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STMppt

The document presents a seminar on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), detailing its definition, history, instrumentation, working principles, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. STM, invented in 1981 by Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer, allows for atomic-level imaging of surfaces and manipulation of individual atoms. Key points include the necessity for a clean environment, the tunneling effect, and the ability to operate in various conditions, despite challenges such as sensitivity to dust and vibrations.

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0 views16 pages

STMppt

The document presents a seminar on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), detailing its definition, history, instrumentation, working principles, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. STM, invented in 1981 by Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer, allows for atomic-level imaging of surfaces and manipulation of individual atoms. Key points include the necessity for a clean environment, the tunneling effect, and the ability to operate in various conditions, despite challenges such as sensitivity to dust and vibrations.

Uploaded by

muthupalanisamy186
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

KSR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

AUTONOMUS
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -20SH906

SEMINAR TOPIC : STM(CONSTRUCTION,WOORKINGAPPLICATION


PRESENTED BY : MUTHU.P (73152112012)
content
•What is STM
•History
•Instrumentation
•How it works?
•Working conditions
•Application areas
•Examples and uses
•Advantages & Disadvantages

2
WHAT IS STM?
A scanning tunneling

microscope (STM) is a

powerful instrument for

imaging surfaces at the

atomic level.

3
HISTORY
The invention of the scanning

tunneling microscope (STM) in 1981

allowed scientists to view the world

from an atomic perspective for the


first time.
Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig

The revolutionary microscope, for which two IBM researchers Gerd


Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer received the 1986 Nobel Prize in physics,
revealed the topography of surfaces, atom by atom.

4
INSTRUMENTATION
•Scanning tip,
•Piezoelectric
controlled scanner,
•Distance control
and scanning unit,
•Vibration isolation
system,
•Computer

5
How STM works?
⚫ Move tip near the surface
⚫ Apply voltage difference
between surface and tip
⚫Tunneling effect
⚫Record movement and display
moving

• Scan the surface by the tip

6
• Piezoelectric
materials?

• How do we move
the probe?

• Move the tip


sensitively in three
dimensions
What are...
• Tunneling effect?
• Tunneling current?
Working
conditions
⚫ Must be highly vacuumed
⚫ No vibrations
⚫ Clean and stable surface
⚫ Stable probe ( Pt , W )
⚫ Tip-to-surface distance in Å
⚫ Can be applied to
conductors and semi-
conductors

9
Other STM Related Applications
⚫ We can manipulate
individual atoms.
⚫ Very thin film used in
nano devices.
Advantages
⚫ Conceptually simple but
complexities in use.
⚫ Can even move atoms
⚫ Can be used in variety
of temperatures.
(VT-STM in variety of
temp.) UHV-STM in low
Figure 16
temp.

12
Examples

FSTM image, 35 nm x 35 nm, of single


substitutional Cr impurities (small bumps) in the
Fe(001) surface.[
Advantages
⚫ Can achieve atomic-level resolution.
⚫ Can perform in different environments.
(air, water etc.)
⚫ Directly analyze sample and 3D
output.
⚫ No need for any lenses or unique light
source.
Examples

Figure 13-Blue Platinum


The surface of Platinum.

Figure 14-In 1989, Eigler and Schweizer


spelled “IBM” by positioning thirty-five
xenon atoms on a nickel surface.

Figure -15- STM image, 7 nm x 7 nm, of a


single zig-zag chain of Cs atoms (red) on the
GaAs(110) surface (blue)
Disadvantages
⚫ Needs extremely clean surface.
⚫ A single dust particle can

damage needle.

⚫ Needs sophisticated electronics.

⚫ Sharp tips. (Pt, W)

⚫ Noise problems.

⚫ Vibration.
THANK YOU

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