CLASS IX: SCIENCE
Summative Assessment — Complete Solutions & Marking Scheme
SECTION A: BIOLOGY (17 Marks)
Multiple Choice Questions (4 Marks)
Q1. Cell organelle involved in lipid/steroid synthesis & detoxification:
Answer: (b) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Reason: The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) synthesizes lipids and steroids and helps detoxify
drugs and poisons in liver cells.
Q2. Cell swells when placed in a solution. What kind of solution is it?
Answer: (c) Hypotonic solution
Reason: In a hypotonic solution, the surrounding water concentration is higher than inside the cell,
causing water to enter the cell by osmosis and swell.
Q3. Which organelle possesses its own DNA and ribosomes?
Answer: (b) Mitochondria
Reason: Mitochondria (and plastids) contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes, enabling them to
synthesize some of their own proteins.
Q4. Assertion (A): Plant cells withstand external medium changes better than animal cells. Reason
(R): Plant cells possess a rigid cell wall.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Reason: The rigid cellulose cell wall exerts an equal pressure against the swollen cell, preventing plant
cells from bursting in hypotonic environments.
Short Answer Question (2 Marks)
Q5. Why are Lysosomes known as 'suicide bags' of a cell? Under what cellular condition do they
perform this function?
Suicide Bags Function: Lysosomes contain powerful digestive enzymes (hydrolytic enzymes) capable
of breaking down all organic material. If cellular metabolism is disrupted or the cell gets damaged/old,
lysosomes burst and release these enzymes, digesting their own cell.
Cellular Condition: This occurs during cellular damage, starvation, cell aging, or metabolic failure.
Long Answer Questions (6 Marks)
Q6. Draw a neat, labelled diagram of a Prokaryotic cell. Mention two structural differences from a
Eukaryotic cell.
Diagram Description: Key structural components to include in diagram: Cell wall, Plasma membrane,
Nucleoid (naked circular DNA), Ribosomes (70S), and Flagellum/Pili.
Structural Differences:
1. Nuclear Region: Prokaryotes lack a defined nuclear membrane; their genetic material lies freely in a
region called the nucleoid. Eukaryotes have a well-defined membrane-bound nucleus.
2. Membrane-bound Organelles: Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles (e.g., mitochondria,
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus), whereas eukaryotes possess them.
Q7. State the specific functions of the following cell organelles:
(a) Golgi Apparatus: Involved in storage, modification, and packaging of proteins and lipids in vesicles.
It plays a role in complex sugar synthesis and lysosome formation.
(b) Vacuoles (in plant cells): Provide turgidity and rigidity to plant cells. They store essential
substances such as amino acids, sugars, organic acids, and proteins.
(c) Chromoplasts: Non-green colored plastids containing pigments (like carotenoids and xanthophylls)
that impart yellow, orange, or red colors to flowers and fruits to attract pollinators.
Case-Based Question (5 Marks)
Q8. Plasma Membrane & Transport Mechanisms
(a) Selective Permeability (1 Mark): The plasma membrane is called selectively permeable because it
allows or permits the entry and exit of only specific molecules while restricting the movement of others.
(b) RBC in Hypertonic Solution (2 Marks): If a Red Blood Cell is placed in a highly concentrated salt
solution, water moves out of the cell into the surrounding medium due to exo-osmosis. As a result, the
RBC shrinks (crenation/plasmolysis).
(c) Food Acquisition in Amoeba (2 Marks): Amoebae obtain food through Endocytosis
(Phagocytosis). The flexible plasma membrane forms temporary finger-like projections called
pseudopodia around the food particle, engulfing it to form a food vacuole.
SECTION B: CHEMISTRY (16 Marks)
Multiple Choice Questions (3 Marks)
Q9. Which of the following is considered a pure substance?
Answer: (b) Distilled water
Reason: Distilled water consists solely of fixed chemical compound molecules (H₂O) without dissolved
impurities or minerals.
Q10. Best technique to separate two miscible liquids with a boiling point difference of 35°C:
Answer: (a) Simple distillation
Reason: Since the difference in boiling points is greater than 25°C, simple distillation effectively
separates the components without needing a fractionating column.
Q11. Tincture of iodine is made by dissolving:
Answer: (b) iodine in alcohol
Reason: Tincture of iodine is an antiseptic solution consisting of elemental iodine (solute) dissolved in
alcohol/ethanol (solvent).
Short Answer Questions (4 Marks)
Q12. Classify as Physical or Chemical changes:
(a) Burning of paper: Chemical change (irreversible reaction forming ash and carbon dioxide).
(b) Melting of wax: Physical change (state change from solid to liquid without altering chemical
identity).
(c) Rusting of an iron pillar: Chemical change (formation of new substance, hydrated iron oxide).
(d) Dissolving common salt in water: Physical change (can be reversed by evaporation).
Q13. Define Colloidal Solution and state two distinct properties:
Definition: A colloidal solution is a heterogeneous mixture in which solute particle sizes (1–1000 nm)
are intermediate between true solutions and suspensions, remaining uniformly dispersed.
Property 1 (Tyndall Effect): Colloidal particles scatter a beam of light passing through them, making
the path of light clearly visible.
Property 2 (Stability & Filtration): Colloids are stable (particles do not settle under gravity) and cannot
be separated by ordinary filter paper.
Long Answer Question (3 Marks)
Q14. Separation sequence for Ammonium Chloride, Common Salt, and Sand:
Step 1 — Sublimation: Heat the mixture in an evaporating dish covered with an inverted funnel with a
plugged stem. Ammonium chloride sublimes into vapor and deposits as solid on the cooler inner walls
of the funnel, leaving behind salt and sand.
Step 2 — Dissolution & Filtration: Add water to the remaining mixture of sand and salt and stir
thoroughly. Common salt dissolves completely while sand remains insoluble. Filter the mixture; sand is
collected as the residue on filter paper.
Step 3 — Evaporation: Heat the filtrate (salt solution) in a dish until all water evaporates, leaving pure
common salt behind.
Very Long Answer Question (5 Marks)
Q15 (Main). Solubility & Concentration Calculation
(a) Definitions (3 Marks):
• Solute: The component of a solution that is dissolved in the solvent (usually present in a smaller
amount).
• Solvent: The component of a solution that dissolves the solute (usually present in a larger amount).
• Solubility: The maximum mass of a solute in grams that can dissolve in 100 g of solvent at a
specified temperature to form a saturated solution.
(b) Numerical Calculation (2 Marks):
• Given Data: Mass of solute (salt) = 40 g; Mass of solvent (water) = 320 g.
• Total Mass of Solution: 40 g + 320 g = 360 g
• Formula: Mass % = (Mass of Solute / Mass of Solution) × 100
• Calculation: Mass % = (40 / 360) × 100 = 11.11%
Q15 (OR Choice). Distillation Setup & Fractional Distillation Principle
(a) Acetone-Water Separation Setup (3 Marks): Acetone (boiling point 56°C) and water (boiling point
100°C) are miscible liquids with a boiling point difference > 25°C, separated by simple distillation.
Process: Heat the mixture in a distillation flask with a thermometer. Acetone vaporizes first, passes
through a water condenser, condenses, and collects in a receiving flask. Water remains in the
distillation flask.
(b) Fractionating Column Principle (2 Marks): A fractionating column is packed with glass beads to
provide a large surface area for repeated condensation and vaporization cycles. It prevents higher-
boiling vapors from reaching the top until lower-boiling components completely distill, enabling precise
separation of liquids with boiling point differences < 25°C.
SECTION C: PHYSICS (17 Marks)
Multiple Choice Questions (3 Marks)
Q16. Displacement after moving half a circular path of radius r:
Answer: (c) 2r
Reason: After half a circle, the particle is at the diametrically opposite point from start. The shortest
straight-line distance (displacement) equals diameter = 2r.
Q17. Configuration representing a body moving with constant, non-zero acceleration:
Answer: (c) A sloping straight line on a velocity-time graph.
Reason: The slope of a velocity-time graph represents acceleration. A straight line with a non-zero
slope indicates constant non-zero acceleration.
Q18. A boy riding a merry-go-round at a constant speed of 10 m/s is in:
Answer: (c) in accelerated motion
Reason: Circular motion involves continuous changes in the direction of velocity. Since velocity
direction changes continuously, the motion is accelerated despite constant speed.
Short Answer Questions (4 Marks)
Q19. Distinction between Distance and Displacement:
Feature Distance Displacement
Definition Total length of actual path Shortest straight-line distance
covered by a body. from initial to final position.
Quantity Type Scalar quantity (has magnitude Vector quantity (has both
only). magnitude and direction).
Value / Sign Always positive or zero; never Can be positive, negative, or
negative. zero.
Q20. Average Speed Calculation: Object travels 16 m in 4 s and 16 m in 2 s.
• Total Distance: 16 m + 16 m = 32 m
• Total Time: 4 s + 2 s = 6 s
• Formula: Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time
• Calculation: Average Speed = 32 m / 6 s = 5.33 m/s
Long Answer Questions (6 Marks)
Q21. Bus starting from rest with uniform acceleration a = 0.1 m/s² for t = 2 minutes (120 s):
• Given Data: Initial velocity u = 0 m/s; Acceleration a = 0.1 m/s²; Time t = 120 s
(a) Speed Acquired (v): v = u + at => v = 0 + (0.1 × 120) = 12 m/s
(b) Distance Travelled (s): s = ut + ½ at² => s = 0 + ½ × 0.1 × (120)² = 0.05 × 14400 = 720 m
Q22. Velocity-Time (v-t) Graphs & Distance Determination:
(a) Uniform Velocity: Represented by a horizontal straight line parallel to the time axis.
(b) Uniform Acceleration (from rest): Represented by a straight line sloping upwards passing through
origin (0,0).
(c) Distance Determination: The area enclosed between the velocity-time graph line and the time axis
over a given time interval gives the numerical value of the distance travelled by the body.
Very Long Answer Question (5 Marks)
Q23. Graphical Derivations of Equations of Motion & Circular Motion Example
(a) Graphical Derivations (4 Marks): Consider an object moving with initial velocity 'u' at time t=0 and
accelerating uniformly at rate 'a' to reach final velocity 'v' at time 't'.
(i) First Equation (v = u + at): Acceleration = Slope of velocity-time line AB => a = (Change in
velocity) / Time = (v - u) / t => at = v - u => v = u + at.
(ii) Second Equation (s = ut + ½ at²): Distance s = Area under line AB = Area of Rectangle + Area of
Triangle => s = (u × t) + ½ × t × (v - u). Substituting (v - u = at) gives: s = ut + ½ at².
(b) Example of Uniform Circular Motion (1 Mark): Motion of the Earth orbiting around the Sun, or
motion of the tip of a second-hand on a clock.