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Definitions 9 database

The document provides definitions and concepts related to databases for the CAIE Computer Science IGCSE curriculum. Key terms include database, table, record, field, and various data types such as Integer and Boolean, along with SQL commands like SELECT, FROM, and WHERE. It also explains the importance of validation and primary keys in maintaining data integrity.

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1 views2 pages

Definitions 9 database

The document provides definitions and concepts related to databases for the CAIE Computer Science IGCSE curriculum. Key terms include database, table, record, field, and various data types such as Integer and Boolean, along with SQL commands like SELECT, FROM, and WHERE. It also explains the importance of validation and primary keys in maintaining data integrity.

Uploaded by

itstanu912
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Definitions and Concepts for CAIE Computer Science IGCSE

Topic 9: Databases

Database: A structured collection of data that can be easily stored, searched, and updated.

Table: A collection of related data entries. This data is held in rows and columns, like a
spreadsheet.

Record: A single row in a database table, representing a complete set of related data about
a single item.

Field: A single column in a database table, representing a specific field type or characteristic
of the data within each record.

Validation: The process of ensuring data within fields and records adheres to predefined
rules to maintain data integrity.

Text / Alphanumeric: Stores letters, numbers, and symbols, but not used for calculations.

Character: Stores a single letter, digit, or symbol.

Boolean: Stores one of two values only: TRUE/FALSE, which can be used to mean Yes/No.

Integer: Whole numbers only (positive or negative), no decimal part.

Real: Numbers that may include a decimal/fractional part.

Date/Time: Stores calendar dates and/or times in a standard format.

Primary Key: A field (or a combination of fields) in a database table that can be used to
uniquely identify each record in that table. Its values must be unique and not null.

SELECT (SQL): An SQL command used to retrieve data from one or more tables in a
database.

FROM (SQL): An SQL clause used with the SELECT statement to specify the table(s) from
which the data is to be retrieved.

WHERE (SQL): An SQL clause used to specify a condition for filtering the records returned
by a query, retrieving only those that meet the condition.

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ORDER BY...ASC | DESC (SQL) : An SQL clause used to sort the result set of a query in
ascending (ASC) or descending (DESC) order based on one or more columns (fields).

SUM (SQL): A SQL command to add up all the values in a numeric field.

COUNT (SQL): A SQL command to count the number of rows that meet a condition (or all
rows if no condition is given).

AND (SQL): A Boolean operator commonly used as part of WHERE clauses to specify that
multiple conditions need to be met.

OR (SQL): A Boolean operator commonly used as part of WHERE clauses to specify that
one or more conditions (out of multiple) must be met.

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