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Class10 Life Processes Notes

Life processes are essential functions for living organisms, including Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, and Excretion. Nutrition can be autotrophic or heterotrophic, while respiration can be aerobic or anaerobic, producing ATP for energy. Transportation in plants and humans involves specialized systems, and excretion removes harmful wastes from the body, primarily through the kidneys.

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Class10 Life Processes Notes

Life processes are essential functions for living organisms, including Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, and Excretion. Nutrition can be autotrophic or heterotrophic, while respiration can be aerobic or anaerobic, producing ATP for energy. Transportation in plants and humans involves specialized systems, and excretion removes harmful wastes from the body, primarily through the kidneys.

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mishrarishabh42530
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Biology Revision Notes

Class 10 Science — Chapter: Life Processes

1. What are Life Processes?

The basic processes essential for living organisms to maintain their life and prevent damage or breakdown are
called Life Processes. These include Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation, and Excretion.

2. Nutrition

Nutrition is the process of acquiring food that is needed for energy, growth, and repair.

• Autotrophic Nutrition: Organisms synthesize their own food from inorganic substances like CO2 and water
using sunlight (Photosynthesis in green plants). Equation:
6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2

• Heterotrophic Nutrition: Organisms depend on other organisms for food (e.g., Animals, Fungi). Modes include
Holozoic, Saprophytic, and Parasitic nutrition.

3. Respiration

The process by which absorbed food is broken down in cells to release energy is called respiration. It can be
Aerobic (in the presence of O2, yielding high energy) or Anaerobic (in the absence of O2, yielding less energy).

Class 10 Science — Life Processes Revision Notes Page 1 of 2


ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): Energy released during cellular respiration is immediately used to
synthesize ATP molecules, which act as the energy currency of cells.

4. Transportation

• In Plants: Transported through specialized vascular tissues. Xylem transports water and minerals from roots
upwards, while Phloem transports products of photosynthesis (food) from leaves to other parts.

• In Humans: The circulatory system consists of the heart (a pumping organ), blood vessels (arteries, veins,
capillaries), and blood (plasma and blood cells). The human heart features a double circulation system to
completely separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

5. Excretion

The biological process of the removal of harmful metabolic nitrogenous wastes from the body is called excretion.

Human Excretory System: Consists of a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, the urinary bladder, and the
urethra. The basic filtration unit in each kidney is the nephron, which filters blood to form urine containing
urea and uric acid.

Class 10 Science — Life Processes Revision Notes Page 2 of 2

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