Nanyang Technological University MH2801 Complex Methods for the Sciences
Problem Set 1
Review on Complex Numbers
23 Jan 2026
1. Show that the equation
|z − c| + |z − d| = α
represents an ellipse in the complex plane, where c and d are complex constants, and α is a real
constant. Determine the center of the ellipse and its semi-major axis and semi-minor axis.
2. Show that z = a eiφ + b e−iφ is the equation of an ellipse in the complex plane, where a and b are
complex constants. Determine the center of the ellipse and its semi-major and semi-minor axes.
3. Show that sin(z) = sin(x) cosh(y) + i cos(x) sinh(y) and cos(z) = cos(x) cosh(y) − i sin(x) sinh(y).
4. Show that sinh(z) = sinh(x) cos(y) + i cosh(x) sin(y) and cosh(z) = cosh(x) cos(y) + i sinh(x) sin(y).
5. Show that | sin(z)|2 = sin2 (x) + sinh2 (y) and | cos(z)|2 = cos2 (x) + sinh2 (y).
√
6. Show that sinh−1 (z) = ln z + z2 + 1 and tanh−1 (z) = 12 ln 1+z 1−z
.