Chapter 2 Tutorial
1. Evaluate each, given that S= { 1, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ,6 ,7 ,8 , 9 } A={ 1 ,3 , 5 , 8 } B={ 1 ,2 , 5 , 9 } C= {6 }
a) B∪ C
b) A ∪ B∪ C
c) ( A ∩ B)∪C
d) A ∩ B∩ C
2. Suppose you are given the sample space: S= { 2, 3 , 5 ,7 ,8 , 10 , 11, 12, 13 , 15 }.
Define the 3 following events: A={ 5 ,7 ,10 , 12 ,15 }
B= {3 , 10 , 15 }
C={ 3 , 5 ,10 , 12 ,13 , 15 }
Calculate P[ A ' ∩(B ∩C)]'
3. Suppose that a sample space is made up of all even numbers between 2
and 12 i.e. S = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12}. Suppose A = {2, 6, 12}, B = {2, 4, 6,
8} and C = {8, 12} are three events in S.
Suppose D = {4, 8, 10} is also an event in S. Then A and D are
a) complementary events.
b) not mutually exclusive.
c) both impossible events.
d) both certain events.3
e) each events with probabilities greater than 1.
4. Telephone numbers in North America consist of 10 digits (including the area code). How
many different telephone numbers are possible, given that the first digit cannot be 0 or 1?
5. A four-member student council is elected each year and consists of one student from each of
the first-, second-, third-, and fourth-year classes. Suppose that, on the ballot, there are two
first-year students, two second-year students, three third-year students, and four fourth-year
students. How many different elected councils are possible?
6. A computer password is seven characters in length.
(a) How many passwords are possible if the characters are all lowercase letters?
(b) How many passwords are possible if the characters are either lowercase letters or the
numerals 0 through 9?
(c) How many passwords are possible if the characters are either uppercase or lowercase
letters?
7. A basic meal consists of soup, a sandwich and a beverage. If a person having this meal has 3
choices of soup, 4 choices of sandwiches and a choice of coffee or tea as a beverage, how
many such meals are possible?
8. A PIN to be used at an ATM can be formed by selecting 4 digits from the digits 0, 1, 2, . . . ,
9. How many choices of PIN are there if
(a) digits may be repeated?
(b) digits may not be repeated?
9. In how many ways can 7 people be placed in a queue at a bus stop?
10. Four people (A, B, C, D) serve on a board of directors. A chairman and vice-chairman are to
be chosen from these 4 people. In how many ways can this be done?
11. Four people (A, B, C, D) serve on a board of directors. Two people are to be chosen from
them as members of a committee that will investigate fraud allegations. In how many ways
can this be done?
12. A uniform random variable is a random variable, the graph of whose PDF is a horizontal
line. Suppose X is a uniform random variable on the interval [a , b].
a) What is its probability density function f (x)?
b) Calculate the mean of X .
c) Calculate the variance of X .