📘 NUMBER SYSTEM – COMPLETE NOTES
(From screenshots + concept flow)
1. Introduction to Number System (संख्या प्रणाली)
The Number System deals with the representation of numbers using digits.
Our commonly used system is the Decimal System (दशमलव पद्धति).
Decimal system has 10 digits:
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
These digits combine to form all numbers.
2. Understanding Digits & Numbers
Example Number → 2379
This is a 4-digit number.
Each digit has two types of values:
1. Place Value (स्थानिक मान)
2. Face Value (अंकीय मान / जातीय मान)
3. Place Value System (स्थानिक मान)
Every digit holds a different value depending on its position in the number.
For 2379:
Digit Position Place Value Explanation
9 Units (ones) 9 × 1 = 9
7 Tens 7 × 10 = 70
3 Hundreds 3 × 100 = 300
2 Thousands 2 × 1000 = 2000
So the number expands as:
2379 = 2000 + 300 + 70 + 9
4. Face Value (अंकीय मान या जातीय मान)
Face value is the digit itself, irrespective of its position.
In 2379:
Face Value of 9 → 9
Face Value of 7 → 7
Face Value of 3 → 3
Face Value of 2 → 2
Face value never changes.
5. Relationship between Place Value & Face Value
Formula:
Place Value = Face Value × 10ⁿ
Where n = number of digits to the right.
Example: For 7 in 2379
It is in the tens place
Digits right of it: 1
→ Place Value = 7 × 10¹ = 70
6. Questions from RRB/SSC shown in video
Q1. Find the place value of 7 in 71,624
(From screenshot)
Number: 71,624
Position of 7: Ten-thousands place
Place value:
7 × 10⁴ = 70000
Correct Answer: 70,000
Q2. Difference between place value & face value of 6 in 516372
Number: 516372
Digit: 6
Face value = 6
Place value = 6 × 10³ = 6000
Difference = 6000 – 6 = 5994
Correct Answer: 5994
Q3. Place value of 5 in 56789214
Digit 5 is in the 10⁷ place (crores place).
Place value = 5 × 10⁷
Answer:
(a) 5 × 10⁵
(b) 5 × 10⁷
(c) 5 × 10⁴
(d) 5 × 10⁶
Correct Answer: (b) 5 × 10⁷
Q4. Find the difference between prime values (face values) of 9 and 3 in 3,15,298
Prime value = Face value (अंकीय मान)
Face value of 9 = 9
Face value of 3 = 3
Difference = 9 – 3 = 6
Correct Answer: 6
(The video shows this as a trick question)
7. Powers of 10 Concept (10 की घात)
Used repeatedly in place value questions.
10 = 10¹
100 = 10 × 10 = 10²
1000 = 10 × 10 × 10 = 10³
General rule:
The value grows by multiplying with 10 as position increases.
8. Expanded Form Method (very important for SSC)
For any number ABCD… write as:
(A × value of its place) + (B × value of its place) + ...
Example:
56789214 =
5 × 10⁷ +
6 × 10⁶ +
7 × 10⁵ +
8 × 10⁴ +
9 × 10³ +
2 × 10² +
1 × 10¹ +
4 × 10⁰
9. Key Tricks Explained in Video
✔ Trick 1:
To find place value → count zeros after the digit
Example:
In 56789214 → 5 is followed by 7 digits → 7 zeros
So place value = 5 and then 7 zeros
✔ Trick 2:
Difference between place value & face value:
Difference = (Face value × 10ⁿ) – Face value
= Face value × (10ⁿ – 1)
✔ Trick 3:
Face value is always the digit itself ― no change.
10. Practice Questions (Based on video flow)
1. Face value of 8 in 25817
2. Place value of 2 in 82714
3. Difference between place value & face value of 9 in 19274
4. Find the place value of 4 in 54278619
5. In 901276, find the place value of 0
(If you want, I will solve them too.)
11. Summary Table
Concept Meaning Changes with position?
Face Value digit itself ❌ No
Place Value digit × value of its position ✔ Yes
10ⁿ Rule Multiply by 1, 10, 100, 1000... ✔ Yes