Class 10 - Computer Applications (Code 165)
Complete One-Shot Notes - CBSE 2026
Based on: [Link] | Prateik Sir | Full Syllabus Revision
UNIT 1: NETWORKING (15 Marks)
1. Internet Basics
• Internet: Global network of interconnected computers using TCP/IP.
• WWW (World Wide Web): Collection of websites linked via hyperlinks, invented by Tim Berners-Lee.
• Web Server: Stores websites, e.g., Apache. Web Client: Browser requesting data.
• Web Page vs Website: Page = single HTML doc, Website = collection of pages.
• Web Browser: Software to access web - Chrome, Firefox. Web Address/URL:
[Link]
• Email Address: user@[Link]
• Blog: Online journal, Newsgroup: Discussion forum on specific topic
• Uploading: Sending data to server, Downloading: Receiving from server
2. Internet Protocols
Protocol Full Form & Use
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol - Base of Internet
HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol - for web pages (port 80), not secure
HTTPS HTTP Secure - encrypted with SSL (port 443)
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - Sending emails
POP3 Post Office Protocol v3 - Receiving emails, deletes from server
FTP File Transfer Protocol - File upload/download
SFTP/SCP Secure FTP / Secure Copy - Encrypted file transfer
SSH Secure Shell - Remote login securely
TELNET Remote login - insecure
3. Internet Services & Web Services
• Information Retrieval: Search engines (Google), finding people via social networks
• Chat: Real-time text (WhatsApp, Telegram)
• Email: Electronic mail
• Video Conferencing: Zoom, Google Meet
• e-Learning: Online education (BYJU'S, Khan Academy)
• e-Banking, e-Shopping, e-Reservation, e-Governance, e-Groups: All online services
• Social Networking: Facebook, Instagram
4. Mobile Technologies
• SMS: Short Message Service - 160 chars text
• MMS: Multimedia Messaging - images/video
• 3G: 3rd Gen - 2 Mbps, video calling
• 4G: 4th Gen - 100 Mbps, fast internet
• 5G: 5th Gen - 10 Gbps+, ultra low latency, IoT
UNIT 2: HTML (25 Marks) - Most Important for Board
1. Basics
• HTML = HyperText Markup Language
• Tag: , Most have opening & closing: Bold
• Structure:
<html>
<head><title>My Page</title></head>
<body bgcolor="lightblue" text="black">
Content here
</body></html>
Body Attributes: bgcolor, background (image), text, link, vlink, alink, background, leftmargin, topmargin
2. Important Tags List (Must Remember)
Tag Use & Attributes
<h1>.. <h6> Headings - h1 largest, h6 smallest
<p> Paragraph, align=left/right/center/justify
<br> Line Break - empty tag
<hr> Horizontal Rule - attributes: width, size, color, align, noshade
<!-- --> Comment - not displayed
<b>, <i>, <u> Bold, Italic, Underline
<font> face, size (1-7), color
<sup>, <sub> Superscript (x²), Subscript (H■O)
<ul>, <ol>, <li> Unordered (type=disc/circle/square), Ordered (type=1/A/a/I/i, start), List Item
<dl>, <dt>, <dd> Description List, Term, Definition
3. Images, Links, Tables
<img src="[Link]" width="200" height="150" alt="My Pic" border="2" align="right">
• Anchor / Link: <a href="[Link] target="_blank">Google</a>
target=_blank/_self/_parent/_top, mailto: for email
• Table:
<table border="1" bgcolor="yellow" width="80%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="2"
align="center">
<tr><th>Name</th><th>Marks</th></tr>
<tr><td rowspan="2">Ram</td><td>90</td></tr>
</table>
• Attributes: border, bordercolor, bgcolor, background, width, height, align, cellpadding (space inside cell),
cellspacing (space between cells), rowspan, colspan, valign
4. Forms - Very Important for Practical
<form method="get/post" action="[Link]">
<input type="text" name="username" maxlength="20" size="30" value="">
<input type="password" name="pwd">
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="M" checked>Male
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="cricket">Cricket
<select name="city" size="1" multiple><option value="delhi"
selected>Delhi</option></select>
<textarea rows="5" cols="30">Type here</textarea>
<input type="submit" value="Submit"> <input type="reset">
</form>
5. Audio / Video Embed
<audio controls src="song.mp3" autoplay loop></audio>
<video width="320" height="240" controls autoplay><source src="movie.mp4"></video>
<embed src="[Link]" width="300" height="200"> (old tag)
6. CSS - Cascading Style Sheets
• Inline: <p style="color:red; background-color:yellow; font-family:Arial; font-size:20px; font-style:italic;
text-align:center; margin:10px; border-style:solid; width:50%; height:100px; float:left;">
• Internal: Inside <head> <style> p { color:blue; } </style>
• External: <link rel="stylesheet" href="[Link]">
• Important Properties: color, background-color, border-style (solid/dotted/dashed), margin, height, width,
outline, font-family, font-style, font-size, text-align, float (left/right/none)
UNIT 3: CYBER ETHICS (10 Marks) + SHORT FORM
1. Netiquettes
• Rules of good behavior on internet
• Do's: Respect privacy, Use proper language, Acknowledge sources, Check facts before forwarding
• Don'ts: Don't spam, Don't cyberbully, Don't share personal info, Don't use all caps (shouting)
2. Software Licenses & Open Source
• Proprietary Software: Paid, closed source, e.g., MS Office, Windows
• Freeware: Free but closed source, e.g., Adobe Reader
• Shareware: Free trial then pay
• Open Source (OSS): Free + source code available + can modify. e.g., Linux, Python, Firefox, VLC
• GPL, Apache, MIT are open source licenses
3. IPR, Plagiarism, Digital Property
• IPR: Intellectual Property Rights - rights of creator over invention
• Copyright: Protects literary/artistic work
• Patent: Protects invention
• Trademark: Logo/brand
• Plagiarism: Copying others work without credit - punishable, can lead to legal action, job loss
• Digital Property Rights: Protects digital content
4. Freedom of Information & Digital Divide
• Freedom of Information: Right to access info
• Digital Divide: Gap between people with and without access to technology due to
economic/social/geographic reasons
5. E-commerce - Privacy, Fraud, Secure Data
• E-commerce: Buying/selling online
• Privacy: Personal data theft risk
• Fraud: Phishing, fake websites, OTP fraud
• Secure Transmission: Use HTTPS, SSL, OTP, Strong passwords, Avoid public WiFi for banking
SHORT FORM - Quick Revision (One Page)
Topic Remember This
Protocols HTTP-80, HTTPS-443 secure, SMTP-send, POP3-receive, FTP-file, SSH-secure login
HTML Structure <html><head><title><body> - body has bgcolor, text, link, background
Text Tags h1-h6 heading, p para, b/i/u, font face/size/color, sup/sub, br, hr, comment
Lists ul-disc/circle/square, ol-1/A/a/I/i + start, dl/dt/dd
Image <img src width height alt border align>
Link <a href mailto target=_blank>
Table table>tr>th/td, rowspan, colspan, cellpadding, cellspacing, border, width, align
Form text, password, radio (same name), checkbox, select>option, textarea, submit/reset, method get/post
Media audio controls src, video width height controls, embed
CSS color, background-color, border-style, margin, width/height, font-family/size/style, text-align, float
Cyber Ethics Netiquette=good behavior, OSS=free+source (Linux), Plagiarism=copy without credit, Digital Divide=gap, E-comme
Board Exam Tips: HTML 25 marks = write exact syntax, attributes compulsory. For 2/3 marks, give example
code. For Cyber Ethics, always write definition + example. Practice 10 HTML pages for lab (50 marks
practical).