BAEEE101 – BASIC
ENGINEERING
Module – III – ENGINEERING GRAPHICS &
CAD
Lecture – 1
Engineering Drawing - Introduction
Course Faculty:
Dr. Tapan Kumar Mahanta, SMEC
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai
Course Objectives
• To introduce fundamental principles of major engineering disciplines.
• To create awareness of interdisciplinary engineering systems and their
applications
Course Outcomes
At the end of the course students will be able to
1. Analyze the electrical circuits, Electrical Motors and the role of power
electronic converters in industrial applications
2. Acquire foundational knowledge of electronic devices and communication
systems.
3. Apply BIS standards to create basic 2D and 3D
representations of engineering components.
4. Explain the fundamental principles and applications of manufacturing
processes, energy conversion systems, and mechanical automation
technologies.
5. Analyze real-world examples where bio-inspired solutions have led to
breakthroughs in engineering.
Module - III Engineering Graphics and CAD [10 hours]
Lectures Contents to be Delivered in each Lecture
Engineering Drawing - Introduction and Applications - Drawing Sheet
Lecture - 1 Layout, Lines and Lettering types as per Bureau of Indian Standards
[BIS]
Elements of Dimensioning, Dimensioning Systems and Types of
Lecture - 2
Dimensioning, Dimensioning Rules
Lecture - 3 Dimensioning Practice of Simple Sketches - Workbook drawings
Orthographic Projection Principles - First Angle and Third Angle
Lecture - 4
Projections and their symbols - Examples
Lecture - 5 Orthographic projection of Regular Solids [simple position only]
Lecture - 6 Orthographic projection of 3D components - Workbook drawings
Lecture - 7 Orthographic of Projection of 3D components - Workbook drawings
Lecture - 8 Introduction to Isometric Projection and Isometric Scale
Lecture - 9 Isometric Projection of Regular Solids (Cone, Cylinder and Prisms)
Lecture - 10 Perspective Projection [Any one solid] - Visual Ray method only
Engineered World Around Us!
Parts of a Car
Source: [Link]
Is this a Technical Drawing?
Realistic 3D view
Image Source: [Link]
❖ This picture doesn't preserve true measurements and shapes. This type
of projections are often used where visual appeal is important.
Can a rough sketch is sufficient for manufacturing?
Parts cannot be accurately manufactured without precise and
standardized dimensioning in the technical drawings.
Image Source: [Link]
What is Engineering Drawing?
Engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing that engineers
use to communicate design ideas and technical information
about a product or structure. Behind every physical object we see and
use, lies a blueprint. This blueprint is
known as an Engineering Drawing
Engineering Drawing - Example
Engineering Drawing - Why?
(Language of Engineers)
❑ All Engineered components worldwide rely on
Engineering drawings to translate design concepts into
manufacturable products.
❑ An Engineering drawing is essential for the fabrication
of any component, as it provides comprehensive visual
information, including geometry, dimensions,
tolerances, and other critical specifications.
❑ The process of representing a three-dimensional object
through multiple two-dimensional views—typically the
front, top, and side—is known as orthographic
projection.
Applications of Engineering Drawing
❑ Engineering drawings are essential across all
manufacturing processes to ensure components are
produced within specified dimensions and tolerances.
From small scale to larger scale products
[Link] [Link]
Applications of Engineering Drawing
Source:
[Link]
lls-royce-and-greubel-forsey Source: [Link]
services/[Link]
One needs “Engineering Drawing” to make small assembly to
bigger assembly
Drawing Sheet - Layout
Standard sizes of Drawing sheets as per BIS
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm
Title Block Details
Key Functions of a Title Block:
•Identifies the drawing (title, number, revision)
•Shows ownership (company name, designer, approver)
•Provides scale and projection method
•Tracks revisions and dates
•Lists material and technical details
•Ensures standardization and compliance
•Helps with drawing organization (sheet numbers, references)
Manual Draft to CAD Migration
Before the invention of CAD,
1950-1980
General Motors Technical Center in Warren Michigan.
Source: [Link]
Manual Draft to CAD Migration
Today’s world of Design
[Link]
Applications of CAD
1. Computer Aided Drafting
2. Geometric modelling
3. Computer Aided Assembly
4. Computer Aided Simulation & Analysis
5. Optimization
6. Collaborative design
7. CAD/CAM integration
Applications of CAD
Drafting Modelling & Assembly Simulation
Optimization CAM 3D Printing
B.I.S. Code of Practice
[Bureau of Indian Standards]
❑ The Indian Standards Institution (I.S.I.) now Bureau of Indian Standards
(B.I.S.), in its earlier versions of Indian Standard (IS:696) 'Code of Practice
for General Engineering Drawing' published in 1955 and revised in 1960
had recommended the use of third-angle projection method.
❑ In the second revised version of this standard published in December
1973, the committee responsible for its preparation left the option of
selecting first-angle or third-angle projection method to the users.
❑ The committee again reviewed the position and finally recommended
revised SP:46-1988 and SP:46-2003 for implementation of first-angle
method of projection in our country, by replacing earlier IS:696 drawing
standard.
❑ Persons engaged in engineering profession may come across drawings
from industries and organizations following any one method. It is
therefore necessary for them to be perfectly conversant with both the
methods.