1.

What is the main reason for sharing lessons learnt from major incidents with other
organizations?
Potential benefits are much greater for the process safety industry as a whole
Integration of quality, environmental and health and safety management systems
Accident investigations are effective in determining immediate and root causes
Operating procedures are standardized so that workers have a consistent approach
Correct Answer: Potential benefits are much greater for the process safety industry as a
whole
2. Which statement is not related to "Desired safety outcomes" in Process Safety
Management :
no unexpected loss of containment due to failure of flexi hoses, couplings, pumps, valves,
flanges, fixed ...
no unexpected loss of containment due to blockages in tank vents;
no fires or explosions due to static electric ignition;
no fires or explosions caused by a source of ignition from faulty or damaged hazardous area
electrical e...
None of the above
Correct Answer: None of the above
3. Which is not a Potential lagging indicators:
number of unexpected loss-of-containment incidents due to failure of flexi hoses, couplings,
pumps, valv...
number of loss-of-containments due to blockages in tank vents;
number of fires or explosions that result from a static electric ignition;
percentage of safety critical plant/equipment that performs within specification when
inspected;
Correct Answer: percentage of safety critical plant/equipment that performs within
specification when inspected;
4. Which of the following best describes a Zone 21 hazardous area?
A place in which an explosive mixture in the form of a cloud of combustible in air is likely to
occur in nor...
A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of flammable gas in air is
likely to occu...
A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust air is
not likely to o...
A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of a flammable gas in air is
not likely to occur in no...
Correct Answer: A place in which an explosive mixture in the form of a cloud of combustible
dust in air is likely to occur in normal operating conditions
5. One of the hazards of using nitrogen as an inerting gas is
A increased in oxygen concentrations
Decreased flammability
Increased flammability
Decreased oxygen concentrations
Correct Answer: Decreased oxygen concentrations
6. A consequence of thermal runaway reaction is catastrophic plant failure through
Over-pressure
Overrunning
Overloading
Overriding
Correct Answer: Over-pressure
7. Safe operating envelopes involve adhering to
Upper and lower limits
Variable operating limits
Upper operating limits only
Lower operating limits only
Correct Answer: Upper and lower limits
8. Process was shutdown automatically due to an unexpected and sudden pressure
increase, so it was outside of standard operating
Preventing
Emergency
Procedures
Plan
Correct Answer: Procedures
9. Which is not a Potential Leading Indicators?
percentage of maintenance actions identified that are completed to the specified timescale;
percentage of fault trending carried out to schedule;
percentage of safety critical plant and equipment inspections completed to schedule;
percentage of safety critical plant/equipment that performs within specification when
inspected;
number of fires or explosions caused by a source of ignition from faulty or damaged
hazardous area electrical equipment
Correct Answer: number of fires or explosions caused by a source of ignition from faulty or
damaged hazardous area electrical equipment
10. Which is not a Purpose and use of risk assessment
Risk assessments are essential in the management of safety in all workplaces
Risk controls are then identified, which reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
it is a process that identifies hazards, evaluates risks by considering the likelihood of harm
occurring and...
It is used for getting the new Customer orders .
Correct Answer: It is used for getting the new Customer orders .
11. Which statement is not correct related to Bow Tie Model:
'Barriers' can be identified that can be placed between the initiator (the triggering event) to
either prevent ...
These can be termed, 'lines of defence' (LOD) or 'layers of protection' (LOP) and are exactly
that - action...
When Bow-Tie drawn, each of the barriers can be labelled with a reference number to make
recording of t...
Hazard realisation does not require the assessor to act as a 'prophet of doom' and...
Correct Answer: Hazard realisation does not require the assessor to act as a 'prophet of
doom' and...
12. Mitigation to reduce the consequences does not include:
layout to locate flammable storage away from heavily occupied areas;
bunds and containment;
electrical equipment specified for flammable areas;
fire walls/blast walls;
isolation valves in drains.
plant specification standards;
Correct Answer: plant specification standards;
13. Which is the First Step of Hierarchy of risk controls
inherent safety;
elimination (including minimised inventories);
substitution;
engineering controls;
administrative controls.
Correct Answer: inherent safety; (or elimination depending on specific framework standard)
14. What is the most important benefits of involving workers when carrying out risk
assessments?
To make sure there is a balance representation of workers and managers
To reduce resistance and conflict when risk assessments are introduced
To enable employer and employees to comply fully with legal requirements
To gather detailed practical knowledge about workplace hazards and risks
Correct Answer: To gather detailed practical knowledge about workplace hazards and risks
15. Which of the following is the most direct evidence of worker competence?
Consistently performing a work-related task correctly to the required standard
Signing a document to confirm that a procedure was read and understood
Completing an attendance form following a process safety toolbox talk
Carrying out a work-related task without harming themselves or others
Correct Answer: Consistently performing a work-related task correctly to the required
standard
16. Process organizations have in place a wide range of mitigatory measures designed to
reduce the consequences of a major incident. Which risk management techniques is
especially suited to access the effectiveness of these mitigation measures?
Failure mode effects analysis (FMEA)
Event tree analysis (ETA)
Risk assessment (RA)
Hazard identification (HAZID)
Correct Answer: Event tree analysis (ETA)
17. Which of the following is an example of planned preventive maintenance?
Daily visual inspections of process plant
Greasing of pump bearings
Regular sampling of products
Testing of stack emissions
Correct Answer: Greasing of pump bearings
18. Quantitative risk assessment differs from qualitative risk assessment because it is more
Adaptive
Objective
Subjective
Detective
Correct Answer: Objective
19. A preferred method of conducting a shift handover is
Face to face using verbal and written communication
By telephone using verbal communication
Via a log book using written communication
By radio using verbal communication
Correct Answer: Face to face using verbal and written communication
20. Which of the following is the most important consideration when selecting contractors?
Proving that they have no previous or pending enforcement actions
Proving method statement, risk assessment and safety policies
Evidence of previous safety working and understanding their impact on others
Membership of a professional body and adequate insurance cover for the work
Correct Answer: Evidence of previous safety working and understanding their impact on
others
21. The severity of injury received as a result of contact with electricity is minimized by:
A high current and low body resistance
Low current and high voltage
Low current and high body resistance
High current and high voltage
Correct Answer: Low current and high body resistance
22. What is saturated steam?
Where all the water has been converted to steam
Where some liquid water is still retained in the steam
Steam under very high pressure
Steam with a temperature in excess of 200°C
Correct Answer: Where all the water has been converted to steam
23. Which is not an example of Elimination and minimised inventories as per Hierarchy of
Risk Control:
It could be the purchase of a pre-mixed chemical rather than handling hazardous raw
materials or subco...
by reducing the quantity of hazardous materials stored on site through improved inventory
management, ...
Hazardous processes can also be segregated from occupied areas, or storage vessels
placed in separat...
Correct Answer: Hazardous processes can also be segregated from occupied areas, or
storage vessels placed in separat... (Yeh Segregation/Isolation technique hai,
elimination/minimization nahi)
24. One control adopted for safe start-up of plant is
Closing of all valves
Closing of drain valves
Opening of all valves
Opening of drain valves
Correct Answer: Closing of drain valves
25. In terms of safety critical performance standards, what does the abbreviation 'FARSI'
stand for?
Functionality, availability, resource, survivability, interdependency.
Functionality, asset, integrity, reliability, survivability, interdependency
Functional, asset integrity, reliability, systematic interdependency
Functionality, availability, reliability, survivability, interdependency.
Correct Answer: Functionality, availability, reliability, survivability, interdependency.
26. Development of an emergency plan should consider areas that are:
On-site only
Either on-site or off-site
Off-site only
On-site and Off-site
Correct Answer: On-site and Off-site
27. Which is the preferred fire extinguishing in a typical process control room?
Chemical powder
Foam deluge
Carbon dioxide
Water deluge
Correct Answer: Carbon dioxide
28. Two separate work permits had been issued for the maintenance work on a pump. One
was for repair of Vise pump and been completed but the servicing of the pressure relief
valve on the discharge side of the pump. The pump repair had been completed but the
servicing of the pressure relief valve had not been loosely installed. During handover, the
maintenance work and return to service the pump was discussed, but no mention was made
of the servicing being carried out on its service pressure relief valve. The pump was then
started, allowing flammable liquids to leak from the 'blank'. This vapor cloud ignited, causing
a fire. Which of the following actions during shift handover would have been most effective in
preventing this accident?
Verbal communication in a quiet place between incoming and outgoing workers
Confirming of permits signed off as completed
Discussion of the recorder process checks undertaken by the outgoing workers
A physical demonstration of the plant state between incoming and outgoing workers
Correct Answer: A physical demonstration of the plant state between incoming and outgoing
workers
29. Which of the following best describes a Zone 1 hazardous area?
A place in which an explosive mixture in the form of a cloud of combustible dust in air is
likely to occur in normal operation occasionally
A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of flammable gas in air is
likely to occur in normal operation occasionally
A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust air is
not likely to occur...
A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a flammable gas in air is not likely
to occur in...
Correct Answer: A place in which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of
flammable gas in air is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally
30. An external fire directly heats a vessel containing a flammable liquid. The liquid begins to
boil, increasing the pressure which opens an integral pressure relief valve. The liquid level
inside the vessel lowers and the fire begins to heat the vessel above the liquid level. The
vessel metal thins, weakens and ruptures. What type of explosion does this describes?
A confined vapour cloud explosion
A secondary explosion
A boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion
An unconfined vapour cloud explosion
Correct Answer: A boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE)
31. The Principles of Process Safety Leadership also place emphasis on board level visibility
to promote process safety. Select the most inappropriate option:
Directors and senior managers does not play a key role in promotion of process safety
As such, their actions are noted by workers and their visible leadership is essential in the d...
Leaders need to reinforce personal safety, such as wearing PPE, but also need to discuss ...
The actions taken at leadership level establish the level of commitment to process safety ...
Correct Answer: Directors and senior managers does not play a key role in promotion of
process safety
32. The need to define process safety responsibilities: Select the inappropriate option:
Directors do not have any role to play in process safety.
Top management will delegate (even though they will retain overall responsibility and
accountability) to t...
So, other managers and workers will also have process safety critical roles and
responsibilities as part of...
These should be clearly defined at all levels; from the board through to the maintenance
workers who loo...
Correct Answer: Directors do not have any role to play in process safety.
33. The reasons for holding to account all individuals with PSM responsibility: Select the
inappropriate option:
It is clear that if new plant is installed without due consideration to safety, then the potential
for injuries i...
Everyone with process safety responsibilities has a role to play and therefore should be held
accountable...
In the context of an adequately resourced, competent workforce, holding people accountable
also enco...
Management can have the control over the employees and can take the disciplinary action
against them.
Correct Answer: Management can have the control over the employees and can take the
disciplinary action against them.
34. Process safety needs to be adequately resourced; ensuring adequate resources are in
place is the responsibility of the leadership of the organisation. "Appropriate resources
should be made available to ensure a high standard of process safety management
throughout the organisation and staff with process safety responsibilities should have or
develop an appropriate level of competence." These resources does not includes:
Legal-Rules, Acts, Legislation
human - the right number of people with the right skills and experiences;
financial - this may include capital expenditure and operational budgets to allow the plant to
operate safe...
physical - such as equipment, buildings, offices, rest facilities, etc.
Correct Answer: Legal-Rules, Acts, Legislation
35. The meaning of process safety objectives and targets is that effective organisations,
serious about making safety improvements, will establish a clear set of objectives
(overarching process safety aims) and targets (short term goals) that are cascaded to staff
throughout the organisation at all levels. Which is not a reasons for establishing process
safety objectives and targets?
An organisation can fulfill the legal requirement only.
Effective process safety indicators identify safety critical controls and actions, and monitor
these to ensu...
Once these safety indicators and targets have been established, the board should review
progress on a r...
Correct Answer: An organisation can fulfill the legal requirement only.
36. Which is not a reasons for and benefits of accident and incident investigation?
While hopefully major incidents and disasters are few and far between, the need to
investigate and addre...
It is essential to focus not only on what actually happened, but on the potential.
It may not be necessary to carry out a thorough investigation into all incidents; indeed, some
have little p...
Unless you fully understand your process (throughout its life cycle) and the interplay with
things such as ...
Investigations obviously does not help to learning from the incidents.
Ultimately, the purpose of the investigation is to prevent the accident from happening again
as next time ...
Correct Answer: Investigations obviously does not help to learning from the incidents.
37. Which is not a reasons for investigating accidents and incidents:
identify root causes and underlying causes of the incident;
prevent the incident happening again (which could result in a more serious outcome next
time);
allow risk assessments to be updated so that organisations learn from past experience;
Auditing and inspection process becomes easier and no need to generate the Lessons
Learning.
Correct Answer: Auditing and inspection process becomes easier and no need to generate
the Lessons Learning.
38. Which is not a Reasons for investigating accidents and incidents:
identify root causes and underlying causes of the incident;
prevent the incident happening again (which could result in a more serious outcome next
time);
allow risk assessments to be updated so that organisations learn from past experience;
to maintain the document and record for enforcement authority only;
enable patterns and trends to be discovered;
Correct Answer: to maintain the document and record for enforcement authority only;
39. Safety Leadership engagement should be a priority and can be represented by various
ways. Select the most inappropriate options:
scheduling in committee meetings for the full year, and then sticking to the dates, provides a
clear demo...
Management should participate in the consultation process and not cancel meetings or fail to
attend as ...
Plant stand downs or 'town hall' meetings can also be a useful demonstration of their
commitment to en...
As a critical safety process, the arrangements for consulting and engaging should be audited
like any oth...
Management can delay the Safety Committee and "Town Hall" meetings as these
arrangements are not r...
Correct Answer: Management can delay the Safety Committee and "Town Hall" meetings as
these arrangements are not r...
40. Health and safety policy (plan) should be a clear demonstration of the aims of the
organisation towards health and safety, together with the vision and commitment to achieve
these goals. Select the most inappropriate option:
It should also commit to complying with legislation and to continually improving the
processes.
It should not come from board level.
This should include the processes for the identification of hazards and the reduction of risks.
The plan should then seek to deliver a reduction in risk while prioritising the biggest issues.
At the same time, the plan should also identify potential breaches of, or changes in,
legislation, and addre...
Correct Answer: It should not come from board level.