Grade 8 Math Formulas Compressed
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jeptoo6248Grade 8 Math Formulas Compressed
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jeptoo6248Measurements & Commercial Arithmetic Formula Sheet
Grade 8 Mathematics
1. The Circle & Its Parts
• Circumference: The total distance around the outside of a circle.
– C = πd or C = 2πr
22
– (Where d = diameter, r = radius, π ≈ 7 or 3.142)
• Length of an Arc: A fraction of the circumference defined by an angle (θ).
– L= θ
360◦ × 2πr
• Perimeter of a Sector: The distance around a sector (the arc length plus the two radii).
θ
– P = L + 2r or P = 360 ◦ × 2πr + 2r
• Area of a Circle: The total space inside the circle.
– A = πr2
• Area of a Sector: The space inside a specific slice.
– A= θ
360◦ × πr2
2. Surface Area (SA) of 3D Shapes
• Cube (all 6 sides equal): SA = 6s2
• Cuboid (length l, width w, height h): SA = 2(lw + lh + wh)
• Cylinder:
– Closed (two circular bases + curved surface): SA = 2πr2 + 2πrh
– Open at one end: SA = πr2 + 2πrh
– Open pipe (no bases): SA = 2πrh
• Triangular Prism: Sum of the 2 identical triangular bases and 3 rectangular sides.
– SA = bh + L(s1 + s2 + s3 )
– (Where b = triangle base, h = triangle height, L = prism length, s1 , s2 , s3 = triangle side lengths)
• Area of Irregular Shapes:
Half Squares
– Method 1 (Grid): Area ≈ Full Squares + 2
– Method 2 (Decomposition): Break the shape down into standard shapes (rectangles, tri-
angles) and calculate their sum.
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3. Commercial Arithmetic (Money)
• Basic Definitions:
– Principal (P): The initial amount of money borrowed or invested.
– Interest (I): The extra money earned or paid over time.
– Amount (A): Total money after time. A = P + I
• Simple Interest: Interest calculated only on the original principal.
P× R× T
– I= 100
– (Where P = Principal, R = Rate (%), T = Time (in years))
• Compound Interest: Interest calculated on the principal AND the accumulated interest.
R n
– Amount: A = P 1 + 100
– Compound Interest: CI = A − P
– (Where n = number of compounding periods, usually years)
• Appreciation & Depreciation:
R n
– Appreciation (Growth in value): Value = P 1 + 100
R n
– Depreciation (Loss in value): Value = P 1 − 100
• Hire Purchase (HP): Buying an item by paying an initial deposit and the rest in monthly
installments.
– HP Value = Deposit + (Installments × Amount per Installment)
– Carrying Charge (Extra Cost) = HP Value − Cash Price