EXERCISE-1

Q.17 Time-displacement graphs of two bodies A

and B are shown in the Figure. Which one has
larger velocity ?
Q.1 Can the speed of a body moving with a
constant velocity change ?
Q.2 Can the velocity of a body moving with a
uniform speed change ?
Q.3 Can average velocity of a moving body be Q.18 The velocity of a body is 72 km/hr. Calculate
zero? its value in m/s.
Q.4 Can average speed of a moving body be zero? B.  Short Answer Type Questions
Q.5 Time-displacement graph is a straight line
parallel to the time axis. What is its velocity Q.19 Define state of motion.
and the acceleration ? Q.20 Differentiate between the following :
(i) speed and velocity,
Q.6 What is the acceleration of a body moving
with constant velocity ? (ii) distance and displacement
Q.21 Displacement of a body can be zero even
Q.7 A stone is thrown upwards, reaches a height h when the distance travelled is not zero.
and comes back. What are the distance moved Explain.
and displacement ?
Q.22 What do you mean by negative and positive
Q.8 A particle moves along the circumference of acceleration ? Explain.
a circle in half cycle. Calculate the distance Q.23 A train is moving with a constant speed of 40
travelled and displacement. km/hr. Draw time-speed graph. From this, draw
time-distance graph upto 5 hours from the start.
Q.9 Define uniform circular motion.
Q.24 Draw the graph for uniform motion.
Q.10 What is the relation between linear velocity (i) Displacement - Time
and angular velocity ? (ii) Velocity - Time
Q.11 Does uniform circular motion has accelerated Q.25 In the given figure A and B represent uniform
motion or no acceleration at all ? motion or accelerated motion.
Q.12 What is the direction of angular velocity ?
Q.13 In uniform circular motion, does the angular
velocity remain constant or if changes with
time.
Q.26 In the given Figure. What type of motion are
Q.14 A car starts moving with 20 m/s and its represented by the parts AB, BC, CD and DE.
velocity becomes 80 m/s after 6 sec.
Calculate its acceleration.

Q.15 A body is thrown vertically up with a velocity

98 m/s. How much high it will rise ? (g = 9.8
m/s2). Q.27 For a moving body distance travelled is
directly proportional to the time. What do you
Q.16 A body falls from a height of 500 m. In how
conclude about its speed ?
much time, will it strike the ground ?
Q.28 Figure shows the time velocity graphs for
three bodies A, B and C.

Q.37 Time velocity graph of a moving body is

shown in figure Calculate the following :
(i) Which body has minimum acceleration ?
(ii) Which body has maximum acceleration ?
Q.29 A body starting with initial velocity u moves
with a constant acceleration a. Find the
expression for distance travelled in nth
seconds.
Q.30 A body starting from rest moves with a
(i) Change in velocity during t = 6s to t = 8s
constant acceleration. It moves a distance s 1
(ii) Average acceleration during t = 10s to
in first 5 seconds and a distance s 2 in next 5
t = 12s.
seconds. Prove that s2 = 3s1.
(iii) In which time interval acceleration will
Q.31 An engine is moving with a velocity 44 m/s. be zero.
After applying the brakes, it stops after (iv) Acceleration during t = 14 s to t = 16 s.
covering a distance of 121 m. Calculate
retardation and time taken by the engine to Q.38 Time-acceleration graph of a moving body is
stop. shown in figure Calculate the following :
Q.32 A body is thrown vertically up with an initial
velocity of 60 m/s. If g = 10 m/s 2, at what
time, it will be at a height of 100 m.

(i) Time interval in which acceleration will be

Q.33 What do you mean by average speed ? How zero.
will you find average speed from time- (ii) Acceleration at t = 5 s.
distance graph ? (iii) Change in velocity during time interval
Q.34 What is the difference between time-speed t = 4s and t = 8 s.
and time-velocity graph ? In what condition,
they are similar ? Q.39 An artificial satellite is moving in a circular
Q.35 What do you mean by acceleration ? How do orbit of radius 42, 250 km. Find its speed if it
you find acceleration from time-velocity takes 24 hours to revolve round the earth.
graph?
Q.40 On 120 km track, a train travels the first 30
Q.36 Time-velocity graph of a body is shown in
km with a uniform speed of 30 km/h. How
figure Calculate the following :
fast must the train travel the next 90 km so as
(i) Distance travelled in first 10 s
to average 60 km/hr for entire trip ?
(ii) Acceleration at t = 15 s
(iii) Acceleration between t = 20 s to t = 25s.

EXERCISE-2
Q.1 A body whose position with respect to
surrounding does not change, is said to be in a
 state of - (D) Its magnitude is less than or equal to the
(A) Rest (B) Motion actual path length of the object.
(C) Vibration (D) Oscillation
Q.10 S.I. unit of displacement is-
Q.2 In case of a moving body-
(A) m (b) ms–1
(A) Displacement > Distance –2
(C) ms (D) none of these
(B) Displacement < Distance
(C) Displacement  Distance
Q.11 Which of the following is not a vector?
(D) Displacement  Distance
(A) Speed (B) Velocity
(C) Weight (D) Acceleration
Q.3 Vector quantities are those which have :
(A) Only direction
Q.12 Time is an example of:-
(B) Only Magnitude
(C) Magnitude and direction both (A) Scalar
(D) None of these (B) Vector
(C) Scalar or vector
Q.4 What is true about scalar quantities ? (D) Neither scalar nor vector
(A) Scalars quantities have direction also.
(B) Scalars can be added arithmetically. Q.13 In five minutes distance between a pole and a
(C) There are special laws for scalar addition.
car changes progressively. What is true about
(D) Scalars have special method to represent.
the car ?
Q.5 A body is said to be in motion if - (A) Car is at rest
(A) Its position with respect to surrounding (B) Car is in motion
objects remains same (C) Nothing can be said with this information
(B) Its position with respect to surrounding (D) None of the above
objects keep on changing
(C) both (A) and (B)
Q.14 A distance -
(D) Neither (A) nor (B)
(A) Is always positive
Q.6 A distance is always- (B) Is always negative
(A) shortest length between two points (C) May be positive as well as negative
(B) path covered by an object between two (D) Is neither positive nor negative
points
(C) product of length and time Q.15 When a body covers equal distance in equal
(D) none of the above intervals of time, its motion is said to be :
(A) Non-uniform
Q.7 A displacement- (B) Uniform
(A) is always positive (C) Accelerated
(B) is always negative (D) Back and forth
(C) may be positive as well as negative
(D) is neither positive nor negative Q.16 The motion along a straight line is called:
Q.8 Examples of vector quantities are: (A) Vibratory (B) Stationary
(A) velocity, length and mass (C) Circular (D) Linear
(B) speed, length and mass Q.17 A particle is traveling with a constant speed.
(C) time, displacement and mass This means-
(D) velocity, displacement and force (A) Its position remains constant as time
passes
Q.9 Which of the following is not characteristic of (B) It covers equal distances in equal interval
of time
displacement ?
(C) Its acceleration is zero
(A) It is always positive. (D) It does not change its direction of motion
(B) It has both magnitude and direction.
(C) It can be zero. Q.18 The rate of change of displacement is -
(A) Speed (B) Velocity
 (C) Acceleration (D) Retardation (A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
Q.19 Speed is never -
(A) Zero (B) Fraction Q.29 Out of energy and acceleration which is
(C) Negative (D) Positive vector ?
(A) Acceleration (B) Energy
Q.20 The motion of a body covering different (C) Both (D) None of these
distances in same intervals of time is said to
be - Q.30 C.G.S. unit of acceleration is -
(A) Zig-Zag (B) Fast
(A) ms–2 (B) cm s–2
(C) Slow (D) Variable –2
(C) ms (D) cm s2
Q.21 Unit of velocity is :
Q.31 A train starting from a railway station and
(A) ms (B) ms–1
–2 moving with uniform acceleration, attains a
(C) ms (D) none of these
speed of 40 kmh–1 in 10 minutes. Its
Q.22 Metre per second is not the unit of - acceleration is -
(A) 18.5 ms–2 (B) 1.85 cm s–2
–2
(A) Displacement (B) Velocity (C) 18.5 cms (D) 1.85 m s–2
(C) Speed (D) None of them
Q.32 The brakes applied to a car produce a
Q.23 A particle moves with a uniform velocity - negative acceleration of 6ms–2. If the car stops
(A) The particle must be at rest after 2 seconds, the initial velocity of the car
(B) The particle moves along a curved path is -
(C) The particle moves along a circle (A) 6 ms–1 (B) 12 ms–1
(D) The particle moves along a straight line (C) 24 ms–1 (D) Zero

Q.24 A quantity has value of –6.0 ms –1. It may be Q.33 A body is moving with uniform velocity of 10
the- ms–1. The velocity of the body after 10 s is -
(A) Speed of a particle (A) 100 ms–1 (B) 50 ms–1
(B) Velocity of a particle (C) 10 ms –1
(D) 5 ms–1
(C) Position of a particle
(D) Displacement of a particle
Q.34 In 12 minutes a car whose speed is 35 kmh –1
travels a distance of -
Q.25 In 10 minutes, a car with speed of 60 kmh –1
(A) 7 km (B) 3.5 km
travels a distance of -
(C) 14 km (D) 28 km
(A) 6 km (B) 600 km
(C) 10 km (D) 7 km
Q.35 A body is moving along a straight line at
Q.26 A particle covers equal distances in equal 20 ms–1 undergoes an acceleration of 4 ms –2.
After 2 s, its speed will be-
intervals of time, it is said to be moving with
(A) 8 ms–1 (B) 12 ms–1
uniform-
(C) 16 ms–1 (D) 28 ms–1
(A) Speed (B) Velocity
(C) Acceleration (D) Retardation
Q.36 A car increase its speed from 20 kmh –1 to
50 kmh–1 in 10 s., its acceleration is -
Q.27 The SI unit of the average velocity is - (A) 30 ms–2 (B)3 ms–1
(A) m/s (B) km/s (C) 18 ms–2 (D) 0.83 ms–2
(C) cm/s (D) mm/s

Q.28 A car accelerates uniformly from 18 km/h to

36km/ h in 5 s. The acceleration in ms–2 is -
Q.37 When the distance travelled by an object is
directly proportional to the time, it is said to
travel with-
(A) zero velocity
(B) constant speed
(C) constant acceleration
(D) uniform velocity

Q.38 A body freely falling from rest has a velocity

v after it falls through a height h. The distance
it has to fall further for its velocity to become (A) 8m , 16m (B) 16m, 8m
double is - (C) 16m, 16m (D) 8m, 8m
(A) 3 h (B) 6 h
(C) 8 h (D) 10 h
Q.44 For the velocity time graph shown in figure,
the distance covered by the body in the last
Q.39 The velocity of a bullet is reduced from 200
m/s to 100 m/s while travelling through a two seconds of its motion is what fraction of
wooden block of thickness 10 cm. The the total distance covered in all the seven
retardation, assuming it to be uniform, will be seconds ?
(A) 10 × 104 m/s2 (B) 1.2 x 104 m/s2
(C) 13.5 × 104 m/s2 (D) 15 x 104 m/s2

Q.40 A body starts falling from height 'h' and

travels distance h/2 during the last second of
motion. The time of travel (in sec.) is-
(A) √ 2−1 (B) 2+ √ 2
(C) √ 2+ √ 3 (D) √ 3+2 (A) 1/2 (B) 1/4
(C) 1/3 (D) 2/3
Q.41 Area between speed-time graph and time axis
gives-
(A) Distance (B) Velocity Q.45 Velocity-time graph AB (Figure) shows that
(C) Speed (D) None of these the body has-

Q.42 An object undergoes an acceleration of 8ms –2

starting from rest. Distance travelled in 1 sec.
is-
(A) 2 m (B) 4 m
(C) 6 m (D) 8 m
Q.43 The velocity-time graph of a body moving in (A) A uniform acceleration
a straight line is shown in figure. The (B) A non uniform retardation
displacement and distance travelled by the (C) Uniform speed
body in 6 second are respectively- (D) Initial velocity OA and is moving with
uniform retardation

Q.46 In figure BC represents a body moving-

 Q.54 Unit of angular velocity is –
(A) rad (B) m/s
(C) rad/s2 (D) rad/s

Q.55 Two bodies in circular paths of radii 1 : 2 take

same time to complete their circles. The ratio
of their linear speeds is-
(A) Backwards with uniform velocity
(A) 1 : 2 (C) 2 : 1
(B) Forward with uniform velocity
(C) 1: 3 (D) 3 : 1
(C) Backward with non-uniform velocity
(D) Forward with non-uniform velocity
Q.56 In a circular path of radius 1 m, a mass of
2 kg moves with a constant speed of 10 ms –1.
Q.47 1C is equal to-
The angular speed in radian/sec. is -
(A) 57.3° (B) 573°
(A) 5 (B) 10
(C) 180° (D) 360°
(C) 15 (D) 20
Q.48 An athlete complete one round of a circular
track of diameter 200 m in 40 s. What will be Q.57 The relation among v,  and r is -
the displacement at the end of 2 minutes 40 s. ? v ω
ω= v=
(A) 2200 m (B) 220 m (A) r (B) r
(C) 22 m (D) Zero r
ω=
(C) v (D) None of these
Q.49 What will be the distance in the above
question?
Q.58 Uniform circular motion is an example of :
(A) 2512 m (B) 2500 m
(A) Constant acceleration
(C) 2200 m (D) Zero
(B) Variable acceleration
Q.50 The distance travelled by a body is directly (C) A and B both
proportional to the time, then the body is said (D) None of these
to have -
(A) Zero speed (B) Zero velocity Q.59 Rate of change of angular velocity refer to :
(C) Constant speed (D) None of these (A) angular speed
(B) angular displacement
Q.51 An athlete runs along a circular track of (C) angular acceleration
diameter 28 m. The displacement of the (D) None of these
athlete after he completes one circle is -

()
th
(A) 28 m (B) 88 m 1
(C) 44 m (D) Zero
Q.60 A car travels 4 of a circle with radius r.
Q.52 A boy is running along a circular track of The ratio of the distance to its displacement
radius 7 m. He completes one circle in 10 is-
second. The average velocity of the boy is - π π
1: :1
(A) 4.4 ms–1 (B) 0.7 ms–1 (A) 2 √2 (B) 2 √ 2
(C) Zero (D) 70 ms–1
(C) 2 √ 2: π (D) π 2 √ 2 :1
Q.53 A body is moving with a uniform speed of
5 ms–1 in a circular path of radius 5 m. The
acceleration of the body is:
(A) 25 ms–2 (B) 15 ms–2
–2
(C) 5 ms (D) 1 ms–2

ANSWER KEY
 EXERCISE - 1
1. no [Link] 3. yes
4. no 5. 0, 0 6. 0
7. 2h, 0 8. r, 2r 10. v = r
11. accelerated motion 12. along the axis of rotation 13. remains constant
14. 10m/sec2 15. 490 m 16. 10s
17. A 18. 20 m/sec
27.Auniform motion, Baccelerated motion 28. (i) A, (ii) C
31. 8 m/sec2, 5.5s 32. 2s, 10s 36. (i) 300 m (ii) 0 m/s2, (iii) –6 m/s2
37. (i) 30 m/s, (ii) 0, (iii) 10 to 14 s, (iv) – 15 m/s2 38. (i) 2 to 4s, (ii) – 15 m/s2 (iii) 30 m/s
39. 3.1 km/sec 40. 90 km/h

EXERCISE - 2

Ex.1 A person travels a distance of 5 m towards east, then 4 m towards north and then 2 m towards west.
(i) Calculate the total distance travelled.
(ii) Calculate the resultant displacement.
Sol. (i) Total distance travelled by the person
= 5 m + 4 m + 2 m = 11 m
(ii) To calculate the resultant displacement, we choose a convenient scale, where 1 cm represents 1 m. We draw
a 5 cm long line AB towards east and then 4 cm long line BC towards north. Finally, a 2 cm long line CD
towards west. The resultant displacement is calculated by joining the initial position A to the final position D.
We measure AB = 5 cm.
Since 1 cm = 1 m
 5 cm = 5 m
Hence, the displacement of the person
= 5m towards AD.
Ex.2 A body is moving in a straight line. Its distances from origin are shown with time in Fig. A, B, C, D and E
represent different parts of its motion. Find the following :
(i) Displacement of the body in first 2 seconds.
(ii) Total distance travelled in 7 seconds.
(iii) Displacement in 7 seconds

Sol. (i) Displacement of the body in first 2s = 40m

(ii) From t = 0 to t = 7 s, the body has moved a distance of 80 m from origin and it has again come back to
origin. Therefore, the total distance covered = 80 × 2 = 160 m
(iii) Since the body has come back to its initial position, the displacement is zero.
Ex.3 The distance between two points A and B is 100 m. A person moves from A to B with a speed of 20 m/s and
from B to A with a speed of 25 m/s. Calculate average speed and average velocity.
Sol. (i) Distance from A to B = 100 m
Distance from B to A = 100 m
Thus, total distance = 200 m
Time taken to move from A to B, is given by
dis tan ce 100
t1 = velocity = 20 = 5 seconds
Time taken from B to A, is given by
dis tan ce 100
t2 = velocity = 25 = 4 seconds
Total time taken = t1 + t2 = 5 + 4 = 9 sec.
 Average speed of the person
Total dis tan ce covered 200
= Total time taken = 9 m/s = 22.2 m/s
(ii) Since person comes back to initial position A, displacement will be zero, resulting zero average velocity.
Ex.4 A car moves with a speed of 40 km/hr for first hour, then with a speed of 60 km/hr for next half hour and
1
1
finally with a speed of 30 km/hr for next 2 hours. Calculate the average speed of the car.
Sol. Distance travelled in first hour, is given by
s1 = speed × time = 40 km/hr × 1 hr = 40 km
Distance travelled in next half an hour, is given by
1
s2 = speed × time = 60 km/hr × 2 hr = 30 km
 1
1
Distance travelled in last 2 hours, is given by
3
s = speed × time = 30 km/hr × 2 hr = 45 km
3
Thus, total distance travelled = s1 + s2 + s3
= 40 + 30 + 45 = 115 km
1 1
Total time taken = 1 + + 1 2 = 3 hours
2
Total dis tan ce covered 115 km
 Average speed = Total time taken = 3 hrs =38.33 km/hr
Ex.5 Figure shows time distance graph of an object. Calculate the following :
(i) Which part of the graph shows that the body is at rest ?
(ii) Average speed in first 10 s.
(iii) Speeds in different parts of motion.

Distance-time graph

Sol. (i) The part BC shows that the body is at rest.

(ii) In first 10 seconds, distance travelled = 100m
Distan ce cov ered
 Thus, average speed = Time taken
100
= 10 = 10 m/s
100
(iii) Speed of the object in part AB is given by slope = 6 = 50/3 m/s
Speed of object in part BC = 0 m/s
Speed of the object in part CD
100−40 60
= 12−10 = 2 = 30 m/s
Speed of object in part DE
40−0 40
=14−12 = 2 = 20m/s

Ex.6 Time-velocity graph of a particle is shown in Figure. Calculate the distance travelled in first seconds.
Sol. Distance travelled in first 8s is given by area OABCG
= area of rectangle OAMG
+ area of triangle BMC
1
= 8 × 60 + 2 × 4 × 40 = 480 + 80 = 560 m.
total dis tan ce
average speed = total time
displacement
Average velocity=
total time
 Average speed is a scalar, while average velocity is a vector.
 For a moving body average speed can never be –ve or zero (unless t ), while average velocity can be i.e.
→
v
vav > 0 while av > = or < 0
 In general average speed is not equal to magnitude of average velocity. However it can be so if the motion is
along a straight line.

Ex.7 Time-velocity graph of a body is shown in the figure. Find its acceleration in m/s2.
Sol. As it is clear from the figure,
At t = 0 s, v = 20 m/s
At t = 4 s, v = 80 m/s
Change in velocity
 Acceleration, a = Timeint erval

Δv v 2 −v 1 (80−20) m/ s
= Δt = t 2 −t 1 = (4−0) 15m/s2
Ex.8 Time-velocity graph of a particle is shown in figure. Find its instantaneous acceleration at following intervals
:
 (i) at t = 3s
(ii) at t = 6s
(iii) at t = 9s
Sol. (i) Instantaneous acceleration at t = 3s, is given by
a = slope of line AB = zero
(ii) Instantaneous acceleration at t = 6 s, is given by a = slope of line
CM 100−60
BC = BM = 8−4 = – 10 m/s2
0−100
(iii) Instantaneous acceleration at t = 9 s, is given by a = slope of line CD =10−8 = –50 m/s2
Ex.9 Starting from rest, Deepak paddles his bicycle to attain a velocity of 6 m/s in 30 seconds then he applies
brakes so that the velocity of the bicycle comes down to 4 m/s in the next 5 seconds. Calculate the
acceleration of the bicycle in both the cases.
Sol. (i) Initial velocity, u = 0, final velocity,
v = 6 m/s, time, t = 30 s
Using the equation v = u + at, we have
v−u
a= t
substituting the given values of u, v and t in the above equation, we get
6−0
a= 30 = 0.2 m/s2 ;
which is positive acceleration.
(ii) Initial velocity, u = 6 m/s, final velocity,
v = 4 m/s, time, t = 5 s, then
v−u 4−6
a= t = 5 = –0.4 m/s2 ;
which is retardation.
Note : The acceleration of the case (i) is positive and is negative in the case (ii).

Ex.10 A body starts moving with an initial velocity 50 m/s and acceleration 20 m/s 2. How much distance it will
cover in 4s ? Also, calculate its average speed during this time interval.
Sol. Given : u = 50 m/s, a = 20 m/s2,
t = 4s, s = ?
 1 1
s = ut + at = 50 × 4 + 2 × 20 × (4)2
2 2

= 200 + 160 = 360 m

Average speed during this interval,
dis tan ce travelled 360
V = time int erval = 4 = 90 m/s

Ex.11 A body is moving with a speed of 20 m/s. When certain force is applied, an acceleration of 4 m/s 2 is
produced. After how much time its velocity will be 80 m/s ?
Sol. Given : u = 20 m/s, a = 4 m/s2,
v = 80 m/s, t = ?
Using equation, v = u + at, we get
80 = 20 + 4 × t
or 4t = 80 – 20 = 60
or t = 15 s
Therefore, after 15 seconds, the velocity of the body will be 80 m/s.

Ex.12 A body starts from rest and moves with a constant acceleration. It travels a distance s 1in first 10 s, and a
distance s2 in next 10 s. Find the relation between s2 and s1.
Sol. Given : u = 0, t1 = 10 s
 Distance travelled in first 10 seconds, is given by
1 1
s1 = ut + 2 at2 = 0 + 2 × a × (10)2
= 50a ...(1)
To calculate the distance travelled in next 10s, we first calculate distance travelled in 20 s and then subtract distance
travelled in first 10 s.
1 1
s = ut + 2 at2 = 0 + 2 × a × (20)2
= 200a ...(2)
 Distance travelled in 10th second interval,
s2 = s – s1 = 200a – 50a ...(3)
or s2 = 150a
s 2 150 a 3
Now, s 1 = 50 a =1
or s2 = 3s1

Ex.13 A train is moving with a velocity 400 m/s. With the application of brakes a retardation of 10 m/s 2 is
produced. Calculate the following :
(i) After how much time it will stop ?
(ii) How much distance will it travel before it stops?
Sol. (i) Given: u = 400 m/s, a = –10 m/s2, v = 0, t = ?
Using equation, v = u + at, we get
0 = 400 + (–10) × t
or t = 40 s
(ii) For calculating the distance travelled, we use equation,
v2 = u2 + 2as, we get
(0)2 = (400)2 + 2 × (–10) × s
 or 20s = 400 × 400
or s = 8000 m = 8 km
Ex.14 A body is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 19.6 m/s. If g = –9.8 m/s 2. Calculate the
following :
(i) The maximum height attained by the body.
(ii) After how much time will it come back to the ground ?
Sol.(i) Given: u = 19.6 m/s, g = –9.8 m/s2, v = 0, h = ?
Using equation v2 = u2 + 2gh, we get
(0)2 = (19.6)2 + 2(–9.8) × h
19.6×19.6
or h = 2×9.8 = 19.6 m
(ii) Time taken to reach the maximum height can be calculated by the equation,
v = u + gt
or 0 = 19.6 + (–9.8) × t
or t = 2s
In the same time, it will come back to its original position.
 Total time = 2 × 2 = 4s
Ex.15 From the top of a tower of height 490 m, a shell is fired horizontally with a velocity 100 m/s. At what
distance from the bottom of the tower, the shell will hit the ground ?
Sol. We know that the horizontal motion and the vertical motion are independent of each other. Now for vertical
motion, we have u = 0,
h = 490 m, g = 9.8 m/s2, t = ?
1
Using equation,h = ut + 2 gt2, we get
1
490 = 0 + 2 × 9.8 × t2
490
or t = 4 . 9 = 100
2
or t = 10 s
 It takes 10 seconds to reach the ground.
Now, horizontal distance
= horizontal velocity × time
= 100 m/s × 10 s = 1000 m
 The shell will strike the ground at a distance of 100 m from the bottom of the tower.

Ex.16 A particle moves in a circle of radius 2 m and completes 5 revolutions in 10 seconds. Calculate the following
:
(i) Angular velocity and
(ii) Linear velocity.
Sol. Since, it completes 5 revolutions in 10 seconds.
10
 Time period = 5 = 2s
2π 2π
(i) Now angular velocity, = T = 2 = rad/s
(ii) Linear velocity is given by
v = r= 2
 v = 2m/s
Ex.17 The length of second's needle in a watch is 1.2 cm. Calculate the following :
(i) Angular velocity and
(ii) Linear velocity of the tip of the needle.
Sol. (i) We know that the second's needle in a watch completes one revolution in 60 seconds.
 Time period, T = 60 s
Angular velocity,
2π 2π π
= T = 60 = 30 rad/s
(ii) Length of the needle = 1.2 cm = Radius of the circle
Linear velocity of the tip of the needle is given by
π π
v = r= 1.2 × 30 = 25
π
or v = 2 s = 1.266 × 10–1 cm/sec.
Ex.18 Earth revolves around the sun in 365 days. Calculate its angular velocity.
Sol. Time period,
T = 365 days
= 365 × 24 × 60 × 60 seconds
2π
 Angular velocity, = T
2π
= 365×24×60×60 rad/s = 1.99 × 10–7 rad/s.