Notes 01
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764t59r4t5Notes 01
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764t59r4t5🚀 PART 1: SPRING CORE (VERY IMPORTANT FOR INTERVIEW)
🔹 WHAT IS SPRING FRAMEWORK?
👉 A lightweight framework used to build Java applications with loose coupling
and dependency injection.
🔥 DEPENDENCY INJECTION (DI)
🔹 DEFINITION
👉 Dependency Injection is a design pattern where objects are provided by the
Spring container instead of creating them manually.
🔹 WHY DI?
Loose coupling
Easy testing
Reusability
🧩 TYPES OF DEPENDENCY INJECTION
1️⃣ CONSTRUCTOR INJECTION
🔹 DEFINITION
👉 Dependencies are injected through the constructor.
🔹 EXAMPLE
@Component
class Engine {}
@Component
class Car {
Engine engine;
public Car(Engine engine) {
[Link] = engine;
}
}
2️⃣ SETTER INJECTION
🔹 DEFINITION
👉 Dependencies are injected using setter methods.
🔹 EXAMPLE
@Component
class Car {
Engine engine;
@Autowired
public void setEngine(Engine engine) {
[Link] = engine;
}
}
3️⃣ FIELD INJECTION (MOST COMMON BUT NOT RECOMMENDED IN
INTERVIEWS)
🔹 DEFINITION
👉 Dependency is injected directly into field.
🔹 EXAMPLE
@Component
class Car {
@Autowired
Engine engine;
}
⚠️ Interview Tip:
👉 Always say:
✔ Constructor Injection is best practice
🧠 SPRING BEAN
🔹 DEFINITION
👉 A Bean is an object managed by the Spring container.
🏷️ IMPORTANT SPRING ANNOTATIONS (WITH
DEFINITIONS + EXAMPLES)
🔹 @COMPONENT
DEFINITION
👉 Marks a class as a Spring Bean.
EXAMPLE
@Component
class Engine {}
🔹 @SERVICE
DEFINITION
👉 Used for business logic layer.
EXAMPLE
@Service
class UserService {
public void saveUser() {}
}
🔹 @REPOSITORY
DEFINITION
👉 Used for database layer and handles exceptions.
EXAMPLE
@Repository
class UserRepository {
public void save() {}
}
🔹 @CONTROLLER
DEFINITION
👉 Handles web requests (MVC).
EXAMPLE
@Controller
class MyController {
@RequestMapping("/home")
public String home() {
return "[Link]";
}
}
🔹 @RESTCONTROLLER
DEFINITION
👉 Used to create REST APIs (returns JSON/text).
EXAMPLE
@RestController
class ApiController {
@GetMapping("/api")
public String getData() {
return "Data";
}
}
🔹 @AUTOWIRED
DEFINITION
👉 Automatically injects dependency.
EXAMPLE
@Autowired
Engine engine;
🔹 @QUALIFIER
DEFINITION
👉 Used when multiple beans exist to specify which one to inject.
EXAMPLE
@Autowired
@Qualifier("dieselEngine")
Engine engine;
🔹 @SPRINGBOOTAPPLICATION
DEFINITION
👉 Main configuration annotation (combines 3 annotations).
EXAMPLE
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
[Link]([Link], args);
}
}
🚀 PART 2: SPRING INTERVIEW QUESTIONS (WITH
ANSWERS)
❓ WHAT IS IOC (INVERSION OF CONTROL)?
👉 The control of object creation is transferred to Spring container.
❓ WHAT IS BEAN LIFECYCLE?
👉 Steps:
1. Bean creation
2. Dependency injection
3. init()
4. ready to use
5. destroy()
❓ DIFFERENCE: @COMPONENT VS @SERVICE VS @REPOSITORY?
👉 All are same but used for different layers:
Annotation Use
@Component General
@Service Business logic
@Repository Database
❓ WHAT IS SPRING CONTAINER?
👉 It manages beans and dependency injection.
❓ WHAT IS AUTOWIRING?
👉 Automatic dependency injection by Spring.
❓ WHAT IS @REQUESTMAPPING?
👉 Maps URL to method.
❓ WHAT IS @GETMAPPING / @POSTMAPPING?
👉 Shortcut for HTTP methods.
❓ WHAT IS SPRING BOOT STARTER?
👉 Pre-configured dependency package.
🧠 MINI REAL EXAMPLE (IMPORTANT)
@Service
class UserService {
public String getUser() {
return "User Data";
}
}
@RestController
class UserController {
@Autowired
UserService service;
@GetMapping("/user")
public String user() {
return [Link]();
}
🎯 FINAL TRAINER SUMMARY
Now you understand:
✅ DI (3 types)
✅ Bean & lifecycle
✅ All important annotations
✅ Real usage in project