IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 1 hour 15 questions

Exam Questions

Number Systems
Computers & Binary / Number Systems / Converting Between Binary & Denary /
Converting Between Hexadecimal & Denary / Converting Between Hexadecimal
& Binary / Uses of Hexadecimal / Binary Addition / Binary Shifts / Two's
Complement

Easy (8 questions) /43 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (6 questions) /18

Hard (1 question) /6

Total Marks /67

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Easy Questions
1 (a) Binary is a number system used by computers.

Four 8-bit binary values are given.

Tick ( ) one box to show which 8-bit binary value is the correct conversion for the denary
value 50.

A. 00101010
B. 00110010
C. 01001100
D. 01010000
(1 mark)

(b) Four 8-bit binary values are given.

Tick ( ) one box to show which 8-bit binary value is the correct conversion for the
hexadecimal value 90.

A. 00001001
B. 01011010
C. 10010000
D. 01100100
(1 mark)

(c) Explain why a computer system can only process data in binary form

(2 marks)

(d) Two 8-bit binary values are given.

Add the two 8-bit binary values.

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Give your answer in binary. Show all your working.

00111001
+ 01001010
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯

(3 marks)

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2 (a) All data needs to be converted to binary data so that it can be processed by a computer.

Explain why a computer can only process binary data.

(2 marks)

(b) The denary values 64, 101 and 242 are converted to 8‑bit binary values.

Give the 8 bit binary value for each denary value.

64 ................................

101 ................................

242 ................................

(3 marks)

(c) The hexadecimal values 42 and CE are converted to binary.

Give the binary value for each hexadecimal value.

42 .................

CE ..................

(4 marks)

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3 (a) Denary values are converted to binary values to be processed by a computer.

Draw one line from each denary value to the correctly converted 8‑bit binary value.

(3 marks)

(b) Binary values can also be converted to denary values.

Give the correct denary value for the 12‑bit binary value 000101010111

Show all your working.

(2 marks)

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 4 Hexadecimal is used for Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) colour codes.

An HTML colour code is:

#2F15D6

HTML colour codes and Media Access Control (MAC) addresses are two examples of where
hexadecimal is used in Computer Science.

Give two other examples of where hexadecimal can be used in Computer Science.

(2 marks)

5 (a) A school network has several computers.

Each computer in the network has a media access control (MAC) address.

Hexadecimal is used for MAC addresses.

Part of a MAC address is given.

97–5C–E1

Each pair of digits is stored as binary in an 8-bit register.

Complete the binary register for these two pairs of digits.

97

5C

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 (4 marks)

(b) Give two other uses of hexadecimal in Computer Science.

(2 marks)

(c) Another value is stored as binary in a register.

0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0

A logical left shift of two places is performed on the binary value.

Complete the binary register to show its contents after this logical left shift.

(1 mark)

(d) State one effect this logical shift has on the binary value.

(1 mark)

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6 (a) Binary is a number system used by computers.

Tick ( ) one box to show which statement about the binary number system is correct.

A. It is a base 1 system
B. It is a base 2 system
C. It is a base 10 system
D. It is a base 16 system
(1 mark)

(b) Denary numbers are converted to binary numbers to be processed by a computer.

Convert these three denary numbers to 8 bit binary numbers.

50 ...............................

102 ..............................

221 ...............................

(3 marks)

(c) Two 8‑bit binary numbers are given.

Add the two 8‑bit binary numbers using binary addition.

Give your answer in binary. Show all your working.

00110011
+0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1

(3 marks)

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 7 Hypertext markup language (HTML) colour codes can be represented as hexadecimal.

Tick ( ) one box to show which statement about the hexadecimal number system is
incorrect

A. It uses the values 0 to 9 and A to F.

B. It can be used as a shorter representation of binary
C. It is a base 10 system.
D. It can be used to represent error codes.
(1 mark)

8 (a) The binary number 10100011 is stored in random access memory (RAM).

A logical left shift of three places is performed on the binary number.

Give the 8-bit binary number that will be stored after the shift has taken place.

(1 mark)

(b) Tick ( ) one box to show which statement about a logical left shift of two places is correct.

A. It would divide the binary number by 2.

B. It would multiply the binary number by 2.
C. It would divide the binary number by 4
D. It would multiply the binary number by 4.
(1 mark)

(c) 10100011 can be stored as a two’s complement integer.

Convert the two’s complement integer 10100011 to denary.

Show all your working.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 Negative denary numbers can also be represented as binary using two’s complement.

Complete the binary register for the denary value −54.

You must show all your working.

Register:

(2 marks)

2 Binary is a number system used by computers.

Two 8-bit binary values are added.

The result of this calculation needs to be stored in an 8-bit register.

The denary result of this calculation is 301.

This generates an error

State the name of this type of error and explain why this error occurs.

(3 marks)

3 Two binary numbers are added by a computer and an overflow error occurs.

Explain why the overflow error occurred.

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 (2 marks)

4 Hexadecimal is used for Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) colour codes.

An HTML colour code is:

#2F15D6

Each pair of digits is stored as binary in an 8‑bit register.

Give the 8 bit binary value that would be stored for each pair of hexadecimal digits.

2F

15

D6

(6 marks)

5 Binary numbers are stored in registers.

Negative denary numbers can be represented as binary using two’s complement.

Complete the binary register for the denary number –78

You must show all your working.

(2 marks)

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6 Denary numbers can be converted to hexadecimal.

Convert the three denary numbers to hexadecimal

20

32

165

(3 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 Ron is attending a music concert. He has bought three tickets.

Each ticket number is displayed as a hexadecimal number.

Complete the table to show the 12-bit binary values and the denary values for each
Hexadecimal ticket number

Hexadecimal 12-bit binary value Denary value

ticket number

028

1A9

20C

(6 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 21 mins 7 questions

Exam Questions

Text, Sound & Images

Character Sets / Representing Sound / Representing Images

Easy (4 questions) /5 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (1 question) /2

Hard (2 questions) /14

Total Marks /21

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Easy Questions
1 The Unicode character set is used to represent text that is typed into a computer.

One disadvantage of using the Unicode character set, instead of the ASCII character set, is
that the text stored takes up more storage space.

Give one reason why it takes up more storage space.

(1 mark)

2 Jack has an MP3 file stored on his computer

Tick ( ) to show which type of data is stored in an MP3 file.

Tick( )

Video

Sound

Image

(1 mark)

3 A student has a sound file that is too large to be stored on their external secondary storage
device. The student compresses the sound file to make the file size smaller.

The compression method used reduces the sample rate and the sample resolution of the
sound file.

State what is meant by the sample rate and sample resolution.

(2 marks)

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4 A logo is stored as a bitmap image.

Each square in the image represents one pixel, with three different colours being used in
the image.

State what is meant by the term image resolution.

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 The Unicode character set is used to represent text that is typed into a computer.

Describe what is meant by a character set.

(2 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 (a) A student is creating a range of documents for a school project.

The student records a podcast about computer science.

Describe how an analogue sound wave is converted into digital form.

(3 marks)

(b) Tick ( ) one or more boxes on each row to identify the effect(s) that each change will have
on the sound file.

Change File size File size Accuracy Accuracy

increases decreases increases decreases

Duration changes from

10 minutes to 20
minutes

Sample rate changes

from 44 kilohertz to 8
kilohertz

Bit depth changes from

8 bits to 16 bits

(3 marks)

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2 Discuss the trade-offs between image quality and file size when choosing a bitmap
image's resolution and colour depth.

Provide examples to illustrate your answer.

(8 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 19 mins 8 questions

Exam Questions

Data Storage & Compression

Units of Data Storage / Calculating File Sizes / Compression

Easy (5 questions) /7 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (1 question) /3

Hard (2 questions) /9

Total Marks /19

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Easy Questions
1 (a) The website hosts videos that users can stream. The company uploads new videos to the
website.

The videos are compressed before they are uploaded to the website.

Tick ( ) one box to show which statement is a benefit of compressing the videos.

A. Data is encrypted.
B. Duration of each video will be reduced.
C. Less storage space on the web server is required.
D. More bandwidth is required when viewing the videos.
(1 mark)

(b) Give two methods of compression that could be used to compress the videos.

(2 marks)

2 Jack has an MP3 file stored on his computer.

Tick ( ) to show whether the MP3 file is a lossy compressed file or a lossless compressed
file or not a compressed file.

Tick ( )

Lossy compressed file

Lossless compressed file

Not a compressed file

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 (1 mark)

3 A student has a sound file that is too large to be stored on their external secondary storage
device. The student compresses the sound file to make the file size smaller.

The compression method used reduces the sample rate and the sample resolution of the
sound file.

Identify which type of compression has been used to compress the sound file.

(1 mark)

4 Computer memories are measured in terms of the number of bytes.

State what is meant by the term byte

(1 mark)

5 The binary number is measured as a byte because it has 8 bits.

State how many bytes there are in a kibibyte (KiB).

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 An image is stored on a computer. The image is 16‑bit colour and is 100 pixels high and 150
pixels wide.

Calculate the file size of the image in bytes.

Show all your working.

(3 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 The following data is stored as a text file:

red, green, yellow, green, purple, blue, red, purple, blue, yellow, grey, black, pink, red,

Explain how lossless compression would compress this file.

(5 marks)

2 (a) Explain the difference between a megabyte (MB) and a mebibyte (MiB).

(2 marks)

(b) Calculate how many kibibytes (KiB) there are in 3 gibibytes (GiB)?

Show your working.

(2 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 24 mins 8 questions

Exam Questions

Types & Methods of Data

Transmission
Data Packets / Packet Switching / Data Transmission / Universal Serial Bus (USB)

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or visit [Link]

Total Marks /24

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1 Identify the type of data transmission used in a USB connection.

(1 mark)

2 Julia inputs personal data into her computer.

She stores three copies of the data using a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD)
and a USB flash memory drive.

Julia uses a USB connection to transfer data onto her USB flash memory drive

One benefit of using a USB connection is that it is a universal connection.

State two other benefits of using a USB connection.

(2 marks)

3 A student has a sound file that is too large to be stored on their external secondary storage
device. The student compresses the sound file to make the file size smaller.

The compression method used reduces the sample rate and the sample resolution of the
sound file.

The student sends the sound file to a friend. The file is transmitted across a network that
uses packet switching.

Identify two pieces of data that would be included in the header of each packet.

(2 marks)

4 Data packets are transmitted across a network from one computer to another computer.

Describe the structure of a data packet.

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 (3 marks)

5 Serial data transmission is used to transmit the data packets across the network.

Explain why serial data transmission is used to transmit the data packets.

(3 marks)

6 A company has a website that is stored on a web server.

The website data is broken down into packets to be transmitted to a user.

Describe the structure of a data packet.

(4 marks)

7 The website hosts videos that users can stream. The company uploads new videos to the
website.

The company uses parallel half-duplex data transmission to transmit the data for the new
videos to the web server.

Explain why parallel half-duplex data transmission is the most appropriate method.

(4 marks)

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8 A student has a sound file that is too large to be stored on their external secondary storage
device. The student compresses the sound file to make the file size smaller.

The student sends the sound file to a friend. The file is transmitted across a network that
uses packet switching.

Explain how the file is transmitted using packet switching.

(5 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 37 mins 10 questions

Exam Questions

Methods of Error Detection

Error Checking / Error Detection Methods / Check Digits / Automatic Repeat
Query (ARQ)

Easy (2 questions) /4 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (5 questions) /16

Hard (3 questions) /17

Total Marks /37

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Easy Questions
1 Identify two reasons why errors can occur when using wireless technology to transmit data.

(2 marks)

2 The company owner decides to introduce an error detection system to check the data for
errors after transmission.

The error detection system uses an odd parity check and a positive automatic repeat query
(ARQ).

Give two other error detection methods that could be used.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 Four 7-bit binary values are transmitted from one computer to another. A parity bit is added
to each binary value creating 8-bit binary values. All the binary values are transmitted and
received correctly.

Identify whether each 8-bit binary value has been sent using odd or even parity by writing
odd or even in the type of parity column.

8-bit binary value Type of parity

01100100

10010001

00000011

10110010

(4 marks)

2 The contents of three binary registers have been transmitted from one computer to
another.

Even parity has been used as an error detection method.

The outcome after transmission is:

No errors have been detected in Register A and Register C.

An error has been detected in Register B.

Complete the parity bit for each register to show the given outcome

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 Register Parity bit

A 0100101

B 1000001

C 1000011

Please enter your response as bit, bit, bit

(3 marks)

3 Victoria is entering data into a computer system. The data will be transmitted to cloud
storage.

A check digit is used to check whether data is correct when entered into the system.

Describe how a check digit can be used to make sure the data entered is correct.

(4 marks)

4 State why it is important for computers to check that data is in the expected format?

Provide one example of a format where errors could occur.

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 (2 marks)

5 A company owner has installed a new network. Data is correct before it is transmitted across
the network.

The company owner is concerned that data might have errors after transmission.

Explain how the data might have errors after transmission.

(3 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 Data will be checked using a checksum.

Describe how a checksum can be used to check that data entered into a system has been
transmitted correctly

(5 marks)

2 Explain how the Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) protocol ensures data integrity during
transmission

(4 marks)

3 The company owner decides to introduce an error detection system to check the data for
errors after transmission.

The error detection system uses an odd parity check and a positive automatic repeat query
(ARQ).

(i) Describe how the error detection system operates to check for errors

(ii) Give two other error detection methods that could be used.

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 (8 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 14 mins 4 questions

Exam Questions

Encryption
Encryption

Easy (1 question) /1 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (2 questions) /9

Hard (1 question) /4

Total Marks /14

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Easy Questions
1 State what is given to a device when it connects to a wireless network using the SSID and
correct password.

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 Complete the sentences about symmetric encryption.

Use the terms from the list.

Some of the terms in the list will not be used. You should only use a term once.

algorithm

cipher

copied

delete

key

plain

private

public

standard

stolen

understood

unreadable

The data before encryption is known as .................................................. text. To scramble the

data, an encryption .................................................., which is a type of
.................................................., is used.

The data after encryption is known as .................................................. text. Encryption prevents

the data from being .................................................. by a hacker.
(5 marks)

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2 Data is encrypted to keep it safe during transmission.

Complete the paragraph about asymmetric encryption.

Use the terms from the list.

Some of the terms in the list will not be used. You should only use a term once.

asymmetric certificate cipher text

decrypted encrypted parallel key plain text private key
protected public key serial key symmetric

.............................................................. is encrypted into ..............................................................

using a .............................................................. . The encrypted data is then transmitted from
the sender to the receiver. The encrypted data is then decrypted using a
.............................................................. .
(4 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 A company is setting up both wireless and wired networks for secure communication
between employees. The IT team must ensure that all data transmitted across the networks
is encrypted.

Describe how encryption protects data transmitted over wireless networks.

In your answer explain:

the role of the 'master key' in this process

the importance of not transmitting the master key

(4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 37 mins 12 questions

Exam Questions

Computer Architecture
The CPU & Microprocessors / Von Neumann Architecture / The Fetch-Decode-
Execute Cycle / Characteristics of the CPU / CPU Instruction Sets / Embedded
Systems

Easy (3 questions) /6 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (7 questions) /21

Hard (2 questions) /10

Total Marks /37

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Easy Questions
1 A computer has a Von Neumann architecture.

State three components that are part of the central processing unit (CPU) in this computer.

Accumulator (ACC) Hard disk drive (HDD)

Memory address register (MAR) Program counter (PC)

Random access memory (RAM) Read only memory (ROM)

sensor Solid state drive (SSD)

(3 marks)

2 The computer has a single core CPU.

State one purpose of a core in a CPU.

(1 mark)

3 A student uses a laptop and a calculator for schoolwork.

The calculator has an embedded system.

Describe what is meant by an embedded system.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 A computer has a Von Neumann architecture

Describe the purpose of the control unit (CU) within this computer.

(2 marks)

2 A computer has a Von Neumann architecture

The computer has a single core CPU.

The computer is upgraded to a dual core CPU.

Explain how the upgrade can affect the performance of the computer

(2 marks)

3 A student uses a laptop and a calculator for schoolwork.

The laptop has a central processing unit (CPU) that performs the fetch–decode–execute
cycle.

The CPU has several components, including the memory data register (MDR) and the
arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

Describe how the MDR and the ALU are used in the fetch–decode–execute cycle.

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 (5 marks)

4 An office has an automated lighting system. When movement is detected in the office, the
lights are switched on. If movement is not detected for a period of two minutes, the lights
are switched off.

The system uses a sensor and a microprocessor

Describe what is meant by a microprocessor.

(2 marks)

5 (a) A computer is designed using the Von Neumann model for a computer system.

The computer has a central processing unit (CPU)

Data is fetched from primary storage into the CPU to be processed.

The CPU performs a cycle to process data. Fetch is the first stage in this cycle.

State the names of the second and third stages in the cycle.

(2 marks)

(b) Identify two components within the CPU that are used in the fetch stage of the cycle

(2 marks)

6 The computer processes instructions using the fetch–decode–execute (FDE) cycle.

Draw and annotate a diagram to show the process of the fetch stage of the FDE cycle.

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 (4 marks)

7 A computer system uses a single core CPU with a 2 GHz clock speed.

The system is upgraded to a dual core CPU with the same 2 GHz clock speed.

Explain how the clock speed affects the performance of both CPU configurations

(2 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 An office has an automated lighting system. When movement is detected in the office, the
lights are switched on. If movement is not detected for a period of two minutes, the lights
are switched off.

The system uses a sensor and a microprocessor.

Describe how the sensor and the microprocessor are used in this automated lighting
system.

(6 marks)

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 Instruction Mnemonic Binary Command
Code
2

Add ADD 10100001 Adds a value to the value currently stored in

the accumulator (ACC)

Subtract SUB 00100010 Subtracts a value from the value stored in the
accumulator

Load LDA 10111111 Loads the value stored in a memory location

into the accumulator

Store STA 01100000 Stores the value in the accumulator in a

specific location in memory

Stop HLT 00000000 Stops the program

A program consists of the following sequence of instructions, written using the mnemonics
from the table:

1. LDA

2. ADD

3. STA

4. HLT

Explain what happens during the execution of this program, assuming it starts with an
initial value of 5 in the memory location loaded by the LDA instruction and the value to
add is 3.

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 (4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 29 mins 7 questions

Exam Questions

Input & Output Devices

Input Devices / Output Devices / Sensors

Easy (4 questions) /12 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (1 question) /5

Hard (2 questions) /12

Total Marks /29

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Easy Questions
1 An office has an automated lighting system. When movement is detected in the office, the
lights are switched on. If movement is not detected for a period of two minutes, the lights
are switched off.

The system uses a sensor and a microprocessor.

Identify the most appropriate sensor.

(1 mark)

2 (a) A printer is one example of an output device.

Give three other examples of output devices.

(3 marks)

(b) Give three examples of input devices.

(3 marks)

3 A farm has an automated drinking system for its animals. The drinking system has a water
bowl that contains the water. When the water bowl is empty, it is automatically refilled.

The system uses a sensor and a microprocessor.

Identify the most appropriate sensor for this system.

(1 mark)

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4 (a) A student has a portable tablet computer.

Identify two input devices that could be built into the portable tablet computer.

(2 marks)

(b) Identify one output device that could be built into the portable tablet computer

(1 mark)

(c) Identify one type of storage device that could be built into the portable tablet computer

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 The paragraph describes the use of output devices in a modern office.

Complete the paragraph using the most appropriate terms from the list.

Not all of the terms in the list need to be used.

actuator

digital light processing (DLP) projector

inkjet printer

laser printer

light emitting diode (LED) screen

liquid crystal display (LCD) projector

liquid crystal display (LCD) screen

speaker

3D printer

In a modern office setup, various devices are used to enhance productivity and
communication.

For displaying presentations and videos, a __________ (1) is commonly used as it projects high-
quality images onto a large screen.

When it comes to producing physical documents, a __________ (2) printer is preferred for its
fast and precise text printing, while an __________ (3) printer is chosen if budget is a concern.

For outputting clear audio during meetings or multimedia sessions, a __________ (4) ensures
everyone can hear the sound clearly.

Additionally, a __________ (5) screen is often used in office monitors for its bright and sharp
display, making it ideal for daily work.
(5 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 A farm has an automated drinking system for its animals. The drinking system has a water
bowl that contains the water. When the water bowl is empty, it is automatically refilled.

The system uses a sensor and a microprocessor.

Describe how the sensor and the microprocessor are used to automatically refill the
water bowl.

(6 marks)

2 A farmer uses an automated robot to plant seeds in the field.

The robot plants seeds and stops when it reaches a fence. It then turns and continues
planting seeds. The robot uses sensors and a microprocessor to know when it reaches a
fence.

Explain how the robot uses sensors and a microprocessor to know it has reached a fence

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 (6 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 45 mins 13 questions

Exam Questions

Data Storage
Primary Storage / Secondary Storage / Virtual Memory / Cloud Storage

Easy (7 questions) /20 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (4 questions) /14

Hard (2 questions) /11

Total Marks /45

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Easy Questions
1 A student uses a laptop and a calculator for schoolwork.

Both the laptop and the calculator have read only memory (ROM).

State one reason why both devices have ROM.

(1 mark)

2 (a) A finance company uses cloud storage to archive their accounts.

The computers in the finance company use both primary and secondary storage.

One example of primary storage is ROM.

Give one other example of primary storage.

(1 mark)

(b) Give two examples of secondary storage

(2 marks)

3 A computer is designed using the Von Neumann model for a computer system.

The computer has a central processing unit (CPU).

Data is fetched from primary storage into the CPU to be processed

State the name of the primary storage from where data is fetched.

(1 mark)

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 4 Three types of storage media are magnetic, optical and solid state

One example of solid‑state storage is a Solid State Drive (SSD).

Identify one other example of solid‑state storage.

(1 mark)

5 (a) Cassie stores data for her business every day. She stores the data using optical data storage.

Identify three examples of optical data storage.

(3 marks)

(b) Six statements are given about the operation of three different types of storage.

Tick ( ) to show which statements apply to each type of storage. Some statements may
apply to more than one type of storage.

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 Statement Magnetic Optical Solid state
( ) ( ) ( )

this storage has no moving parts

this storage uses a laser to read and write

data

this storage uses a read/write head

this storage burns pits onto a reflective

surface

this storage uses NAND and NOR

technology

this storage stores data in tracks and

sectors

(6 marks)

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6 (a) Secondary storage devices are used to store data in a computer.

Identify three components from the list that are secondary storage devices.

central processing unit (CPU)

compact disk (CD)

hard disk drive (HDD)

random access memory (RAM)

read only memory (ROM)

register

sensor

solid‑state drive (SSD)

(3 marks)

(b) Tick ( ) one box to show which statement about secondary storage is correct.

A. It is directly accessed by the CPU

B. It is magnetic storage only
C. It is used to permanently store software and data files
D. It is volatile
(1 mark)

7 A computer uses both random access memory (RAM) and secondary storage.

State the purpose of secondary storage.

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 A finance company uses cloud storage to archive their accounts.

Describe what is meant by cloud storage.

(2 marks)

2 Three types of storage media are magnetic, optical and solid state

Optical storage uses a laser to store and read data from a disk

Explain how the laser is used to store and read data from the disk.

(3 marks)

3 A business is creating a new mobile device that has an SSD as secondary storage.

Give three reasons why an SSD is the most suitable secondary storage for their mobile
device.

(3 marks)

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4 (a) One type of secondary storage is optical.

From the list, state three examples of optical storage.

Read only memory (ROM)

Secure digital (SD) card

Compact disk (CD)

Hard disk drive (HDD)

Digital versatile disk (DVD)

Blu-ray disk

Universal serial bus (USB) drive

Solid-state drive (SSD)

(3 marks)

(b) Explain why a computer needs RAM.

(3 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 (a) Draw a diagram to represent how virtual memory is created and used.

(4 marks)

(b) A student is using software to create 3D models. This process often requires the use of
virtual memory.

Explain why virtual memory is needed for this process.

(3 marks)

2 A finance company uses cloud storage to archive their accounts.

The computers also use virtual memory

Describe how virtual memory is created and used.

(4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 18 mins 7 questions

Exam Questions

Network Hardware
Network Interface Card (NIC) / MAC Addresses & IP Addresses / Router

Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Easy (4 questions) /8

Medium (3 questions) /10

Total Marks /18

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Easy Questions
1 A web server has an internet protocol (IP) address.

Identify the network component that uses the IP address to send data only to its correct
destination.

(1 mark)

2 Many devices have a Media Access Control (MAC) address.

Give three features of a MAC address.

(3 marks)

3 (a) A user wants to connect their computer to a network.

Identify the component in the computer that is needed to access a network

(1 mark)

(b) Identify the type of address that is allocated to the component by the manufacturer, which
is used to uniquely identify the device.

(1 mark)

(c) A dynamic internet protocol (IP) address is allocated to the computer when it is connected to
the network.

Identify the device on the network that can connect multiple devices and automatically
assign them an IP address.

(1 mark)

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4 Packet switching is used to transmit the data packets across the network.

Identify the device that controls which path is taken by each data packet.

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 A school network has several computers.

Each computer in the network has a media access control (MAC) address.

Hexadecimal is used for MAC addresses. Part of a MAC address is given.

97–5C–E1

Each pair of digits is stored as binary in an 8-bit register.

Describe what is meant by a MAC address.

(4 marks)

2 A web server has an internet protocol (IP) address.

Give three characteristics of an IP address.

(3 marks)

3 A user wants to connect their computer to a network.

A dynamic internet protocol (IP) address is allocated to the computer when it is connected to
the network.

Describe what is meant by a dynamic IP address.

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 (3 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 32 mins 10 questions

Exam Questions

Types of Software &

Interrupts
System Software & Application Software / The Purpose & Functionality of
Operating Systems / Hardware, Firmware & the Operating System / Interrupts

Easy (4 questions) /11 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (3 questions) /9

Hard (3 questions) /12

Total Marks /32

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Easy Questions
1 A computer has a Von Neumann architechure.

The computer uses a bootstrap.

Tick ( ) one box to show the part of a computer of which the bootstrap is an example.

A. application software
B. firmware
C. hard disk drive
D. MAC address
(1 mark)

2 Three types of storage media are magnetic, optical and solid state.

A business is creating a new mobile device that has an SSD as secondary storage.

Identify two examples of software that can be stored on the SSD.

(2 marks)

3 (a) Define the term 'operating system'.

(2 marks)

(b) Identify two basic functions of an operating system.

(2 marks)

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4 (a) A computer needs firmware and system software to operate.

State the purpose of firmware.

(1 mark)

(b) Give one example of firmware.

(1 mark)

(c) Give two examples of system software.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 In a computer system the operating system is run directly on the firmware.

Identify which type of software runs directly on the operating system.

(1 mark)

2 Complete the statements about different types of software.

Use the terms from the list.

Some of the terms in the list will not be used. You should only use a term once.

application

assembly language

bootloader

central processing unit (CPU)

firmware

hardware

operating

output

system

user

........................................................................ software provides the services that the computer

requires; an example is utility software.

........................................................................ software is run on the operating system.

The ........................................................................ system is run on the firmware, which is run on

the.....................................................

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 (4 marks)

3 Operating systems often provide user interfaces.

Describe the difference between a graphical user interface (GUI) and a command line
interface (CLI) and give an example of where each might be used.

(4 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 One function of an operating system is to manage interrupts.

Give two examples of when an interrupt would be generated.

(2 marks)

2 Layla uses her computer to create educational games

Layla makes use of system software.

One type of system software is the operating system.

Identify and describe two functions of an operating system.

(6 marks)

3 Explain the role of peripheral management in the operating system.

Include how it facilitates plug-and-play (PnP) functionality

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 (4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 31 mins 10 questions

Exam Questions

Types of Programming
Language, Translators &
Integrated Development
Environments (IDEs)
Levels of Programming Languages / Assembly Language / Translators,
Compilers & Interpreters / Tools & Facilities in IDEs

Easy (5 questions) /10 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (4 questions) /15

Hard (1 question) /6

Total Marks /31

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Easy Questions
1 (a) A programmer uses a high-level language to create a computer program.

Identify two advantages to the programmer of using a high-level language instead of a

low-level language.

(2 marks)

(b) Suggest one disadvantage to the programmer of using a high-level language instead of a
low-level language.

(1 mark)

2 The programmer uses an integrated development environment (IDE) when creating the
computer program.

State what is meant by an IDE.

(1 mark)

3 A compiler and an interpreter are two different types of translator.

One similarity between a compiler and an interpreter is that they both translate high‑level
language into machine code.

Give one other similarity between a compiler and an interpreter.

(1 mark)

4 Jason is a programmer who writes computer programs in a high level language.

Describe what is meant by a high‑level language.

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 (3 marks)

5 A programmer uses a low level language to write a computer program for a vending
machine.

Describe what is meant by a low‑level language.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions

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1 Complete the statements about different types of programming language.

Use the terms from the list.

Some of the terms in the list will not be used.

You should only use a term once.

assembly

denary

executable file

instruction

storage

hexadecimal

high-level

low-level

machine code

protocol

source code

style

syntax

translator

The structure of language statements in a computer program is called the

............................................. .

A programming language that uses natural language statements is called a

............................................. language.

When programs are written in this type of language they need a ............................................. to
convert them into ............................................. .

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 A programming language that is written using mnemonic codes is called an
............................................. language.

This is an example of a ............................................. language.

(6 marks)

2 A programmer often uses an integrated development environment (IDE) when writing a

computer program.

Give three common functions of an IDE.

(3 marks)

3 A compiler and an interpreter are two different types of translator.

One similarity between a compiler and an interpreter is that they both translate high‑level
language into machine code.

Explain two differences between a compiler and an interpreter.

(4 marks)

4 A programmer uses a low‑level language to write a computer program for a vending

machine.

Give two reasons why the programmer would choose to write the computer program in a
low level language instead of a high level language.

(2 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 State three different features of a high-level programming language that a programmer
could use to make sure that their program will be easier to understand by another
programmer.

Give an example for each feature.

(6 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 33 mins 10 questions

Exam Questions

The Internet & the World

Wide Web
The Internet & the World Wide Web / Network Protocols / Web Browser / Web
Pages / Cookies

Easy (3 questions) /8 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (5 questions) /19

Hard (2 questions) /6

Total Marks /33

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Easy Questions
1 Three Internet terms are browser, Internet Protocol (IP) address and Uniform Resource
Locator (URL).

Five statements are given about the Internet terms

Tick ( ) to show which statements apply to each Internet term. Some statements may apply
to more than one Internet term.

Statement Browser IP address URL

( ) ( ) ( )

it contains the domain name

it is a type of software

it converts Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) to

display web pages

it is a type of address

it stores cookies

(5 marks)

2 A student uses the internet for their schoolwork to research what is meant by pharming.

The student uses a web browser to access data on the internet.

State the purpose of the web browser.

(2 marks)

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3 Define the term "protocol".

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 A web server has an internet protocol (IP) address.

The website has a uniform resource locator (URL)

An example of a URL is given.

[Link]

Complete the table to identify the name of each section of the URL.

URL section Name

https

[Link]

/[Link]

(3 marks)

2 Hexadecimal is used for Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) colour codes.

An HTML colour code is:

#2F15D6

Each pair of digits is stored as binary in an 8‑bit register

Websites can be created using HTML structure and presentation.

State what is meant by HTML structure and presentation.

Give an example of each in your answer

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 (4 marks)

3 Joelle is a student who uses the Internet

The table contains five terms or definitions that relate to the Internet

Complete the table by writing each missing term or definition.

Term Definition

browser

this is the company that provides a user with a connection

to the Internet

this is a protocol that is used to send data for web pages

across the Internet

Uniform Resource Locator

(URL)

cookie

(5 marks)

4 A student uses the internet for their schoolwork to research what is meant by pharming.

Storing cookies is one function of the web browser.

Give three other functions of the web browser.

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 (3 marks)

5 Explain the differences between HTTP and HTTPS.

Include an example scenario where HTTPS would be preferred over HTTP

(4 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 Explain why presentation is often separated from structure when creating a web page.

(2 marks)

2 A student visits a website that uses session cookies, instead of persistent cookies.

Explain the difference between session cookies and persistent cookies.

(4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 3 mins 2 questions

Exam Questions

Digital Currency
Digital Currency

Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]

Total Marks /3

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1 Digital currency can be used to buy products from the world wide web.

State what is meant by a digital currency.

(1 mark)

2 Digital currency can be used to buy products from the world wide web.

Describe the process of blockchain in digital currency.

(2 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 1 hour 17 questions

Exam Questions

Cyber Security
Cyber Security Threats / Keeping Data Safe

Easy (8 questions) /17 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (5 questions) /30

Hard (4 questions) /21

Total Marks /68

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Easy Questions
1 A company has a website that is stored on a web server.

The company is concerned about a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack

Suggest one security device that can be used to help prevent a DDoS attack.

(1 mark)

2 A student is concerned about the threats to their computer when using the internet

The student wants to use some security solutions to help protect the computer from the
threats.

Identify a security solution that could be used to protect the computer from a computer
virus, hacking and spyware.

Each security solution must be different.

(3 marks)

3 (a) Adele chooses to set a biometric password for her mobile device, instead of a personal
identification number (PIN).

State what is meant by a biometric password.

(1 mark)

(b) Adele also encrypts the data on her mobile device to keep it more secure.

State how encryption will keep the data more secure.

(1 mark)

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 4 Joelle is a student who uses the Internet.

Joelle uses a firewall to keep her data safe when she uses the Internet.

Tick ( ) to show which statement about firewalls is true.

Tick ( )

Firewalls can only be hardware‑based

Firewalls can only be software‑based

Firewalls can be hardware‑based or software‑based

(1 mark)

5 Millions of emails are sent between users on a daily basis.

Online security attacks can maliciously damage data.

One security method to keep data safe from online attacks is a firewall.

Identify two other security methods that keep data safe from online attacks.

(2 marks)

6 (a) A manager at a company is concerned about a brute force attack on its employee user
accounts.

One possible aim for carrying out a brute‑force attack is to install malware onto the
company network.

Identify three types of malware that could be installed.

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 (3 marks)

(b) Give two security solutions that could be used to help prevent a brute‑force attack being
successful.

(2 marks)

7 A student uses the internet for their schoolwork to research what is meant by pharming.

State the aim of pharming.

(1 mark)

8 Give two examples of malware that the firewall can help protect the network from.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 A company has a website that is stored on a web server.

The company is concerned about a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack.

Describe what is meant by a DDoS attack.

(4 marks)

2 (a) Adele chooses to set a biometric password for her mobile device, instead of a personal
identification number (PIN).

Give two reasons why a biometric password is more secure than a PIN.

(2 marks)

(b) Adele has a software based firewall installed on her mobile device.

The firewall gathers data about the traffic coming into and going out of her mobile device.

Explain how the firewall uses the gathered data to keep the mobile device more secure.

(3 marks)

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 3 Joelle is a student who uses the Internet.

Joelle’s parent also uses the firewall to limit the websites that Joelle can access.

Explain how the firewall is used to limit the websites that Joelle can access.

(4 marks)

4 (a) Millions of emails are sent between users on a daily basis.

Identify two online security attacks that can be carried out using email and describe how
email is used to enable the attack.

(6 marks)

(b) Data can also be damaged accidentally.

One example of how data can be damaged accidentally is by shutting down a computer
before saving data. To prevent this from happening, a user should make sure they have
saved all data before shutting down a computer.

State three other examples of how data can be damaged accidentally and give a method of
prevention for each example.

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 (6 marks)

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5 (a) A manager at a company is concerned about a brute force attack on its employee user
accounts

Describe how a brute‑force attack can be used to gain access to the employee user
accounts.

(3 marks)

(b) A manager at a company is concerned about a brute force attack on its employee user
accounts.

One possible aim for carrying out a brute‑force attack is to install malware onto the
company network.

State two other aims for carrying out a brute‑force attack to gain access to the employee
user accounts.

(2 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 An art gallery uses secure socket layer (SSL) to provide a secure connection when selling art
on its website.

Describe the process of SSL and explain how it provides a secure connection.

(6 marks)

2 A student is concerned about the threats to their computer when using the internet.

The student wants to use some security solutions to help protect the computer from the
threats.

Describe how each of the following security solutions will help protect the computer.

Anti-malware

Two-step verification

Passwords

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 (6 marks)

3 A student uses the internet for their schoolwork to research what is meant by pharming.

Draw and annotate a diagram to represent the process of pharming.

(4 marks)

4 The company owner also installs a firewall to help protect the network from hackers and
malware.

Explain how the firewall operates to help protect the network.

(5 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 41 mins 9 questions

Exam Questions

Automated Systems
Automated Systems / Advantages & Disadvantages of Automated Systems

Easy (5 questions) /11 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (1 question) /4

Hard (3 questions) /26

Total Marks /41

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Easy Questions
1 State two main components of an automated system.

(2 marks)

2 Describe the role of a microprocessor in an automated system.

(2 marks)

3 Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using automated systems in industry.

(2 marks)

4 A farmer uses an automated robot to plant seeds in the field.

State what is meant by the robot being automated.

(1 mark)

5 (a) A farmer uses an automated robot to plant seeds in the field.

Give two advantages of the farmer using an automated robot to plant seeds.

(2 marks)

(b) Give two disadvantages of the farmer using an automated robot to plant seeds.

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 (2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 Sensors and a microprocessor are used to maintain the correct conditions in a fish tank.

Describe how the sensors and the microprocessor are used to maintain the correct
conditions in the fish tank.

(4 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 Jamelia has a greenhouse that she uses to grow fruit and vegetables. She needs to make
sure the temperature in the greenhouse stays between 25°C and 30°C (inclusive).

A system that has a temperature sensor and a microprocessor is used to maintain the
temperature in the greenhouse. The system will:

open a window and turn a heater off if it gets too hot

close a window and turn a heater on if it gets too cold.

Describe how the system uses the temperature sensor and the microprocessor to maintain
the temperature in the greenhouse.

(8 marks)

2 A theme park has a game where a player tries to run from the start to the finish without
getting wet.

The system for the game uses sensors and a microprocessor to spray water at a player as
they run past each sensor.

Describe how the sensors and the microprocessor are used in this system.

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 (6 marks)

3 (a) A factory uses an automated system to control the temperature of its storage rooms.

The system consists of temperature sensors, a microprocessor, and actuators connected to

heaters and cooling units. The sensors monitor the temperature and send the data to the
microprocessor. The microprocessor processes the data and activates the heaters or cooling
units based on pre-programmed rules.

Explain how the automated system maintains the desired temperature in the storage
rooms.

(8 marks)

(b) Discuss two advantages and two disadvantages of using such an automated system in the
factory.

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 (4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 12 mins 4 questions

Exam Questions

Robotics
Robotics

Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Easy (1 question) /1

Medium (3 questions) /11

Total Marks /12

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Easy Questions
1 A company uses robots in its factory to manufacture large pieces of furniture.

Give one disadvantage to the company’s owners of using robots to manufacture large
pieces of furniture.

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 (a) Robots are used in a factory to build cars.

One characteristic of a robot is its mechanical structure.

State two other characteristics of a robot.

(2 marks)

(b) Suggest two advantages of using robots, instead of humans, to build cars in the factory.

(2 marks)

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2 (a) A company uses robots in its factory to manufacture large pieces of furniture.

One characteristic of a robot is that it is programmable.

State two other characteristics of a robot.

(2 marks)

(b) Give two advantages to company employees of using robots to manufacture large pieces of
furniture.

(2 marks)

3 Give three characteristics of a robot.

(3 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 9 mins 3 questions

Exam Questions

Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Easy (1 question) /2 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (1 question) /4

Hard (1 question) /3

Total Marks /9

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Easy Questions
1 A farmer uses an automated robot to plant seeds in the field.

The robot is adapted to have machine learning capabilities.

Explain how this will improve the robot.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 (a) An expert system is an example of artificial intelligence. One component of an expert system
is a knowledge base.

Identify three other components that are present in an expert system.

(3 marks)

(b) An expert system can make use of machine learning.

State what is meant by machine learning.

(1 mark)

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Hard Questions
1 An expert system is an example of artificial intelligence. One component of an expert system
is a knowledge base.

Explain why an expert system needs a knowledge base.

(3 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 8 mins 3 questions

Exam Questions

Development Life Cycle

Program Development Life Cycle

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1 Four descriptions of stages in the program development life cycle are shown.

Draw one line to link each description to its most appropriate program development life
cycle stage.

Not all program development life cycle stages will be used.

(4 marks)

2 Tick ( ) one box to identify the first stage of the program development life cycle.

A. Analysis
B. Coding
C. Design
D. Testing
(1 mark)

3 Identify three different ways that the design of a solution to a problem can be presented.

(3 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 12 mins 3 questions

Exam Questions

Computer Sub-Systems
Computer Sub-Systems / Problem Decomposition

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 1 Identify three of the component parts after a problem has been decomposed.

(3 marks)

2 (a) State three sub-systems of a computer.

(3 marks)

(b) Describe how the use of sub-systems can help in troubleshooting problems within a
computer system.

(2 marks)

3 A satellite navigation system is an example of a computer system that is made up of sub-

systems.

Part of a satellite navigation system:

allows the user to enter details for a new destination or select a previously saved
destination

displays directions in the form of a visual map or as a list.

Draw a structure diagram for this part of the satellite navigation system.
(4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 1 hour 17 questions

Exam Questions

Algorithms
Designing Algorithms / Explaining Algorithms

Easy (1 question) /2 Scan here to return to the course

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Medium (9 questions) /27

Hard (7 questions) /54

Total Marks /83

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Easy Questions
1 01 DECLARE Loop : INTEGER
02 DECLARE Limit : INTEGER
03 DECLARE Value : REAL
04 DECLARE Total : REAL
05 Total ← 0
06 Limit ← ROUND(RANDOM() * 19,0) + 1
07 FOR Loop ← 1 TO Limit
08 OUTPUT "Enter a number"
09 INPUT Value
10 Total ← Total + Value
11 NEXT Loop
12 OUTPUT "The total of the numbers entered is ", Total
13 OUTPUT "The average number entered is ", Total / Limit
Write the pseudocode statement that would output the average calculated in line 13 of the
algorithm rounded to one decimal place.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 Describe what the algorithm represented by the flowchart in Fig. 1 is doing.

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 (2 marks)

2 The pseudocode algorithm shown has been written by a teacher to enter marks for the
students in her class and then to apply some simple processing.

Count ← 0
REPEAT
INPUT Score[Count]
IF Score[Count] >= 70
THEN
Grade[Count] ← "A"
ELSE
IF Score[Count] >= 60
THEN
Grade[Count] ← "B"
ELSE
IF Score[Count] >= 50
THEN
Grade[Count] ← "C"
ELSE
IF Score[Count] >= 40
THEN
Grade[Count] ← "D"
ELSE
IF Score[Count] >= 30
THEN
Grade[Count] ← "E"
ELSE
Grade[Count] ← "F"
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDIF
Count ← Count + 1
UNTIL Count = 30

Describe what happens in this algorithm.

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 (3 marks)

3 B ← FALSE

INPUT Num

FOR Counter ← 1 TO 12

IF A[Counter] = Num

THEN

B ← TRUE

ENDIF

NEXT Counter

Identify the purpose of the algorithm.

(1 mark)

4 (a) The flowchart shows an algorithm that should allow 60 test results to be entered into the
variable Score.

Each test result is checked to see if it is 50 or more. If it is, the test result is assigned to the
Pass array. Otherwise, it is assigned to the Fail array.

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 Complete this flowchart

(6 marks)

(b) Write a pseudocode routine that will check that each test result entered into the algorithm
is between 0 and 100 inclusive.

(4 marks)

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5 The pseudocode represents an algorithm.

The pre-defined function DIV gives the value of the result of integer division. For example, Y
= 9 DIV 4 gives the value Y = 2

The pre-defined function MOD gives the value of the remainder of integer division. For
example, R = 9 MOD 4 gives the value R = 1

First ← 0
Last ← 0
INPUT Limit
FOR Counter ← 1 TO Limit
INPUT Value
IF Value >= 100
THEN
IF Value < 1000
THEN
First ← Value DIV 100
Last ← Value MOD 10
IF First = Last
THEN
OUTPUT Value
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDIF
NEXT Counter

Describe the purpose of the algorithm.

(2 marks)

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6 (a) This algorithm checks the temperature of hot food being served to customers.

State how the final output from the algorithm could be improved.

(1 mark)

(b) Identify the process in the algorithm that is not required.

(1 mark)

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7 This flowchart represents an algorithm.

Describe what the algorithm represented by the flowchart is doing.

(2 marks)

8 The variables P and Q are used to store data in a program. P stores a string. Q stores a
character.

Give the value of Position after the algorithm has been executed with the data in the below
question.

Write pseudocode statements to declare the variables P and Q, store "The world" in P and
store 'W' in Q

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 (1 mark)

9 This pseudocode algorithm is intended to allow, at random, between 1 and 20 values to be

entered and totalled.

The total and average of the entered values are output at the end of the algorithm.

01 DECLARE Loop : STRING

02 DECLARE Limit : INTEGER
03 DECLARE Value : REAL
04 DECLARE Total : REAL
05 Total ← 0
06 Limit ← ROUND(RANDOM() * 19,0) + 1
07 IF Loop 1 TO Limit
08 OUTPUT "Enter a number"
09 INPUT Loop
10 Total Total * Value
11 NEXT Loop
12 OUTPUT "The total of the numbers entered is ", Total
13 OUTPUT "The average of the numbers entered is ", Total / Limit
Identify the line numbers of four errors in the pseudocode and suggest corrections

(4 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 Describe the purpose of the algorithm.

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 (2 marks)

2 The variables X, Y and Z are used to store data in a program:

X stores a string

Y stores a position in the string (e.g. 2)

Z stores the number of characters in the string.

The function LENGTH(X) finds the length of a string X.

The function SUBSTRING(X,Y,Z) finds a substring of X starting at position Y and Z characters

long. The first character in X is in position 1.

Write pseudocode statements to:

store the string "Programming is fun" in X

find the length of the string and output it

extract the word fun from the string and output it.

(6 marks)

3 The one-dimensional (1D) array StudentName[] contains the names of students in a class.
The two-dimensional (2D) array StudentMark[] contains the mark for each subject, for each
student. The position of each student’s data in the two arrays is the same, for example, the
student in position 10 in StudentName[] and StudentMark[] is the same.

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The variable ClassSize contains the number of students in the class. The variable SubjectNo
contains the number of subjects studied. All students study the same number of subjects.

The arrays and variables have already been set up and the data stored.

Students are awarded a grade based on their average mark.

Average mark Grade awarded

greater than or equal to 70 distinction

greater than or equal to 55 and less than 70 merit

greater than or equal to 40 and less than 55 pass

less than 40 fail

Write a program that meets the following requirements:

calculates the combined total mark for each student for all their subjects

calculates the average mark for each student for all their subjects, rounded to the
nearest whole number

outputs for each student:

name

combined total mark

average mark

grade awarded

calculates, stores and outputs the number of distinctions, merits, passes and fails for
the whole class.

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You must use pseudocode or program code and add comments to explain how your code
works.

You do not need to initialise the data in the array.

(15 marks)

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4 (a) Draw a flowchart for an algorithm to:

allow numbers to be input

ignore any numbers that are negative

count how many numbers are positive

output the count of positive numbers when zero is input and end the algorithm.

(6 marks)

(b) Explain the changes you will make to your algorithm to also count the negative numbers.

(2 marks)

5 Rewrite this pseudocode algorithm using a WHILE … DO … ENDWHILE loop.

B ← FALSE
INPUT Num
FOR Counter ← 1 TO 12
IF A[Counter] = Num
THEN
B ← TRUE
ENDIF
NEXT Counter

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 (4 marks)

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6 The names of patients are stored in the one-dimensional (1D) array Patient[] of type string. A
separate two-dimensional (2D) array Readings[] stores the latest data recorded about each
patient. The array already contains the readings taken by a nurse for each patient:

temperature measured to one decimal place

pulse rate, a whole number.

Temperature readings should be in the range 31.6 to 37.2 inclusive.

Pulse readings should be in the range 55.0 to 100.0 inclusive.

The hospital number given to the patient is used for the index on both arrays, this is a value
between 1 and 1000 inclusive.

When the data for a patient is checked a warning is given if any of the readings are out of
range.
If both readings are out of range, then a severe warning is given.

Write a procedure, using pseudocode or program code, that meets the following
requirements:

takes the hospital number as a parameter

checks if the number is valid

outputs an error message and exits the procedure if the number is not valid

if the hospital number is valid:

output the patient’s name

output ‘Normal readings’ if both the readings are within range

output ‘Warning’ and the name of the reading e.g. ‘Pulse’ if one reading is out
of range

output ‘Severe warning’ and the names of the two readings ‘Pulse and
temperature’ if both readings are out of range

exits the procedure.

You must use pseudocode or program code and add comments to explain how your code
works.

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You do not need to initialise the data in the arrays.

(15 marks)

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7 An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to allow some numbers to be input. All the
positive numbers that are input are totalled and this total is output at the end. An input of 0
stops the algorithm.

01 Exit ← 1
02 WHILE Exit <> 0 DO
03 INPUT Number
04 IF Number > 0
05 THEN
06 Total ← Total + Number
07 ELSE
08 IF Number = 0
09 THEN
10 Exit ← 0
11 ENDIF
12 ENDIF
13 ENDWHILE
14 OUTPUT "The total value of your numbers is ", Total
Describe how you could change the corrected algorithm to record and output how many
positive numbers have been included in the final total.

You do not need to rewrite the algorithm.

(4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 11 mins 3 questions

Exam Questions

Standard Methods of a
Solution
Linear Search & Bubble Sort / Other Standard Methods of a Solution

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1 (a) The flowchart represents an algorithm.

Identify the type of algorithm used.

(1 mark)

(b) Describe one problem that could occur with this algorithm if an invalid character was input.

(2 marks)

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2 (a) Describe counting in the context of algorithms.

(2 marks)

(b) Write pseudocode to count the number of times a user inputs a positive number, stopping
when the user inputs a negative number.

(3 marks)

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3 Outline the processes involved in the algorithm shown in the flowchart.

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 (3 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 1 hour 21 questions

Exam Questions

Validation & Verification

Validation & Verification / Suitable Test Data / Trace Tables

Easy (4 questions) /7 Scan here to return to the course

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Medium (9 questions) /35

Hard (8 questions) /43

Total Marks /85

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Easy Questions
1 A range check is used to check that a value input is above 10 and below 20.

Tick ( ) one box to show which value would be accepted.

A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
D. 30
(1 mark)

2 Verification checks can be made on input data.

Tick ( ) one box to show which check is a verification check on input data.

A. checksum
B. double entry check
C. echo check
D. parity check
(1 mark)

3 Tick ( ) one box in each row to identify if the statement is about validation, verification
or both.

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 Statement Validation Verification Both
( ) ( ) ( )

Entering the data twice to check if both entries are

the same.

Automatically checking that only numeric data has

been entered.

Checking data entered into a computer system

before it is stored or processed.

Visually checking that no errors have been

introduced during data entry.

(4 marks)

4 Tick ( ) one box to complete this sentence.

A validation check to make sure that an email address contains an ‘@’ sign is a

A. Range check
B. Visual check
C. Presence check
D. Format check
(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 Describe the purpose of validation and verification checks during data entry.

Include an example for each.

(4 marks)

2 A programmer has written an algorithm to check that prices are less than $10.00

These values are used as test data:

10.00 9.99 ten

State why each value was chosen as test data.

10.00

9.99

ten

(3 marks)

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3 A program checks if the weight of a baby is at least 2 kilograms.

Give, with reasons, two different values of test data that could be used for the baby’s
weight.

Each reason must be different.

(4 marks)

4 Give one piece of normal test data and one piece of erroneous test data that could be
used to validate the input of an email address.

State the reason for your choice in each case.

(4 marks)

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5 An algorithm allows a user to input their password and checks that there are at least eight
characters in the password. Then, the user is asked to re-input the password to check that
both inputs are the same. The user is allowed three attempts at inputting a password of the
correct length and a matching pair of passwords.

The pre-defined function LEN(X) returns the number of characters in the string, X

01 Attempt ← 0
02 REPEAT
03 PassCheck ← TRUE
04 OUTPUT "Please enter your password "
05 INPUT Password
06 IF LEN(Password) < 8
07 THEN
08 PassCheck ← TRUE
09 ELSE
10 OUTPUT "Please re-enter your password "
11 INPUT Password2
12 IF Password <> Password
13 THEN
14 PassCheck ← FALSE
15 ENDIF
16 ENDIF
17 Attempt ← Attempt + 1
18 UNTIL PassCheck OR Attempt <> 3
19 IF PassCheck
20 THEN
21 OUTPUT "Password success"
22 ELSE
23 OUTPUT "Password fail"
24 ENDIF

Give two sets of test data for this algorithm and a reason for choosing each set.

Each set of test data and its reason must be different.

(4 marks)

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6 Describe what is meant by data validation

(2 marks)

7 A validation check is used to make sure that any value that is input is an integer between 30
and 200 inclusive.

Give one example of each type of test data to check that the validation check is working
as intended. Each example of test data must be different.

Give a reason for each of your choices of test data.

Normal test data

Abnormal test data

Extreme test data

(6 marks)

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8 (a) A program needs to make sure the value input for a measurement meets the following
rules:

the value is a positive number

a value is always input

the value is less than 1000

Describe the validation checks that the programmer would need to use.

(3 marks)

(b) The program needs editing to include a double entry check for the value input

State why this check needs to be included.

(1 mark)

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9 This pseudocode algorithm is intended to allow, at random, between 1 and 20 values to be
entered and totalled. The total and average of the entered values are output at the end of
the algorithm.

01 DECLARE Loop : INTEGER

02 DECLARE Limit : INTEGER
03 DECLARE Value : REAL
04 DECLARE Total : REAL
05 Total 0
06 Limit ROUND(RANDOM() * 19,0) + 1
07 FOR Loop 1 TO Limit
08 OUTPUT "Enter a number"
09 INPUT Value
10 Total Total + Value
11 NEXT Loop
12 OUTPUT "The total of the numbers entered is ", Total
13 OUTPUT "The average number entered is ", Total / Limit
Explain how you should alter the algorithm to make sure that all the numbers entered are
between 1 and 500 inclusive.

If any numbers fall outside these limits, a replacement value is requested and entered.

You do not need to re-write the algorithm.

(4 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 This flowchart represents an algorithm.

The array Name[1:4] used in the flowchart contains the following data:

Name[1] Name[2] Name[3] Name[4]

Jamal Amir Eve Tara

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 Complete the trace table using the data given in the array

Flag Count Name[1] Name[2] Name[3] Name[4] Temp

Jamal Amir Eve Tara

(5 marks)

2 This flowchart inputs the weight of items, in kilograms, to be loaded on a trailer. Any item

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over 25 kilograms is rejected. The trailer can take up to 100 kilograms.

Complete the trace table for the input data:

13, 17, 26, 25, 5, 10, 15, 35, 20, 15

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 Weight Reject TotalWeight OUTPUT

(5 marks)

3 The pseudocode represents an algorithm.

The pre-defined function DIV gives the value of the result of integer division. For example, Y
= 9 DIV 4 gives the value Y = 2

The pre-defined function MOD gives the value of the remainder of integer division. For
example, R = 9 MOD 4 gives the value R = 1

First ← 0
Last ← 0
INPUT Limit
FOR Counter ← 1 TO Limit
INPUT Value
IF Value >= 100
THEN
IF Value < 1000
THEN
First ← Value DIV 100
Last ← Value MOD 10
IF First = Last
THEN
OUTPUT Value
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDIF
NEXT Counter

Complete the trace table for the algorithm using this input data:

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8, 66, 606, 6226, 8448, 642, 747, 77, 121

Counter Value First Last Limit OUTPUT

(6 marks)

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4 An algorithm allows a user to input their password and checks that there are at least eight
characters in the password. Then, the user is asked to re-input the password to check that
both inputs are the same. The user is allowed three attempts at inputting a password of the
correct length and a matching pair of passwords.

The pre-defined function LEN(X) returns the number of characters in the string, X

01 Attempt ← 0
02 REPEAT
03 PassCheck ← TRUE
04 OUTPUT "Please enter your password "
05 INPUT Password
06 IF LEN(Password) < 8
07 THEN
08 PassCheck ← TRUE
09 ELSE
10 OUTPUT "Please re-enter your password "
11 INPUT Password2
12 IF Password <> Password
13 THEN
14 PassCheck ← FALSE
15 ENDIF
16 ENDIF
17 Attempt ← Attempt + 1
18 UNTIL PassCheck OR Attempt <> 3
19 IF PassCheck
20 THEN
21 OUTPUT "Password success"
22 ELSE
23 OUTPUT "Password fail"
24 ENDIF

The algorithm includes two types of check on the data input.

Identify and describe each type of check.

(4 marks)

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5 This algorithm checks the temperature of hot food being served to customers.

Complete the trace table for the algorithm using this input data:

75, 78, 84, 87, 91, 80, 75, 70, 65, 62, –1, 20

Counter Hot Cold Serve Temp Error OUTPUT

(7 marks)

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6 The flowchart represents an algorithm.

The table represents the two-dimensional (2D) array Word[] which stores the first half of the
phonetic alphabet used for radio transmission. For example, Word[10,1] is ‘J’.

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 Index 1 2

1 A Alpha

2 B Bravo

3 C Charlie

4 D Delta

5 E Echo

6 F Foxtrot

7 G Golf

8 H Hotel

9 I India

10 J Juliet

11 K Kilo

12 L Lima

13 M Mike

Complete the trace table for the algorithm by using the input data: F, Y, D, N

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Pointer Letter Choice OUTPUT

(4 marks)

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7 This flowchart represents an algorithm.

The array X[1:5] used in the flowchart contains this data:

X[1] X[2] X[3] X[4] X[5]

10 1 5 7 11

Complete the trace table by using the data given in the array.

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F C X[1] X[2] X[3] X[4] X[5] T

10 1 5 7 11

(5 marks)

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8 The flowchart represents an algorithm.

Complete the trace table for the input data:

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7, 47, 50, 52, 60, 80, 63, 70

(7 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 20 mins 5 questions

Exam Questions

Identifying Errors
Identifying Errors / Writing & Amending Algorithms

Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]

Total Marks /20

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1 An algorithm allows a user to input their password and checks that there are at least eight
characters in the password. Then, the user is asked to re-input the password to check that
both inputs are the same. The user is allowed three attempts at inputting a password of the
correct length and a matching pair of passwords.

The pre-defined function LEN(X) returns the number of characters in the string, X

01 Attempt ← 0
02 REPEAT
03 PassCheck ← TRUE
04 OUTPUT "Please enter your password "
05 INPUT Password
06 IF LEN(Password) < 8
07 THEN
08 PassCheck ← TRUE
09 ELSE
10 OUTPUT "Please re-enter your password "
11 INPUT Password2
12 IF Password <> Password
13 THEN
14 PassCheck ← FALSE
15 ENDIF
16 ENDIF
17 Attempt ← Attempt + 1
18 UNTIL PassCheck OR Attempt <> 3
19 IF PassCheck
20 THEN
21 OUTPUT "Password success"
22 ELSE
23 OUTPUT "Password fail"
24 ENDIF
Identify the three errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction to remove each
error.

(3 marks)

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2 An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to allow some numbers to be input. All the
positive numbers that are input are totalled and this total is output at the end. An input of 0
stops the algorithm.

01 Exit ← 1
02 WHILE Exit <> 0 DO
03 INPUT Number
04 IF Number < 0
05 THEN
06 Total ← Total + Number
07 ELSE
08 IF Number = 0
09 THEN
10 Exit ← 1
11 ENDIF
12 ENDIF
13 ENDIF
14 OUTPUT "The total value of your numbers is ", Number
Identify the four errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction for each error.

(4 marks)

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3 An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to calculate a check digit for a four-digit
number. The algorithm then outputs the five-digit number including the check digit. The
algorithm stops when –1 is input as the fourth digit.

01 Flag FALSE
02 REPEAT
03 Total 0
04 FOR Counter 1 TO 4
05 OUTPUT "Enter a digit ", Counter
06 INPUT Number[Counter]
07 Total Total + Number * Counter
08 IF Number[Counter] = 0
09 THEN
10 Flag TRUE
11 ENDIF
12 NEXT Counter
13 IF NOT Flag
14 THEN
15 Number[5] MOD(Total, 10)
16 FOR Counter 0 TO 5
17 OUTPUT Number[Counter]
18 NEXT
19 ENDIF
20 UNTIL Flag
Identify the three errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction for each error.

(3 marks)

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4 (a) An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to input some numbers. It only outputs any
numbers that are greater than or equal to 100. The number 999 is not output and stops the
algorithm.

INPUT Number
WHILE Numbers <> 999 DO
IF Number > 100
THEN
OUTPUT Number
ENDIF
ENDWHILE
OUTPUT Number

Identify the four errors in the pseudocode and suggest corrections.

(4 marks)

(b) Write a pseudocode statement to change the corrected algorithm to output all numbers
between 100 and 200 inclusive.

You do not need to rewrite the whole algorithm

(2 marks)

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5 This section of program code asks for 80 numbers between 100 and 1000 inclusive to be
entered. The pseudocode checks that the numbers are in the correct range and then stores
the valid numbers in an array. It counts how many of the numbers are larger than 500 and
then outputs the result when finished.

01 Count ← 0
02 FOR Index ← 1 TO 80
03 INPUT "Enter a number between 100 and 1000 ", Number
04 WHILE Number <= 99 AND Number >= 1001
05 INPUT "This is incorrect, please try again", Number
06 ENDWHILE
07 Num[80] ← Number
08 IF Number > 500 THEN Count ← Count + 1 ENDIF
09 UNTIL Index = 80
10 PRINT Index
11 PRINT "numbers were larger than 500"
There are four lines of code that contain errors.

State the line number for each error and write the correct code for that line.

(4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 1 hour 28 questions

Exam Questions

Programming Concepts
Variables & Constants / Data Types / Input & Output / Sequence / Selection /
Iteration / Totalling & Counting / String Handling / Arithmetic, Logical & Boolean
Operators / Procedures & Functions / Local & Global Variables / Library
Routines / Maintaining Programs

Easy (11 questions) /27 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (12 questions) /42

Hard (5 questions) /18

Total Marks /87

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Easy Questions
1 Four pseudocode descriptions and five pseudocode statements are shown.

Draw a line to link each pseudocode description to the most appropriate pseudocode
statement.

Some pseudocode statements will not be used

(4 marks)

2 Tick ( ) one box to show the named section of a program that performs a specific task.

A. file
B. function
C. parameter
D. process
(1 mark)

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3 A function is declared using pseudocode.

FUNCTION ConvertToCm(Inches: REAL)

RETURNS REAL RETURN Inches * 2.4
ENDFUNCTION

Tick ( ) one box which accurately describes the use of the variable Inches

A. answer
B. call
C. parameter
D. response
(1 mark)

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4 A database table, 2018MOV, is used to keep a record of movie details

Complete the table to identify the most appropriate data type for each field based on the
data shown in the database table, 2018MOV.

Field Data type

CatNo

Title

Genre1

Streaming

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 (2 marks)

5 The variables X, Y and Z are used to store data in a program:

X stores a string

Y stores a position in the string (e.g. 2)

Z stores the number of characters in the string.

Write pseudocode statements to declare the variables X, Y and Z.

(3 marks)

6 Four programming concepts and four descriptions are shown.

Draw one line to connect each programming concept to the most appropriate description

(3 marks)

7 Tick ( ) one box in each row to identify the most appropriate data type for each
description. Only one tick ( ) per column.

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 Description Data type

Boolean Char Integer Real String

a single character from the keyboard

multiplecharacters from the keyboard

only one of two possible values

only whole numbers

any number

(4 marks)

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8 An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to calculate a check digit for a four-digit
number. The algorithm then outputs the five-digit number including the check digit. The
algorithm stops when –1 is input as the fourth digit.

01 Flag FALSE
02 REPEAT
03 Total 0
04 FOR Counter 1 TO 4
05 OUTPUT "Enter a digit ", Counter
06 INPUT Number[Counter]
07 Total Total + Number * Counter
08 IF Number[Counter] = 0
09 THEN
10 Flag TRUE
11 ENDIF
12 NEXT Counter
13 IF NOT Flag
14 THEN
15 Number[5] MOD(Total, 10)
16 FOR Counter 0 TO 5
17 OUTPUT Number[Counter]
18 NEXT
19 ENDIF
20 UNTIL Flag

Give the line number(s) for the statements showing:

Totalling

Count-controlled loop

Post-condition loop

(3 marks)

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 9 The variables P and Q are used to store data in a program. P stores a string. Q stores a
character.

Write pseudocode statements to declare the variables P and Q, store "The world" in P and
store 'W' in Q

(2 marks)

10 Describe the difference between a local variable and a global variable.

(2 marks)

11 Write the pseudocode to use a procedure named Average that passes the values 25 and 50
to the procedure.

(2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 A function LENGTH(X) finds the length of a string X and a function SUBSTRING(X,Y,Z) finds a
substring of X starting at position Y and Z characters long. The first character in the string is
position 1.

P ← "Computer Science"

Write a pseudocode statement to extract the word Computer from P and store it in the
variable F.

(2 marks)

2 Explain the difference between a WHILE … DO … ENDWHILE and a REPEAT … UNTIL loop

B ← FALSE
INPUT Num
FOR Counter ← 1 TO 12
IF A[Counter] = Num
THEN
B ← TRUE
ENDIF
NEXT Counter

(3 marks)

3 Explain the purpose of the library routines DIV and ROUND.

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 (4 marks)

4 State two features that should be included to create a maintainable program.

Give a reason why each feature should be used.

(4 marks)

5 The function LENGTH(Phrase) calculates the length of a string Phrase

The string "The beginning is the most important part" is stored in Phrase

State the output of the pseudocode statements:

OUTPUT LENGTH(Phrase)

OUTPUT UCASE(Phrase)

(2 marks)

6 The variables P and Q are used to store data in a program. P stores a string. Q stores a
character.

Write a pseudocode algorithm to:

convert P to upper case

find the position of Q in the string P (the first character in this string is in position 1)

store the position of Q in the variable Position

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 (4 marks)

7 Four descriptions of programming concepts and five programming concepts are shown.

Draw one line to link each description to the most appropriate programming concept.

Not all programming concepts will be used.

(4 marks)

8 Outline the role of procedures and functions in creating a program that is easier to
maintain.

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 (3 marks)

9 State what is meant by the data types integer and real.

Give an example of each.

(4 marks)

10 Write the pseudocode statements to perform this task:

• Accept the input of a whole number from 1 to 4 inclusive

• Use a CASE statement to:
○ output the number (1 to 4 inclusive) that was entered
○ output the word “ERROR” if a 1 to 4 inclusive number was not entered

(5 marks)

11 A function LENGTH(X) finds the length of a string X and a function SUBSTRING(X,Y,Z) finds a
substring of X starting at position Y and Z characters long. The first character in the string is
position 1.

Q ← "Programming Languages"

Write a pseudocode statement to extract the word Languages from Q and store it in the
variable G.

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 (2 marks)

12 Write the pseudocode statements to perform this task:

Accept the input of two whole numbers: a grade (1 to 5 inclusive) and a subject code
(10, 20, 30, or 40)

Use nested selection statements to:

○ If the grade is valid (1 to 5), use a CASE statement to check the subject code:

If subject code is 10: output "Mathematics - Grade " followed by the grade

If subject code is 20: output "Science - Grade " followed by the grade

If subject code is 30: output "English - Grade " followed by the grade

If subject code is 40: output "History - Grade " followed by the grade

If subject code is invalid: output "INVALID SUBJECT"

○ If the grade is not valid (not 1 to 5 inclusive), output "INVALID GRADE"

(5 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 Using a single loop, write an algorithm in pseudocode to output 50 names that have been
stored in the array, Name[]

(3 marks)

2 The function LENGTH(Phrase) calculates the length of a string Phrase

Write the pseudocode statements to:

store the string "The beginning is the most important part" in Phrase.

calculate and output the length of the string

output the string in upper case.

(3 marks)

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3 A program needs to make sure the value input for a measurement meets the following
rules:

the value is a positive number

a value is always input

the value is less than 1000.

The program needs editing to include a double entry check for the value input.

The input value needs to be stored in the variable Measurement Write pseudocode to
perform the double entry check until a successful input is made.

(3 marks)

4 An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to calculate a check digit for a four-digit
number. The algorithm then outputs the five-digit number including the check digit. The
algorithm stops when –1 is input as the fourth digit.

01 Flag FALSE
02 REPEAT
03 Total 0
04 FOR Counter 1 TO 4
05 OUTPUT "Enter a digit ", Counter
06 INPUT Number[Counter]
07 Total Total + Number * Counter
08 IF Number[Counter] = 0
09 THEN
10 Flag ← TRUE
11 ENDIF
12 NEXT Counter
13 IF NOT Flag
14 THEN
15 Number[5] MOD(Total, 10)
16 FOR Counter 0 TO 5
17 OUTPUT Number[Counter]
18 NEXT

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 19 ENDIF
20 UNTIL Flag

The algorithm does not check that each input is a single digit.
Identify the place in the algorithm where this check should occur.

Write pseudocode for this check. Your pseudocode must make sure that the input is a
single digit and checks for –1

(4 marks)

5 A function LENGTH(X) finds the length of a string X and a function SUBSTRING(X,Y,Z) finds a
substring of X starting at position Y and Z characters long. The first character in the string is
position 1.

Show the value of the variable after each pseudocode statement has been executed.

01 P ← "Computer Science"

02 Q ← LENGTH(P)

03 R ← SUBSTRING(P,10,7)

04 S ← LENGTH(R)

05 T ← SUBSTRING(R,1,3)

(5 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 1 hour 7 questions

Exam Questions

Arrays
Arrays

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Total Marks /66

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1 Tick ( ) one box to show the name of the data structure used to store a collection of data
of the same data type.

A. Array
B. Constant
C. Function
D. Variable
(1 mark)

2 Describe a one-dimensional array.

Include an example of an array declaration.

(3 marks)

3 Explain how indexing could be used to search for a value stored in a one-dimensional array.

(2 marks)

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4 A one-dimensional (1D) array Days[] contains the names of the days of the week. A two-
dimensional (2D) array Readings[] is used to store 24 temperature readings, taken once an
hour, for each of the seven days of the week. A 1D array AverageTemp[] is used to store the
average temperature for each day of the week.

The position of any day’s data is the same in all three arrays. For example, if Wednesday is in
index 4 of Days[], Wednesday’s temperature readings are in index 4 of Readings[] and
Wednesday’s average temperature is in index 4 of AverageTemp[]

The temperature readings are in Celsius to one decimal place. Temperatures can only be
from –20.0°C to +50.0°C inclusive.

Write a program that meets the following requirements:

input and validate the hourly temperatures for one week

calculate and store the average temperature for each day of the week

calculate the average temperature for the whole week

convert all the average temperatures from Celsius to Fahrenheit by using the formula
Fahrenheit = Celsius * 9/5 + 32

output the average temperature in Celsius and in Fahrenheit for each day

output the overall average temperature in Celsius and in Fahrenheit for the whole
week.

You must use pseudocode or program code and add comments to explain how your
code works.

You do not need to declare any arrays, variables or constants; you may assume that this has
already been done.

All inputs and outputs must contain suitable messages.

All data output must be rounded to one decimal place

You will need to initialise and populate the array Days[] at the start of the program

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 (15 marks)

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5 A two-dimensional (2D) array Account[] contains account holders’ names and passwords for
a banking program.

A 2D array AccDetails[] has three columns containing the following details:

column one stores the balance – the amount of money in the account, for example
250.00

column two stores the overdraft limit – the maximum total amount an account holder
can borrow from the bank after the account balance reaches 0.00, for example 100.00

column three stores the withdrawal limit – the amount of money that can be withdrawn
at one time, for example 200.00

The amount of money in a bank account can be negative (overdrawn) but not by more than
the overdraft limit.
For example, an account with an overdraft limit of 100.00 must have a balance that is
greater than or equal to –100.00

Suitable error messages must be displayed if a withdrawal cannot take place, for example if
the overdraft limit or the size of withdrawal is exceeded.

The bank account ID gives the index of each account holder’s data held in the two arrays. For
example, account ID 20’s details would be held in:
Account[20,1] and Account[20,2] AccDetails[20,1], AccDetails[20,2] and AccDetails[20,3]

The variable Size contains the number of accounts

The arrays and variable Size have already been set up and the data stored

Write a program that meets the following requirements:

checks the account ID exists and the name and password entered by the account
holder match the name and password stored in Account[] before any action can take
place

displays a menu showing the four actions available for the account holder to choose
from:

display balance

withdraw money

deposit money

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 exit

allows an action to be chosen and completed. Each action is completed by a procedure

with a parameter of the account ID.

You must use pseudocode or program code and add comments to explain how your code
works. All inputs and outputs must contain suitable messages.

You only need to declare any local arrays and local variables that you use.

You do not need to declare and initialise the data in the global arrays Account[] and
AccDetails[] and the variable Size

(15 marks)

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6 The one-dimensional (1D) array Clubs[] is used to store the names of 12 cricket clubs in a
local sports league.

The two-dimensional (2D) array Statistics[][] is used to store, for each cricket club, the
number of:

matches won

matches drawn

matches lost.

The 1D array Points[] is used to store the total number of points each cricket club has been
awarded.

The position of any cricket club’s data is the same in all three arrays. For example, the data
in index 2 of Statistics[] and index 2 of Points[] belongs to the cricket club in index 2 of
Clubs[].

The variable Matches stores the number of matches played by each team. Each team plays
the same number of matches.

Points are awarded for:

a win – 12 points

a draw – 5 points

a loss – 0 points.

Write a program that meets the following requirements:

allows the number of matches played to be input and stored, with a maximum of 22
matches

validates the number of matches played

allows the names of the cricket clubs to be input and stored

allows the number of matches won, drawn and lost to be input and stored for each
team

validates the number of matches won, drawn or lost against the number of matches
played

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 asks the user to re-enter the number of matches won, drawn or lost if the total does
not match the number of matches played

calculates and stores the total number of points for each club

finds the cricket club or clubs with the highest number of points

outputs the name or names of the winning club or clubs, the number of wins and the
total number of points awarded.

You must use pseudocode or program code and add comments to explain how your code
works.

You do not need to declare any arrays or variables; you may assume that this has already
been done.

All inputs and outputs must contain suitable messages.

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 (15 marks)

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7 A two-dimensional (2D) array StudentData[] contains student information for a school
management system.

A 2D array Grades[] has three columns containing the following academic details:

column one stores the current average grade – the student's overall percentage score,
for example 78.5

column two stores the minimum grade threshold – the lowest percentage required to
pass the course, for example 40.0

column three stores the maximum assignment score – the highest score achieved on
any single assignment, for example 95.0

A student's average grade can fall below the minimum threshold (failing status) but
appropriate warnings must be displayed.

For example, a student with a minimum threshold of 40.0 must have an average grade of at
least 40.0 to maintain passing status.

Suitable messages must be displayed for grade updates, for example if a new grade would
cause the student to fail or if an invalid grade is entered.

The student ID gives the index of each student's data held in the two arrays. For example,
student ID 15's details would be held in:

StudentData[15,1] and StudentData[15,2] for name and class

Grades[15,1], Grades[15,2] and Grades[15,3] for academic data

The variable TotalStudents contains the number of registered students.

The arrays and variable TotalStudents have already been set up and the data stored.

Write a program that meets the following requirements:

checks the student ID exists and the name and class entered by the user match the
name and class stored in StudentData[] before any action can take place

displays a menu showing the four actions available for the user to choose from:

display grades

update average grade

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 add assignment score

exit

allows an action to be chosen and completed. Each action is completed by a procedure

with a parameter of the student ID.

You must use pseudocode or program code and add comments to explain how your code
works. All inputs and outputs must contain suitable messages.

You only need to declare any local arrays and local variables that you use.

You do not need to declare and initialise the data in the global arrays StudentData[] and
Grades[] and the variable TotalStudents.

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 (15 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 18 mins 6 questions

Exam Questions

File Handling
File Handling

Scan here to return to the course

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Easy (3 questions) /9

Medium (3 questions) /9

Total Marks /18

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Easy Questions
1 State the two actions from the list below that a program needs to take to store data in a
file.

activate

calculate

close

open

output

print

read

search

sort

write

(2 marks)

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2 State five file-handling operations from the list below:

calculate

close

count

create

input

open

output

print

read

sort

search

test

total

write

(5 marks)

3 Outline why it is useful to store data in a file.

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 (2 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 Explain why a program might need to store data in a file

(3 marks)

2 A program halted unexpectedly with the error message ‘File not found’ whilst trying to read
data from a file.

Outline the actions that the program needs to take to prevent this error occurring.

(2 marks)

3 The function LENGTH(X) calculates the length of a string X

Write the pseudocode statements to:

read the contents of the text file [Link] into an appropriate string variable that
has been declared

output the string in upper case and the length of the string.

(4 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 39 mins 14 questions

Exam Questions

Databases
Single Table Databases / Primary Keys

Easy (9 questions) /18 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (2 questions) /6

Hard (3 questions) /15

Total Marks /39

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Easy Questions
1 A database table, 2018MOV, is used to keep a record of movie details.

State the number of records in the database table.

(1 mark)

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2 (a)

Give the name of the field that would be used for the primary key.

(1 mark)

(b) State the reason for choosing this field for the primary key

(1 mark)

3 A database table, PERFORMANCE, is used to keep a record of the performances at a local

theatre.

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 ShowNumber Type Title Date SoldOut

SN091 Comedy An Evening at Home 01 Sept Yes

SN102 Drama Old Places 02 Oct No

SN113 Jazz Acoustic Evening 03 Nov No

SN124 Classical Mozart Evening 04 Dec Yes

SN021 Classical Bach Favourites 01 Feb Yes

SN032 Jazz 30 Years of Jazz 02 Mar Yes

SN043 Comedy Street Night 03 Apr No

SN054 Comedy Hoot 04 May No

State the number of fields and records in the table.

(2 marks)

4 (a) A computer game shop records its stock levels in a database table called GAMES. The fields
used in the stock table are shown.

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 Name Description

GameID primary key

GameName the name of each game

AgeRestriction the minimum age at which a person is allowed to play each game

GamePrice the selling price for each game

NumberStock the quantity of each game currently in stock

OnOrder whether or not each game is on order from the suppliers

DateLastOrdered the date the most recent order for each game was placed

GameDescription a summary of the contents and purpose of each game

State the number of fields that are in the table GAMES.

(1 mark)

(b) State one important fact that must be true for a field to be a primary key.

(1 mark)

5 A database table, NURSE, is used to keep a record of disposable items worn by veterinary
nurses.

This is part of the table:

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 ItemNumber Description SingleUse Uses StockLevel ReorderLevel

DIG1 Glove (pair) Y 1 500 800

DIA1 Apron Y 1 700 800

DIM5 Hair net Y 1 650 500

DIA2 Apron N 5 25 100

DIS4 Suit N 3 70 50

DIV9 Shoe cover (pair) Y 1 400 250

Give a reason why the field SingleUse is not required in the table NURSE.

(1 mark)

6 (a) A database table called TVRange shows the main features and prices of a range of

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 televisions.

Give the name of the field that is most suitable to be the primary key.

State the reason for this choice.

(2 marks)

(b) The database uses the data types:

text

character

Boolean

integer

real

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 date/time

Complete the table to show the most appropriate data type for each field. Each data type
must be different.

Field Data type

TVCode

ScreenSize

SmartTV

Price$

(2 marks)

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7 (a) A music streaming service has a new database table named Songs to store details of songs
available for streaming. The table contains the fields:

SongNumber – the catalogue number, for example AG123

Title – the title of the song

Author – the name of the song writer(s)

Singer – the name of the singer(s)

Genre – the type of music, for example rock

Minutes – the length of the song in minutes, for example 3.75

Recorded – the date the song was recorded.

Identify the field that will be the most appropriate primary key for this table.

(1 mark)

(b) Complete the table to identify the most appropriate data type for the fields in Songs

Field Data type

SongNumber

Title

Recorded

Minutes

(2 marks)

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8 Describe what a field is in a database.

Provide an example of a field in a student database

(2 marks)

9 A database table called SoftDrinks stores details of the soft drinks sold by a small shop

Field Example data

Name Cola

Supplier Cambridge Beverages

Container Can

SizeCl 330

NumberInStock 30

ReorderLevel 15

Reordered Yes

State whether any of the given fields would be suitable as a primary key and give a reason
for your answer.

(1 mark)

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Medium Questions
1 A database table, PERFORMANCE, is used to keep a record of the performances at a local
theatre.

ShowNumber Type Title Date SoldOut

SN091 Comedy An Evening at Home 01 Sept Yes

SN102 Drama Old Places 02 Oct No

SN113 Jazz Acoustic Evening 03 Nov No

SN124 Classical Mozart Evening 04 Dec Yes

SN021 Classical Bach Favourites 01 Feb Yes

SN032 Jazz 30 Years of Jazz 02 Mar Yes

SN043 Comedy Street Night 03 Apr No

SN054 Comedy Hoot 04 May No

Give two validation checks that could be performed on the ShowNumber field

(2 marks)

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2 (a) A database table contains the following fields:

StudentID (integer)

FirstName (text)

LastName (text)

DateOfBirth (date)

Email (text)

Identify which field could benefit from a format check validation and justify your answer

(2 marks)

(b) Identify which field would require a type check validation and justify your answer.

(2 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 Consider the following database table for an online shopping system:

OrderID CustomerName ProductCode Quantity PricePerUnit TotalPrice

1001 John Smith PC12345 3 19.99 59.9

Suggest two different types of validation that could be applied to the ProductCode field.

Explain why they would be important.

(3 marks)

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 2 A school database is used to store information about students and their exam scores. The
following fields have been identified:

StudentID

FirstName

LastName

DateOfBirth

ExamScore

PassedExam

Describe the most appropriate data type for each of the following fields and justify your
choice.

StudentID

ExamScore

PassedExam

(6 marks)

3 (a) In a database for an online store, there are two tables: Customers and Orders.

1. Customers Table:

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 CustomerID Name Email PhoneNumber

C001 Alice Brown alice@[Link] 0123456789

C002 Bob Smith bob@[Link] 0987654321

3. Orders Table:

OrderID CustomerID OrderDate TotalAmount

O001 C001 2024-08-01 150.00

O002 C002 2024-08-02 200.00

Identify the primary key for each table and explain why it is suitable.

(4 marks)

(b) Describe how you would use the CustomerID field in the Orders table to link it to the
Customers table.

(2 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 23 mins 6 questions

Exam Questions

SQL
SQL

Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]

Total Marks /23

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1 A database table, PERFORMANCE, is used to keep a record of the performances at a local
theatre.

ShowNumber Type Title Date SoldOut

SN091 Comedy An Evening at Home 01 Sept Yes

SN102 Drama Old Places 02 Oct No

SN113 Jazz Acoustic Evening 03 Nov No

SN124 Classical Mozart Evening 04 Dec Yes

SN021 Classical Bach Favourites 01 Feb Yes

SN032 Jazz 30 Years of Jazz 02 Mar Yes

SN043 Comedy Street Night 03 Apr No

SN054 Comedy Hoot 04 May No

Show the output that would be given by this structured query language (SQL) statement:

SELECT Date, Title

FROM PERFORMANCE

WHERE SoldOut="No" AND Type = "Jazz";

(2 marks)

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2 A database table, 2018MOV, is used to keep a record of movie details.

Complete the structured query language (SQL) to return the category number and title
for all Comedy movies.

SELECT CatNo, Title

....................2018MOV

WHERE Genre1 = ...................................;

(2 marks)

3 A database table called TVRange shows the main features and prices of a range of

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televisions.

Complete the structured query language (SQL) query to return the television (TV) code,
screen size and price of all Smart TVs in the database table

SELECT TVCode,...................................,

.................TVRange

WHERE SmartTV =.............................;

(4 marks)

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 4 A music streaming service has a new database table named Songs to store details of songs
available for streaming. The table contains the fields:

SongNumber – the catalogue number, for example AG123

Title – the title of the song

Author – the name of the song writer(s)

Singer – the name of the singer(s)

Genre – the type of music, for example rock

Minutes – the length of the song in minutes, for example 3.75

Recorded – the date the song was recorded.

Explain the purpose of the structured query language (SQL) statements.

SUM (Minutes) FROM Songs WHERE Genre = "rock";

COUNT (Title) FROM Songs WHERE Genre = "rock";

(3 marks)

5 (a) The table students stores information about students and their exam results. The table has
the following structure:

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 Field Name Data Type Description

StudentID NUMERIC Unique identifier for each student

FirstName STRING First name of the student

LastName STRING Last name of the student

Class STRING Class of the student (e.g., '10A')

Subject STRING Subject of the exam (e.g., 'Maths')

Score NUMERIC Score obtained in the exam (0-100)

Write an SQL query to find the total sum of scores obtained by students in each class. The
results should be ordered by class, and the output should display the class and the total
sum of scores

(4 marks)

(b) Write an SQL query to find the total number of exam records where the students scored
above 75. The output should display just the total count

(3 marks)

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6 A database table called SoftDrinks stores details of the soft drinks sold by a small shop.

Field Example data

Name Cola

Supplier Cambridge Beverages

Container Can

SizeCl 330

NumberInStock 30

ReorderLevel 15

Reordered Yes

Complete the structured query language (SQL) statement to return the number of cans the
shop has in stock.

SELECT ..................(..............)

FROM ................

WHERE ......................... =...........................;

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 (5 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Computer Science 1 hour 10 questions

Exam Questions

Boolean Logic
Logic Gates / Logic Circuits / Truth Tables / Logic Expressions

Easy (2 questions) /10 Scan here to return to the course

or visit [Link]
Medium (3 questions) /20

Hard (5 questions) /40

Total Marks /70

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Easy Questions
1 Four logic gates and five standard symbols for logic gates are shown

Draw one line to link each logic gate to its standard symbol. Not all standard symbols will
be used.

(4 marks)

2 (a) Complete the truth table in Fig. 1 for the Boolean statement P = NOT(A AND B).

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 A B P

0 0 1

0 1

1 0

1 1 0

Fig. 1
(2 marks)

(b) Complete the truth table for the following logic gate.

A B Q

0 0 0

0 1 1

(4 marks)

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Medium Questions
1 (a) Consider this logic expression.

X = ( A AND B ) OR ( B AND NOT C )

Draw a logic circuit for this logic expression.

Each logic gate must have a maximum of two inputs.

Do not simplify this logic expression.

(4 marks)

(b) Complete the truth table from the given logic expression.

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 A B C Working space X

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

(4 marks)

2 Write the Boolean expression represented by the logic diagram below:

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 (3 marks)

3 (a) Consider the logic expression:

Z = (R OR NOT T) XOR (NOT S AND T)

Draw a logic circuit for this logic expression.

Each logic gate must have a maximum of two inputs.

Do not simplify this logic expression.

(5 marks)

(b) Complete the truth table from the given logic expression.

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R S T Working space Z

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

(4 marks)

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Hard Questions
1 (a) Consider the truth table:

A B C X

0 0 0 0

0 0 1 0

0 1 0 0

0 1 1 0

1 0 0 1

1 0 1 0

1 1 0 0

1 1 1 1

Draw a logic circuit to represent the given truth table.

Each logic gate should have maximum of two inputs.

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 Do not simplify the logic circuit.

(6 marks)

(b) Write a logic expression for the given truth table.

Do not simplify the logic expression.

(3 marks)

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2 (a) Consider this logic expression.

Z = (NOT A OR B) AND (B XOR C)

Draw a logic circuit for this logic expression.

Each logic gate must have a maximum of two inputs.

Do not simplify this logic expression.

(4 marks)

(b) Complete the truth table from the given logic expression.

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 A B C Working space X

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

(4 marks)

3 Consider this logic expression.

X = (A OR B) AND (NOT B AND C)

Complete the truth table for this logic expression.

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 A B C Working space X

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

(4 marks)

4 (a) Consider the following logic statement:

X = ((A OR B) AND (NOT (B XOR C)) AND C)

Draw a logic circuit to represent the given logic statement.

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 Do not attempt to simplify the logic statement. All logic gates must have a maximum of two
inputs.

(5 marks)

(b) Complete the truth table for the given logic statement.

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A B C Working space X

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

(4 marks)

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5 (a) Consider the following logic statement:

X = (((A AND NOT B) OR (NOT (B NOR C))) AND C)

Draw a logic circuit to represent the given logic statement.

Do not attempt to simplify the logic statement. All logic gates must have a maximum of two
inputs.

(6 marks)

(b) Complete the truth table for the given logic statement.

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A B C Working space X

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

(4 marks)

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