Chapter

TRIANGLES 6

CLASS X • MATHEMATICS
TRIANGLES
Module-Style Question Bank

Pattern: Basic → Advanced → Miscellaneous → Case-Based

Coverage: Similarity, Basic Proportionality Theorem, similarity criteria, areas of similar

triangles, Pythagoras theorem and converse, and applications.

Note: This is an original practice set created after analyzing the organization, progression,
and question style of the five uploaded Class X Mathematics PDFs. It is not a copy of their
questions.

Exercise-1 • Foundation Practice

Exercise-2 • Advanced & Competency Practice

Exercise-3 • Miscellaneous & Case-Based Practice

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 1

 Chapter
TRIANGLES 6

Exercise-1

Part - 1 (Basic Multiple Choice Questions)

1. Which of the following is a correct criterion for proving two triangles similar?
(a) SSS only
(b) AA
(c) RHS only
(d) ASA only
2. If ΔABC ~ ΔDEF and AB/DE = 2/3, then if BC = 8 cm, EF is:
(a) 12 cm
(b) 6 cm
(c) 10 cm
(d) 16 cm
3. The sides of a triangle are 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm. The triangle is:
(a) Equilateral
(b) Isosceles
(c) Right-angled
(d) Obtuse-angled
4. In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC with D on AB and E on AC. If AD = 3 cm, DB = 2 cm and AE = 6 cm, then EC is:
(a) 3 cm
(b) 4 cm
(c) 5 cm
(d) 6 cm
5. If two similar triangles have corresponding sides in the ratio 3 : 5, the ratio of their areas is:
(a) 3 : 5
(b) 6 : 10
(c) 9 : 25
(d) 25 : 9
6. A right triangle has legs 6 cm and 8 cm. Its altitude to the hypotenuse is:
(a) 4.8 cm
(b) 5 cm
(c) 6 cm
(d) 7.2 cm
7. If two similar triangles have corresponding sides in the ratio 4 : 7, their areas are in the ratio:
(a) 4 : 7
(b) 8 : 14
(c) 16 : 49
(d) 49 : 16
8. A triangle whose sides are 7 cm, 24 cm and 25 cm is:
(a) Right-angled
(b) Acute-angled
(c) Obtuse-angled
(d) Equilateral
9. If ΔABC ~ ΔPQR, ∠A = 50° and ∠Q = 60°, then ∠B is:
(a) 50°
(b) 60°
(c) 70°
(d) 80°

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 2

 10. If the areas of two similar triangles are 64 cm² and 100 cm², the ratio of corresponding sides of the
smaller to the larger triangle is:
(a) 4 : 5
(b) 8 : 10
(c) 16 : 25
(d) 5 : 4
11. If DE ∥ BC in ΔABC and AD/DB = 2/3, then AE/EC equals:
(a) 2/3
(b) 3/2
(c) 2/5
(d) 3/5
12. Which statement is the converse of the Pythagoras theorem?
(a) If a triangle is right-angled, its sides satisfy a²+b²=c².
(b) If a²+b²=c², the triangle is right-angled.
(c) All equilateral triangles are right-angled.
(d) If two sides are equal, the triangle is right-angled.
13. If ΔABC ~ ΔDEF and AB = 5 cm, DE = 8 cm, then area(ABC) : area(DEF) is:
(a) 5 : 8
(b) 25 : 64
(c) 64 : 25
(d) 10 : 16
14. In two similar triangles, the ratio of corresponding altitudes is:
(a) Always 1 : 1
(b) Equal to the ratio of corresponding sides
(c) The square of the side ratio
(d) The inverse square of the side ratio
15. If the sides of a triangle are 5 cm, 12 cm and 13 cm, the largest angle is:
(a) Opposite 5 cm side
(b) Opposite 12 cm side
(c) Opposite 13 cm side
(d) 60° exactly

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 3

 Chapter
TRIANGLES 6

Part - 2 (Basic Subjective Type Questions)

1. Prove the Basic Proportionality Theorem: If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the
other two sides, it divides those sides in the same ratio.
2. In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC, where D lies on AB and E lies on AC. If AD = 4 cm, DB = 6 cm and AC = 15 cm, find AE
and EC.
3. Two triangles are similar and their corresponding sides are in the ratio 5 : 7. If the area of the smaller
triangle is 100 cm², find the area of the larger triangle.
4. The sides of a right triangle are 9 cm, 12 cm and 15 cm. Verify the Pythagoras theorem.
5. In ΔABC and ΔDEF, ∠A = ∠D and ∠B = ∠E. If AB = 6 cm, DE = 9 cm and BC = 8 cm, find EF and state the
criterion used.
6. In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC. If AD = 5 cm, DB = 3 cm and AE = 10 cm, find AC.
7. Two similar triangles have areas 81 cm² and 144 cm². If a corresponding side of the first triangle is 12 cm,
find the corresponding side of the second triangle.
8. Show that a triangle with sides 8 cm, 15 cm and 17 cm is right-angled.
9. A 1.5 m tall student casts a shadow 2 m long. At the same time, a tree casts a shadow 12 m long. Find the
height of the tree, assuming the sun rays are parallel.
10. ΔABC ~ ΔPQR. If AB : PQ = 3 : 5 and the perimeter of ΔABC is 24 cm, find the perimeter of ΔPQR.

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 4

 Chapter
TRIANGLES 6

Exercise-2

Part - 1 (Advanced Multiple Choice Questions)

1. In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC. If AD : DB = 3 : 2, then which is necessarily true?
(a) AE : EC = 2 : 3
(b) AE : AC = 3 : 5
(c) DE : BC = 2 : 5
(d) AB : DB = 2 : 3
2. If ΔABC ~ ΔDEF and AB/DE = 3/4, then the ratio of their perimeters and areas respectively is:
(a) 3:4 and 3:4
(b) 3:4 and 9:16
(c) 9:16 and 3:4
(d) 4:3 and 16:9
3. Two similar triangles have areas 225 cm² and 400 cm². If the difference between corresponding sides is 5
cm, the smaller corresponding side is:
(a) 10 cm
(b) 15 cm
(c) 20 cm
(d) 25 cm
4. In a right triangle ABC, ∠B = 90° and BD AC. If AD = 9 cm and DC = 16 cm, then BD is:
(a) 10 cm
(b) 12 cm
(c) 14 cm
(d) 15 cm
5. A triangle has sides 10 cm, 24 cm and 26 cm. If its largest angle is θ, then:
(a) sin θ = 5/13
(b) cos θ = 5/13
(c) sin θ = 12/13
(d) cos θ = 12/13
6. If the areas of two similar triangles are in the ratio 49 : 81, the ratio of their corresponding medians is:
(a) 7 : 9
(b) 49 : 81
(c) 9 : 7
(d) 14 : 81
7. In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC and AD/AB = 2/5. Then the ratio area(ΔADE) : area(ΔABC) is:
(a) 2:5
(b) 4:25
(c) 5:2
(d) 25:4
8. If ΔABC ~ ΔPQR, ∠A = 2∠P and ∠B = 3∠Q, then the pair of triangles can be similar only if:
(a) ∠P = 0°
(b) ∠P = 18°
(c) ∠P = 30°
(d) ∠P = 45°
9. A triangle has sides 9 cm, 40 cm and 41 cm. The altitude to the side 41 cm is:
(a) 180/41 cm
(b) 360/41 cm
(c) 9 cm
(d) 40 cm

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 5

 10. If a line divides two sides of a triangle proportionally, then it is:
(a) Always perpendicular to the third side
(b) Parallel to the third side
(c) Equal to the third side
(d) A median
11. Two similar triangles have corresponding altitudes 8 cm and 12 cm. If the area of the larger is 135 cm²,
the area of the smaller is:
(a) 60 cm²
(b) 80 cm²
(c) 90 cm²
(d) 100 cm²
12. If the sides of a triangle are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 4, then the triangle is:
(a) Right-angled
(b) Acute-angled
(c) Obtuse-angled
(d) Equilateral
13. A ladder 13 m long reaches a wall at a height of 12 m. Its foot is how far from the wall?
(a) 3 m
(b) 4 m
(c) 5 m
(d) 6 m
14. If two triangles have equal corresponding angles, then they are:
(a) Congruent only
(b) Similar
(c) Always equal in area
(d) Always equal in perimeter
15. In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC. If AD = x, DB = x+2, AE = x+1 and EC = x+5, then x is:
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
16. The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is 121 : 169. If a side of the smaller is 22 cm, the
corresponding side of the larger is:
(a) 24 cm
(b) 26 cm
(c) 28 cm
(d) 30 cm
17. If a² + b² = c² for positive side lengths a,b,c satisfying triangle inequalities, then the angle opposite c is:
(a) Acute
(b) Right
(c) Obtuse
(d) Cannot be determined
18. In a right triangle, the altitude to the hypotenuse divides it into segments 4 cm and 9 cm. The hypotenuse
is:
(a) 5 cm
(b) 13 cm
(c) 18 cm
(d) 36 cm
19. If ΔABC ~ ΔDEF and AB:DE = 2:3, while the area of ΔABC is 32 cm², then the difference between the
areas of ΔDEF and ΔABC is:
(a) 40 cm²
(b) 48 cm²
(c) 72 cm²
(d) 96 cm²

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 6

 20. A point D lies on AB of ΔABC such that AD:DB = 1:2. A line through D parallel to BC meets AC at E. Then
ΔADE : ΔABC is:
(a) 1:2
(b) 1:3
(c) 1:4
(d) 1:9
21. If the sides of two similar triangles are in ratio 5:6 and their difference in areas is 44 cm², the area of the
smaller triangle is:
(a) 100 cm²
(b) 220 cm²
(c) 500 cm²
(d) 720 cm²
22. A triangle has sides 13 cm, 14 cm and 15 cm. Its area is:
(a) 42 cm²
(b) 84 cm²
(c) 90 cm²
(d) 96 cm²
23. If ΔABC ~ ΔDEF, and AB = 3DE while BC = 3EF, then:
(a) AC = DE
(b) AC = 3DF
(c) AC = DF/3
(d) AC = 9DF
24. The corresponding sides of two similar triangles are 7 cm and 21 cm. If the altitude of the smaller is 5 cm,
the altitude of the larger is:
(a) 10 cm
(b) 12 cm
(c) 15 cm
(d) 21 cm
25. Which one of the following is sufficient to prove two triangles similar?
(a) Three corresponding sides proportional
(b) One pair of sides equal
(c) One angle equal
(d) Equal perimeters

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 7

 Chapter
TRIANGLES 6

Part - 2 (Advanced Subjective Type Questions)

1. Prove the converse of the Basic Proportionality Theorem: If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the
same ratio, then the line is parallel to the third side.
2. In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC. If AD = 6 cm, DB = 4 cm and AC = 15 cm, find AE and EC. Hence find DE:BC.
3. Prove the Pythagoras theorem using the similarity of triangles formed by the altitude from the right angle
to the hypotenuse.
4. In right ΔABC, ∠B = 90° and BD AC. If AD = 4 cm and DC = 9 cm, find AB, BC and BD.
5. Two similar triangles have areas 256 cm² and 400 cm². If the perimeter of the smaller triangle is 48 cm,
find the perimeter of the larger triangle.
6. From a point on the ground, the height-and-shadow setup of two vertical poles is represented by similar
triangles. A 2 m pole casts a 3 m shadow while a tower casts a 27 m shadow. Find the tower's height.
7. In ΔABC, DE ∥ BC. If AD = 3 cm, AB = 9 cm and the area of ΔADE is 20 cm², find the area of ΔABC and the
ratio DE:BC.
8. Show that if two triangles are similar, then the ratio of their areas is equal to the square of the ratio of their
corresponding altitudes.
9. A 25 m high building and a 1.5 m tall pole cast shadows at the same time. If the pole's shadow is 2.4 m,
find the building's shadow.
10. In a right triangle, the hypotenuse is 25 cm and one leg is 7 cm. Find the other leg and the altitude from
the right angle to the hypotenuse.
11. ΔABC ~ ΔDEF. If AB = 4 cm, BC = 6 cm, AC = 8 cm and DE = 10 cm, find EF, DF and the perimeter of
ΔDEF.
12. Prove that if two triangles are similar, then their corresponding angle bisectors are proportional to their
corresponding sides.

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 8

 Chapter
TRIANGLES 6

Exercise-3

Part - 1 (Advanced Miscellaneous Questions)

1. Assertion (A): If two triangles are similar, their corresponding altitudes are proportional to their
corresponding sides.
Reason (R): Similar triangles have equal corresponding angles and proportional corresponding sides.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
2. Statement I: A triangle with sides 8, 15, 17 is right-angled.
Statement II: A triangle is right-angled if the square of its largest side equals the sum of the squares of the
other two sides.
(a) Both statements are true.
(b) I is true but II is false.
(c) I is false but II is true.
(d) Both statements are false.
3. If ΔABC ~ ΔPQR and AB/PQ = 4/7, which of the following must be true?
(a) BC/QR = 7/4
(b) AC/PR = 4/7
(c) Area(ABC)/Area(PQR) = 4/7
(d) Perimeter ratio = 49/16
4. Match the following:
A. AA criterion B. BPT C. Pythagoras theorem D. Converse of Pythagoras theorem
1. Proves a triangle is right-angled from side lengths 2. Proves similarity using two equal angles 3. Relates
sides of a right triangle 4. Gives proportional division when a parallel line is drawn
(a) A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
(b) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
(c) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
(d) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
5. A student claims: “If the areas of two triangles are equal, then the triangles must be similar.” Which
response is correct?
(a) Always true.
(b) True only for equilateral triangles.
(c) False; equal area alone does not prove similarity.
(d) True when one pair of sides is equal.
6. If a triangle has sides 11 cm, 60 cm and 61 cm, its largest angle is:
(a) Acute
(b) Right
(c) Obtuse
(d) 60°
7. A pair of similar triangles has side ratio 2:5. If the difference of their areas is 189 cm², the smaller area is:
(a) 21 cm²
(b) 36 cm²
(c) 42 cm²
(d) 63 cm²
8. A right triangle has hypotenuse 17 cm and one leg 8 cm. The other leg is:
(a) 9 cm
(b) 12 cm
(c) 15 cm
(d) 16 cm

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 9

 Part - 2 (Case-Based Questions)
Case Study 1 — School Flagpole
A school flagpole and a nearby student are used to estimate the height of the flagpole. The student is 1.6 m
tall and casts a 2.4 m shadow. At the same instant, the flagpole casts a 15 m shadow.
(a) Which similarity idea is used in this situation?
(b) Write the proportion relating height and shadow length.
(c) Find the height of the flagpole.
(d) If the flagpole's shadow became 18 m while the student's shadow became 2.88 m, would the estimated
height change? Give a reason.

Case Study 2 — Right-Triangle Construction

A carpenter makes a triangular support with side lengths 9 m, 12 m and 15 m. A perpendicular is drawn from
the right angle to the 15 m side, dividing it into two parts.
(a) Verify that the support is a right triangle.
(b) If the two parts of the hypotenuse are x and y, write x + y.
(c) Find the altitude to the hypotenuse.
(d) Find the two projections of the legs on the hypotenuse.

Case Study 3 — Parallel Beam

In ΔABC, a beam DE is fixed parallel to BC, with D on AB and E on AC. The measured lengths are AD = 4 cm,
DB = 6 cm and AE = 5 cm.
(a) Find AC.
(b) Find EC.
(c) Find the ratio AD:AB.
(d) If BC = 15 cm, find DE.

Case Study 4 — Similar Garden Designs

Two triangular garden designs are similar. The sides of the smaller design are 6 m, 8 m and 10 m. The
corresponding shortest side of the larger design is 15 m.
(a) Find the scale factor from smaller to larger.
(b) Find the other two sides of the larger design.
(c) Find the ratio of the areas of the smaller and larger designs.
(d) If the smaller garden costs Rs. 24,000 to tile, assuming cost is proportional to area, find the larger
garden's tiling cost.

Case Study 5 — Roof Truss

A triangular roof truss is right-angled. Its perpendicular sides are 12 m and 16 m. A support line is drawn from
the right angle to the hypotenuse.
(a) Find the hypotenuse.
(b) Find the area of the triangle.
(c) Find the altitude to the hypotenuse.
(d) Explain why the two smaller triangles formed by the altitude are similar to the original triangle.

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 10

 Chapter
TRIANGLES 6

Answer Key & Final Answers

Basic Multiple Choice Questions

1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B, 5-C, 6-A, 7-C, 8-A, 9-B, 10-A, 11-A, 12-B, 13-B, 14-B, 15-C

Basic Subjective Type Questions

1. Proof using the area method and equal-altitude triangles.
2. AE = 6 cm, EC = 9 cm.
3. Area of larger triangle = 196 cm².
4. 9² + 12² = 15² = 225; verified.
5. ΔABC ~ ΔDEF by AA; EF = 12 cm.
6. AC = 16 cm.
7. Corresponding side = 16 cm.
8. 8² + 15² = 17²; hence right-angled.
9. Tree height = 9 m.
10. Perimeter of ΔPQR = 40 cm.

Advanced Multiple Choice Questions

1-B, 2-B, 3-B, 4-B, 5-B, 6-A, 7-B, 8-A, 9-B, 10-B, 11-C, 12-B, 13-C, 14-B, 15-A, 16-B, 17-B, 18-B, 19-A, 20-C, 21-A, 22-B,
23-B, 24-C, 25-A

Advanced Subjective Type Questions

1. Use the converse BPT and the uniqueness of the parallel through a point.
2. AE = 9 cm, EC = 6 cm; DE:BC = 3:5.
3. Standard similarity proof of Pythagoras theorem.
4. BD = 6 cm, AB = 2√13 cm, BC = 3√13 cm.
5. Perimeter of larger triangle = 60 cm.
6. Tower height = 18 m.
7. Area(ABC) = 180 cm²; DE:BC = 1:3.
8. Area ratio equals the square of the corresponding altitude ratio.
9. Building shadow = 40 m.
10. Other leg = 24 cm; altitude = 168/25 cm = 6.72 cm.
11. EF = 15 cm, DF = 20 cm, perimeter = 50 cm.
12. Use the angle-bisector theorem together with similarity to establish proportionality.

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 11

 Chapter
TRIANGLES 6

Miscellaneous & Case-Based Answers

1-A (both true and R explains A).
2-A.
3-B.
4-A.
5-C.
6-B.
7-B (36 cm²).
8-C (15 cm).
Case 1
(a) Similar triangles.
(b) 1.6/2.4 = H/15.
(c) H = 10 m.
(d) No; the same height-to-shadow ratio is preserved.
Case 2
(a) 9² + 12² = 15².
(b) x+y = 15 m.
(c) Altitude = 36/5 m = 7.2 m.
(d) Projections = 81/15 = 5.4 m and 144/15 = 9.6 m.
Case 3
(a) AC = 10 cm.
(b) EC = 5 cm.
(c) AD:AB = 4:10 = 2:5.
(d) DE = 6 cm.
Case 4
(a) Scale factor = 15/6 = 5/2.
(b) Sides = 20 m and 25 m.
(c) Area ratio = 4:25.
(d) Rs. 1,50,000.
Case 5
(a) Hypotenuse = 20 m.
(b) Area = 96 m².
(c) Altitude = 48/5 m = 9.6 m.
(d) Each smaller triangle is similar to the original by AA.

Pattern note: The five uploaded modules consistently use a four-part progression—basic MCQs, basic
subjective questions, advanced/competency MCQs, and advanced subjective questions—followed by
miscellaneous/case-based practice and an answer key. This Triangles set follows that progression.

TRIANGLES Class - X (Module • Mathematics) 12