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IDS Chapter 3

Chapter 3 discusses the three-level abstraction model of Database Management Systems (DBMS), which includes external, conceptual, and internal views. Each level is described by a schema that outlines the records and relationships, with the external schema mapping user views to the conceptual view, and the internal schema detailing data storage methods. Additionally, users of DBMS are classified based on their expertise, ranging from naïve users to database administrators who manage the database's structure and functionality.

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0 views8 pages

IDS Chapter 3

Chapter 3 discusses the three-level abstraction model of Database Management Systems (DBMS), which includes external, conceptual, and internal views. Each level is described by a schema that outlines the records and relationships, with the external schema mapping user views to the conceptual view, and the internal schema detailing data storage methods. Additionally, users of DBMS are classified based on their expertise, ranging from naïve users to database administrators who manage the database's structure and functionality.

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sd-kcoleman6225
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Chapter 3: The Design of

Database Management Systems


By Dr. Ebenezer Anohah
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Three-level abstraction for DBMS
• The database management system can be designed using three
abstraction levels
• These three abstraction levels corresponding to three views, namely,
external view, conceptual view and internal view.
• The highest-level, seen by the user is called external view.
• The middle level of abstraction is putting together all of users’ view, is
called conceptual view.
• The lowest level, a description of the actual method of storing data, is
the internal view.
Three-Level Architecture for DBMS
Three-Level Architecture for DBMS
Three-Level Architecture for DBMS
• The view at each of these levels is described by a scheme.
• A scheme is an outline or a plan that describe the records and
relationships existing in the view.
• The word scheme is used interchangeably in the database literature
with the word schema.
• The word schemas is used in the database for plural.
• The schema describe the way in which entities at one level of
abstraction can be mapped to the next level.
Three-Level Architecture for DBMS
• The external view is described by external schema.
• The external schema also contains the method of deriving the objects
in the external view from the objects in the conceptual view.
• The objects includes entities, attributes, and relationships.
• There is only one conceptual schema per database. This schema also
contains the method of deriving the objects in the conceptual view
from the objects in the internal view.
• The internal view is expressed by the internal schema, which contains
the definition of the stored record, the method of representing the
data fields, and the access aids used.
Classification of DBMS Users
• The users of a database system can be classified depending on their degree
of expertise, or mode of their interactions with the DBMS.
• Naïve users are those who need not be aware of the presence of the base
system.
• End users are those who work through menu-oriented application program
where type and responses are always indicated to the user
• Online users are those who may communicate directly through online
terminal
• Application programmers are those who are responsible for developing
programs our user interfaces utilized by the naïve, end and online users.
Classification of DBMS Users
• Database administrator is someone who has centralized control of a
database. They are most familiar with the database and are
responsible for creating, modifying, and maintaining its three levels
(external, conceptual and internal views)

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