Careers in science and technology
2024-2025
PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA
MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
University of Guelma
Institut of Telecommunication
Department of systems telecommunications
Careers in science and technology
Page 1
Careers in science and technology
Chapter I
What are engineering sciences?
I.1 Introduction
The engineering sciences encompass many different fields: electronics, mechanics,
telecommunications, electrical engineering, process engineering, etc. These are scientific
disciplines that require technical skills, with the aim of innovating and creating products to
meet future user needs. Engineers use these sciences to solve complex problems and create
innovative solutions in various sectors such as industry, telecommunications, energy,
transportation, and the environment. In summary, engineering sciences are at the heart of
technological innovation and the resolution of technical challenges in the modern world. As
such, an engineer must possess a combination of technical, economic, social and human
skills, underpinned by a solid scientific culture.
Technique: All the applications of scientific knowledge to
the production of user needs.
Careers in
science and
technology
Profession: A profession is primarily the
practice by a person of an activity in a Science: sciences based on calculation
professional field, with the aim of earning and observation (math, phys, chem,
a salary. ...)
Technology: Technology refers to the
set of knowledge, skills, tools,
methods, and techniques used to solve
problems and achieve goals in various
areas of everyday life, industry, and
society in general.
Technology can also refer to devices,
machines, and equipment developed
based on this knowledge and expertise
Page 2
Careers in science and technology
I.2 Engineering profession:
The engineering profession covers a wide range of fields, and can be practiced in a
wide variety of sectors. Engineers study and solve complex technical problems in an efficient
and innovative way, particularly in research and development, design, production,
implementation and control of products, systems or services. Engineers aim to optimize the
results of their work, in terms of safety, environmental protection, quality, economic and
financial cost, maintenance, and compliance with agreed deadlines, within the framework of
their engineering activities.
I.3 Engineering fields of activity :
a- Research and development: Research and development engineers, also known as R&D
engineers (or design engineers or research engineers), work in the design-research-
development department or in a consulting and engineering firm. The R&D engineer's
mission is to design and develop techniques and methods, or new products. They are involved
in the preparation, design and testing stages of a project, as well as in the improvement stages.
Their tasks fall into 4 main areas:
Project analysis and preparation
Product design and development Product
testing and validation
Correction and optimization
b- Application: The application engineer provides technical support to customers. He must
translate their needs into specifications. The engineer will set up actions required to ensure
that products meet customer expectations. He/she will establish the operating procedures for each
product and determine their performance.
c- Responsibilities: Pre-sales testing with or without demonstration. Disseminate theoretical
knowledge to customers through training. Study the competition. Manage new machines and
plan maintenance operations in a plant. The application engineer is a high-level consultant
who masters the technical characteristics of products and their use.
Page 3
Careers in science and technology
2023-2024
d-Quality: Quality control engineers are experts in the entire industrial chain. Their role is to
ensure that the products or services they deliver comply fully with the requirements of the
company and its customers, in order to maximize competitiveness and meet specifications.
e-Safety: Provides advice and assistance to industrial site personnel to prevent industrial
risks such as explosions, security of IT tools, etc.
f-Sales: This is a hands-on position that focuses the engineer's activity on prospecting,
negotiation and market research. They also provide solutions to the customers they approach.
The sales engineer carries out administrative tasks, such as drawing up quotations and
public procurement files with all the technical details, checking purchase orders (price list,
specifications) and following up orders. They also launch marketing operations (mailings,
press releases) for new products. But most of his time is spent liaising with customers and
suppliers.
I.4 Areas of application:
Most, if not all, business sectors require engineers. While the environments may differ, the
functions performed by engineers are often common. The main fields of application are as
follows:
* Aerospace* Aeronautics
* Agronomy* Automotive
* Biotechnology*Process engineering
* Electronics* Electrical engineering
* Civil engineering* Architecture
* IT * Robotics
* Telecommunications* Mechanical engineering
I.5- Search for a profession" or "Search for a job."
To find suitable job opportunities, recent graduates need to acquire specialized skills, craft their
resumes using the "keywords" approach, establish a strong online presence, and manage their
reputation within networks and communities. More specifically, to navigate job posting websites
(general platforms as well as specialized "job" sites, "regional" sites, and those run by public or semi-
public organizations), it is crucial to be able to identify and distinguish them to understand how they
operate. In any case, to locate a job posting, the candidate must enter relevant keywords into a search
engine.
Page 4
Careers in science and technology
2023-2024
5.1-Search for a recruitment advertisement by keyword.
Using keywords allows you to conduct a targeted search. A keyword can be a job title, a specific
skill, a company name, or a location, etc. Here are some examples: sales, programmer, human
resources management, marketing, sontrac, sonlgaz, etc.
Depend on your field and the type of job you're seeking. Here are some keyword categories you can
use to refine your search:
• Field or Industry: Start by defining the field or industry you want to work in, for example,
"telecommunication engineering." Once you see the results, you can add more keywords to ensure
more relevant results and a shorter list of jobs to browse through.
• Location: You can decide how specific you want to be. You can input a city, or even a postal code.
You can search by location using advanced search options available on most job sites.
• Desired Job Title: You can try putting in your desired job title, but keep in mind that not all
companies use the same titles. A company might call it a "project coordinator" position. Try different
variations to see what generates the best results.
• Skills, Tools, and Industry-Specifics: Apart from searching by job title, you can search based on
the functionalities required for a job. For example, you can search by a programming language or
skills required to perform the job.
• Company Names: If you have a dream company you'd like to work for, or a giant multinational
where you know there are a lot of opportunities at any given time, you can search directly by
company name.
• Job Type: When searching for a specific job type, you can refine search results by defining terms
such as full-time, part-time, contract, freelance, internship, remote, etc.
Here are some examples to find job in few platforms such as: emploipartner, emploitic, public
function…etc
[Link]
[Link]
Page 5
Careers in science and technology
2023-2024
Page 6
Careers in science and technology
2023-2024
I.5 Curriculum vitae:
The CV is an essential document when looking for a job. It details your career path and is relevant to
the position you are seeking. If you have an online CV, remember to update it too.
Curriculum vitae
John Smith
456 Innovation Street, London SW1A 1AA | +44 20 1234 5678 | [Link]@[Link] |
[Link]/in/johnsmith
About Me
I am a passionate professional with a keen interest in innovative solutions that address modern
business challenges. Possessing strong analytical skills and a creative approach to problem-solving, I
am seeking a position where I can add significant value and further develop my project management
and leadership skills.
Professional Experience
Digital Project Manager, TechSolutions, London
July 2017 - Present
• Managed software development projects from initiation to closure.
• Led cross-functional teams to achieve objectives within allocated timelines and budgets.
• Enhanced operational processes, resulting in a 20% increase in efficiency.
Education
Master's in Business Management, London School of Economics - September 2013 - June 2015
Bachelor's in Business Administration, University of Westminster - September 2010 - June 2013
Skills
Project Management, Data Analysis, Leadership and Team Management, Effective Communication,
Proficient in management software (MS Project, JIRA)
Languages
English: Native proficiency
French: Fluent (C1)
German: Intermediate (B2)
Interests
Technology and Innovation, Travel and Cultural Exploration, Hiking and Outdoor Activities,
Reading and Creative Writing
Page 7
Careers in science and technology
6-Developing a Simple Job Description
6.1- What is a Job Description?
It is an HR document that outlines all the activities and tasks for a specific job position. It formalizes
the responsibilities and the related skills for each job, as well as all the relevant information for
various purposes.
A job description is a communication tool used to present a description of various aspects of a
position and its environment, including:
• Job title,
• Company name,
• Position in the organizational chart,
• Work environment and conditions (workplace, work schedule, etc.),
• Access to the position and engagement conditions (e.g., salary, type of contract, location, working
hours, etc.),
• Description of tasks and activities (frequency and importance),
• Desired education and experience,
• Required skills (knowledge, expertise, interpersonal skills),
• Challenges of the position,
• Relationships with other positions,
• Compensation.
6.2-What is the Purpose of a Job Description?
Internally, the job description is used to assess an employee's skills in relation to expected
performance. In the context of recruitment, it allows the company to express its needs and
communicate to candidates, through the job offer, the required skills to fulfill the position. Therefore,
precision in its drafting is crucial to optimize the recruitment process.
Exemple : Network and IT Security Manager
Job Title: Network and IT Security Manager
Location: Rouiba, Algiers, Algeria Expiration Date: December 19 Job Level: Experienced Industry:
Industries Education Level: Master's Degree (Master 2), Engineering Degree (Bac +5) Number of
Positions: 01
Contract Type: Permanent Contract (CDI) Responsibilities:
Establish KPIs for the activity and communicate the reporting to management.
Conduct technological and prospective watch. Ensure backup for systems infrastructure.
Audit and monitor network and security infrastructures.
Page 8
Careers in science and technology
Contribute to the implementation of the IT system security policy in coordination with superiors and
the group's CISO.
Draft procedures and technical documents for the area, validate them, and distribute them in
dedicated shares.
Contribute to the implementation of the continuity of service plan (Disaster Recovery Plan / Business
Continuity Plan).
Efficiently manage all resources (internal or external) and means at disposal in compliance with
internal procedures and current standards in the group.
Implement and monitor backup plans for network and security equipment configurations and ensure
their availability and quality by conducting restoration test plans.
Maintain the operational condition of Castel Algeria's network infrastructure according to approved
service levels (SLA): national data centers and factory data centers, LAN, MAN, WAN, and all the
equipment that composes them.
Install and administer national IT network and security solutions: equipment, appliances, software.
Manage national network and security infrastructure projects: design architectures, manage budgets,
schedules, and resources.
Profile:
Engineer or equivalent with a specialization in Networks/Security, IT infrastructure, with a minimum
of 5 years of experience in a similar position.
Certifications in CISCO, Windows, OS400, SSI, etc., would be a plus. Mastery of information
systems architecture and urbanization.
Leadership skills. Agility and commitment. Collaborative approach.
Good listening and communication skills (workshops, presentations, training) with IT teams.
Organized and rigorous.
Quick learner.
Expertise in Network and/or Information Systems Security. Mastery of IT and Telecoms Security.
Page 9
Careers in science and technology
2023-2024
Page 10