2.
Communication
Session 3
Lesson Objectives
• Cloud Computing
• Wireless & Wired Networks
• Ethernet
• Bit Streaming
Cloud Computing
What is Cloud Computing?
Delivery of computing services over the Internet
Services include:
• Storage
• Processing power
• Software
• Databases
Data stored on remote servers (data centres)
Accessed via internet connection
Definition & Examples
Cloud computing means using services hosted on remote servers instead of using
your own local computer or school server.
Example:
• Instead of saving les on your computer → you save them on Google Drive
• Instead of installing Microsoft Of ce → you use Microsoft 365 online
The cloud provider owns and manages the hardware.
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Public Vs Private Cloud
Public Cloud
• Owned by third-party companies
• Shared between many users
• Accessed via the internet
• Example: AWS, Google Cloud
Private Cloud
• Used by one organisation only
• Greater control and security
• Can be on-site or hosted externally
Public Vs Private Cloud
Public Cloud
• Cheaper
• Shared infrastructure
• Good for small businesses
Private Cloud
• More secure
• More expensive
• Used by banks, governments, universities
Cloud Computing
Bene ts
Reduced hardware costs
No need for maintenance
Scalable (increase/decrease resources easily)
Accessible anywhere
Automatic backups
Collaboration is easier
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Cloud Computing
Drawbacks
•Requires reliable internet connection
•Security and privacy concerns
•Subscription costs over time
•Less control over data
•Risk of downtime
Wired vs Wireless Networks
Wired Networks
• Use physical cables
• Examples:
◦ Copper cable
◦ Fibre-optic cable
• Faster and more stable
• Less interference
• More secure
Wired connections are:
• More reliable
• Harder to hack
• Suitable for of ces and labs
But:
• Less exible
• Installation cost is high
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Wireless Networks
•Use radio signals Advantages:
•No physical cables •Mobility
•Examples: •Easy installation
◦WiFi Disadvantages:
◦Bluetooth •Slower
◦Mobile data •Interference
•Less secure
Feature Wired Wireless
Speed Faster Slower
Security More secure Less secure
Installation Expensive Cheaper
Mobility Fixed Portable
Interference Low High
Transmission Media Characteristics
Copper Cable
Uses electrical signals
Cheap
Easy to install
Limited distance
Affected by interference
Fiber Optic Cable
Uses light signals
Very high speed
Long distance transmission
Not affected by electromagnetic interference
Expensive
Radio Waves (WiFi)
Wireless transmission
Medium range
Can pass through walls
Subject to interference
Less secure
Microwaves
High-frequency radio waves
•Travel in straight lines
•Require line-of-sight
•Used in:
◦Mobile phone networks
◦Satellite communication
Satellites
•Use microwaves Advantages:
•Very long-distance •Wide coverage
communication Disadvantages:
•Used for: •High latency (delay)
◦GPS •Expensive
◦TV broadcasting
◦Global internet
Exam Tips
Students must be able to:
• De ne cloud computing
• Compare public and private clouds
• State bene ts and drawbacks
• Compare wired vs wireless
CHECK PRACTICE QUESTIONS GIVEN IN WORKSHEET
• Describe characteristics (not just list!)
• Use terms like:
◦ Interference
◦ Latency
◦ Bandwidth
◦ Scalability
◦ Security
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