponent
B. Alluding to certain circumstances that affect the opponent
C. Accusing the opponent of being hypocritical
D. Distorting the opponent's argument to more easily attack it
5. Which of the following is a fallacy of ambiguity?
A. Accident
B. Straw Man
C. Amphiboly
D. Division
6. "Each atom in this piece of chalk is invisible. Therefore, the chalk is invisible." This is an example of the
fallacy of:
A. Division
B. Composition
C. Hasty Generalization
D. Accident
7. The fallacy of "Appeal to Ignorance" occurs when:
A. The arguer appeals to the crowd's emotions to win acceptance.
B. The premises state that nothing has been proved one way or another, and then a definite assertion is
made.
C. The arguer uses a threat to the physical well-being of the listener.
D. A general rule is applied to a specific case it was not intended to cover.
8. "Mr. Belay believes that ethnic federalism has just destroyed the country and thus it should be
replaced by geographical federalism. But we should not accept his proposal. He just wants to take the
country back to the previous regime." This commits which fallacy?
A. Red Herring
B. Straw Man
C. Missing the Point
D. Tu Quoque
9. Which fallacy involves an alleged chain reaction where there is not sufficient reason to think the chain
reaction will actually take place?
A. False Cause
B. Slippery Slope
C. Weak Analogy
D. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
10. The fallacy committed when an arguer creates the illusion that inadequate premises provide
adequate support by leaving out a possibly false key premise is:
A. Begging the Question
B. Complex Question
C. False Dichotomy
D. Suppressed Evidence
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PART TWO: Fill the blank space. (2 points each)
11. A fallacy that involves a mistake in reasoning is sometimes called a ____________________.
12. The fallacy of ____________________ is committed when a general rule is applied to a specific case
it was not intended to cover.
13. The ____________________ fallacy involves two (or more) questions asked in the guise of a single
question and a single answer is given to both of them.
14. The fallacy of ____________________ is the exact reverse of composition; it is committed when an
attribute is transferred from a whole onto its parts.
15. The ____________________ fallacy appeals to the desire of individuals to be considered part of a
group, often using the logic "everyone is doing it".
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ANSWER KEY
Part One:
1. B (Argumentum ad Baculum)
2. B (False Dichotomy)
3. A (Weak Analogy)
4. B (Alluding to certain circumstances)
5. C (Amphiboly)
6. B (Composition)
7. B (Premises state nothing has been proved, then a definite assertion is made)
8. B (Straw Man)
9. B (Slippery Slope)
10. A (Begging the Question)
Part Two:
11. non sequitur
12. accident
13. complex question
14. division
15. bandwagon (or Appeal to the People)
Here is a 30-question Final Exam prepared based on the "Chapter [Link]" file provided. It follows the
format of your previous exam paper.
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PART ONE: Choose the best answer from the following questions and give your answer on the separate
answer sheet. (2 points each)
1. Fallacies are usually divided into two groups: formal and _____________.
A. Informal
B. Logical
C. Inductive
D. Deductive
2. The Latin name for the "Appeal to Force" fallacy is:
A. Argumentum ad Misericordiam
B. Argumentum ad Baculum
C. Argumentum ad Populum
D. Argumentum ad Verecundiam
3. "Your Honor, I admit that I declared thirteen children as dependents on my tax return, even though I
have only two. But if you find me guilty, my reputation will be ruined, my poor wife will not be able to
have the operation that she desperately needs, and my kids will starve." This argument commits the
fallacy of:
A. Appeal to Force
B. Appeal to Pity
C. Appeal to the People
D. Red Herring
4. In the direct approach of the "Appeal to the People" fallacy, the arguer excites the emotions of the
crowd to win acceptance, typically aiming to arouse a kind of:
A. Logical reasoning
B. Mob mentality
C. Scientific inquiry
D. Philosophical doubt
5. "Wear this new fashion shoe! A shoe which is worn only by a few respected celebrities! ADIDAS
SHOE!!! If you wear the shoe, you too will be admired and respected, just like the famous footballer,
Frank Lampard." This is an example of:
A. Bandwagon
B. Appeal to Vanity
C. Appeal to Snobbery
D. Appeal to Pity
6. "The newly produced Gebeta Guder wine is not for everyone to drink. But you are different from
other people, aren't you? Therefore, the newly produced Gebeta Guder wine is for you." This commits
the fallacy of:
A. Appeal to Vanity
B. Appeal to Snobbery
C. Bandwagon
D. Straw Man
7. "In defending animal rights, Mr. Abebe argues that the government should legislate a minimum legal
requirement... But we should not accept his argument because he is a divorced drunk person who is
unable to protect even his own family." This is known as:
A. Ad Hominem Abusive
B. Ad Hominem Circumstantial
C. Tu Quoque
D. Accident
8. "Haileselassie I of Ethiopia argued in the League of Nations that member states should give help to
Ethiopia to expel fascist Italy. But the member states should not listen to the king. Haileselassie argues
this way because he wants to resume his power once the Italians are expelled." This is an example of:
A. Ad Hominem Abusive
B. Ad Hominem Circumstantial
C. Tu Quoque
D. Straw Man
9. "Look Doctor, you cannot advise me to quit smoking cigarette because you yourself is a smoker. How
do you advise me to quit smoking while you yourself is smoking?" This commits the fallacy of:
A. Ad Hominem Abusive
B. Ad Hominem Circumstantial
C. Tu Quoque
D. Red Herring
10. "Property should be returned to its rightful owner. That drunken sailor who is starting a fight lent
you his .45-caliber pistol, and now he wants it back. Therefore, you should return it to him now." This is
an example of the fallacy of:
A. Accident
B. Straw Man
C. Missing the Point
D. Red Herring
11. This fallacy is committed when an arguer distorts an opponent's argument for the purpose of more
easily attacking it, demolishes the distorted argument, and then concludes that the opponent's real
argument has been demolished:
A. Red Herring
B. Straw Man
C. Missing the Point
D. Ad Hominem
12. "Crimes of theft and robbery have been increasing at an alarming rate lately. The conclusion is
obvious: we must reinstate the death penalty immediately." This illustrates:
A. Missing the Point
B. Red Herring
C. Accident
D. False Cause
13. "Environmentalists are continually harping about the dangers of nuclear power. Unfortunately,
electricity is dangerous no matter where it comes from. Every year hundreds of people are electrocuted
by accident." This commits:
A. Straw Man
B. Red Herring
C. Missing the Point
D. Appeal to Pity
14. "Dr. Bradshaw, our family physician, has stated that the creation of muonic atoms of deuterium and
tritium hold the key to producing a sustained nuclear fusion reaction at room temperature. In view of
Dr. Bradshaw’s expertise as a physician, we must conclude that this is indeed true." This is an example
of:
A. Appeal to Ignorance
B. Appeal to Unqualified Authority
C. Hasty Generalization
D. False Cause
15. "People have been trying for centuries to provide conclusive evidence for the claims of astrology,
and no one has ever succeeded. Therefore, we must conclude that astrology is a lot of nonsense." This
commits:
A. Appeal to Ignorance
B. Appeal to Unqualified Authority
C. False Cause
D. Weak Analogy
16. "Ten Arab fundamentalists hijacked planes and crashed them into the World Trade Center in New
York City. The message is clear: Arabs are nothing but a pack of religious fanatics prone to violence." This
is:
A. Hasty Generalization
B. False Cause
C. Slippery Slope
D. Weak Analogy
17. "During the past two months, every time that the cheerleaders have worn blue ribbons in their hair,
the basketball team has been defeated. Therefore, to prevent defeats in the future, the cheerleaders
should get rid of those blue ribbons." This illustrates the variety of false cause called:
A. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
B. Non causa pro causa
C. Oversimplified cause
D. Slippery Slope
18. "The quality of education in our grade schools and high schools has been declining for years. Clearly,
our teachers just aren't doing their job these days." This is an example of:
A. Post hoc ergo propter hoc
B. Non causa pro causa
C. Oversimplified cause
D. Hasty Generalization
19. "Immediate steps should be taken to outlaw pornography once and for all. The continued
manufacture and sale of pornographic material will almost certainly lead to an increase in sex-related
crimes... Eventually a complete disintegration of law and order will occur, leading in the end to the total
collapse of civilization." This commits the fallacy of:
A. Slippery Slope
B. Weak Analogy
C. False Cause
D. Hasty Generalization
20. "Murder is morally wrong. This being the case, it follows that abortion is morally wrong." This is a
classic example of:
A. Begging the Question
B. Complex Question
C. False Dichotomy
D. Suppressed Evidence
21. "Have you stopped cheating on exams?" This question is an example of the fallacy of:
A. Begging the Question
B. Complex Question
C. False Dichotomy
D. Accident
22. "Any law can be repealed by the legislative authority. But the law of gravity is a law. Therefore, the
law of gravity can be repealed by the legislative authority." This commits:
A. Equivocation
B. Amphiboly
C. Composition
D. Division
23. "The tour guide said that standing in Greenwich Village, the Empire State Building could easily be
seen. It follows that the Empire State Building is in Greenwich Village." This is:
A. Equivocation
B. Amphiboly
C. Composition
D. Division
24. "Sodium and chlorine, the atomic components of salt, are both deadly poisons. Therefore, salt is a
deadly poison." This is an example of the fallacy of:
A. Composition
B. Division
C. Accident
D. Weak Analogy
25. "The Royal Society is over 300 years old. Professor Thompson is a member of the Royal Society.
Therefore, Professor Thompson is over 300 years old." This is:
A. Composition
B. Division
C. Accident
D. Equivocation
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PART TWO: Fill the blank space. (2 points each)
26. The Latin name for the "You too" fallacy is ____________________.
27. The fallacy of ____________________ is committed when the premises of an argument support one
particular conclusion, but then a different conclusion, often vaguely related to the correct conclusion, is
drawn.
28. The fallacy of ____________________ is committed when a disjunctive ("either . . . or . . .") premise
presents two unlikely alternatives as if they were the only ones available, and the arguer then eliminates
the undesirable alternative.
29. The fallacy of ____________________ occurs when the arguer misinterprets an ambiguous
statement (often due to grammar or punctuation) and then draws a conclusion based on this faulty
interpretation.
30. The fallacy of ____________________ is a variety of the false cause fallacy which occurs when a
multitude of causes is responsible for a certain effect but the arguer selects just one of these causes and
represents it as if it were the sole cause.
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ANSWER KEY
Part One:
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. C
10. A
11. B
12. A
13. B
14. B
15. A
16. A
17. A
18. C
19. A
20. A
21. B
22. A
23. B
24. A
25. B
Part Two:
26. Tu Quoque
27. Missing the Point (Ignoratio Elenchi)
28. False Dichotomy
29. Amphiboly
30. Oversimplified cause