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Index:

Topic: Cloud Based Services

Topic: Cloud Deployment Models
Topic: Google Cloud Platform Tutorial
Topic: Google App Engine (GAE)
Topic: Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Topic: Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
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Topic: Cloud Based Services

Cloud-based services are computing resources provided over the internet, allowing users to run
applications, store data, and access IT services without using local hardware. It is a model that delivers
computing resources such as servers, storage, and software over the internet on demand, eliminating the
need for local infrastructure.
 Users can get and use resources whenever they need, without waiting for anyone.
 Services are accessible over the internet from multiple devices like laptops, smartphones, and tablets.
 Computing resources are shared across multiple users, with resources dynamically allocated based
on demand.
 Resources can be quickly scaled up or down to meet workload demands.
 Users are billed only for the resources they use, reducing unnecessary costs.

Types of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing services are classified into five main types, collectively known as the cloud computing
stack:
1. Software as a service (SaaS)
2. Platform as a service (PaaS)
3. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
4. Anything/Everything as a Service (XaaS)

1. Software as a Service(SaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS) is a cloud computing model in which software applications are delivered over
the internet and accessed through a web browser, eliminating the need for local installation, maintenance, or
updates. The service provider manages the application, infrastructure, and security, while users pay on a
usage or subscription basis.
Cloud-based Access and Subscription Model
With SaaS, businesses only pay for the software they use often on a monthly or annual subscription basis.
The subscription model is advantageous as it allows businesses to access cutting-edge software without
upfront costs. Additionally, the software can be accessed from anywhere, enabling remote work and
collaboration, which is especially important in today’s dynamic business environment.
 Accessible through a web browser
 Pay-as-you-go or subscription-based pricing
 Can be accessed anytime, anywhere
 Also known as web-based or on-demand software

Example: Google Docs is a SaaS application where users can create and edit documents online without
installation, while Google handles storage and updates.
Advantages
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 Cost-effective: Pay only for the services used.

 Quick deployment: No installation or configuration required.
 High accessibility: Data can be accessed from any device with internet.
 Automatic updates: Updates are handled by the provider.
 Scalable: Resources and features can be adjusted on demand.
Disadvantages
 Limited customization: Less flexibility compared to on-premises software.
 Internet dependency: Requires a stable internet connection.
 Security risks: Potential risk of data breaches.
 Reduced data control: Data is managed by the service provider.
Popular SaaS Providers: Salesforce, Microsoft Office 365, Google Workspace, Dropbox, BigCommerce,
Zoho, Slack.

2. Platform as a Service
Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a cloud computing model that provides developers with a ready-to-use
platform for building, testing, deploying, and managing applications without worrying about underlying
hardware, operating systems, or infrastructure. The service provider manages servers, storage, and runtime
environments, allowing developers to focus only on application logic.
How does Platform as a Service(PaaS) work?
Platform as a Service (PaaS) makes it easier for developers to create, test and deploy applications by
providing a cloud-based environment packed with tools, services and infrastructure. Here's a simple
breakdown of how it works:
1. Core Infrastructure
PaaS is built on cloud infrastructure provided by platforms like AWS, Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud.
The provider handles everything behind the scenes, including servers, storage, and networking.
 Servers: The provider manages hardware, load balancing and scaling for you.
 Storage: Applications and data are stored in secure cloud data centers.
 Networking: The provider ensures secure, fast communication between resources.
2. Built-In Platform Services
On top of the infrastructure PaaS offers all the tools and services you need to develop and run applications:
 Operating Systems: Pre-configured systems like Linux or Windows.
 Runtime Environments: Ready-to-use environments for languages like Java, Python, [Link],
Ruby or .NET.
 Middleware: Services like caching, authentication and messaging for applications.
 Development Tools: Access to code editors, debugging tools, and CI/CD pipelines to streamline
coding and deployment.
3. Simplified Development and Deployment
PaaS takes care of the heavy lifting in the development process:
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 Development: You can write code using built-in frameworks and tools. For example, a developer
might use [Link] and connect it to a pre-configured MySQL database.
 Testing: Applications can be tested in sandbox environments that simulate real-world conditions.
 Deployment: PaaS automates the deployment process with CI/CD pipelines, making it easy to push
updates and changes.

Example: PaaS is like renting a fully equipped venue for an event—basic setup is already done, so you can
concentrate on organizing the event. Similarly, developers focus on coding while the provider handles
backend infrastructure.
Advantages
 Simple and convenient: No infrastructure management required.
 Cost-effective: Pay only for resources used.
 Full lifecycle support: Helps in building, testing, deploying, and updating applications.
 Higher efficiency: Reduces development complexity and time.
Disadvantages
 Limited infrastructure control: Restricted customization options.
 Provider dependency: Availability and reliability depend on the vendor.
 Limited flexibility: Not suitable for all application types.
Popular PaaS Providers: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Google App Engine, Azure App Service, Salesforce
Platform ([Link]), CloudBees, IBM Cloud

3. Infrastructure as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a cloud computing model in which virtualized computing resources such
as servers, storage, and networking are provided over the internet on a rental basis. The cloud provider
manages the physical infrastructure, while users control the operating system, applications, and data.
How does IaaS Architecture Work ?
Here's a step-by-step overview of how IaaS typically operates:
 On-Demand Access: With IaaS, users can get to processing resources on-demand, allowing them to
rapidly arrangement and deploy infrastructure components depending on the situation. This disposes
of the requirement for forthright interest in equipment and empowers quick scaling to meet changing
workload demands.
 Self-Service Provisioning: IaaS platforms offer self-support interfaces, for example, online
interfaces or APIs, that empower users to freely arrangement and manage systems resources. This
self-service model engages users to control their infrastructure deployments without depending on IT
administrators.
 Scalability: IaaS platforms regularly offer level adaptability, allowing users to scale resources up or
down based on demand, this adaptability ensures that associations can deal with changes in
responsibility without encountering margin time or execution corruption.
 Pay-Per-Use Billing: IaaS providers normally utilize a pay-per-use billing model, where users are
charged on their actual use of computing resources, this utilization based estimating model offers
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cost effectiveness, as associations just compensation for the resources they consume, as opposed to
putting resources into excess limit.

Example: IaaS is like renting a server instead of buying one. You use the provider’s hardware and network,
but you decide what software or website runs on it.
Advantages
 Cost-effective: No need to buy physical hardware.
 Flexible hosting: Suitable for websites and applications.
 Reduced maintenance: Provider manages data centers and hardware.
 Scalable: Resources can be increased or decreased as needed.
Disadvantages
 Security responsibility: Users must secure their own data and apps.
 Limited infrastructure control: Physical infrastructure is provider-managed.
 Regional limitations: Availability may vary due to legal or policy issues.
Popular IaaS Providers: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, IBM Cloud,
Rackspace, VMware.

4. Anything as a Service
Anything or Everything as a Service (XaaS) is a broad cloud computing model in which a wide range of IT
services—including infrastructure, platforms, software, storage, security, and networking—are delivered
over the internet on a pay-as-you-use basis. It represents the combination and extension of SaaS, PaaS,
IaaS, and other cloud services.
Example: A company uses AWS for virtual servers (IaaS), Google Workspace for email and documents
(SaaS), and Firebase for backend services (PaaS). Using all these services together is an example of XaaS.
Advantages
 Scalable: Services can be easily scaled as needed.
 Flexible: Offers a wide variety of on-demand services.
 Cost-effective: Users pay only for the services they consume.
Disadvantages
 Provider dependency: Service availability depends on the cloud provider.
 Limited flexibility: Some workloads may not be supported.
 Integration issues: Compatibility with existing systems can be challenging.
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Topic: Cloud Deployment Models

Cloud Computing has now become an essential part of modern businesses, offering flexibility, scalability,
and cost-effective solutions. But Selecting the most appropriate cloud deployment model is essential to
utilize the complete potential of cloud services. Whether you're a small business or a large enterprise,
choosing the right cloud model can affect your security, scalability, and operational efficiency.

What is a Cloud Deployment Model?

A cloud deployment model fundamentally determines where the infrastructure for your deployment exists
and who owns and controls that infrastructure. It also figures out the nature and intention of the cloud.
The initial stop for any business seeking to embrace cloud services is to be familiar with the deployment
models that are available. When these are familiar, an improved choice can be made as to which avenues
the company should pursue. Every model will provide its strengths and weaknesses in governance,
scalability, security, flexibility, cost, and management

Types of Cloud Computing Deployment Models

The cloud deployment model identifies the specific type of cloud environment based on ownership, scale,
and access, as well as the cloud's nature and purpose. The location of the servers you're utilizing and who
controls them are defined by a cloud deployment model. It specifies how your cloud infrastructure will
look, what you can change, and whether you will be given services or will have to create everything
yourself. Relationships between the infrastructure and your users are also defined by cloud deployment
types. Different types of cloud computing deployment models are described below.
 Public Cloud
 Private Cloud
 Hybrid Cloud
 Community Cloud
 Multi-Cloud

i. Public Cloud
The public cloud makes it possible for anybody to access systems and services. The public cloud may be
less secure as it is open to everyone. The public cloud is one in which cloud infrastructure services are
provided over the internet to the general people or major industry groups. The infrastructure in this cloud
model is owned by the entity that delivers the cloud services, not by the consumer. It is a type of cloud
hosting that allows customers and users to easily access systems and services. This form of cloud
computing is an excellent example of cloud hosting, in which service providers supply services to a variety
of customers. In this arrangement, storage backup and retrieval services are given for free, as a
subscription, or on a per-user basis. For example, Google App Engine etc.

Advantages of the Public Cloud Model

 Minimal Investment: Because it is a pay-per-use service, there is no substantial upfront fee, making
it excellent for enterprises that require immediate access to resources.
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 No setup cost: The entire infrastructure is fully subsidized by the cloud service providers, thus there
is no need to set up any hardware.
 Infrastructure Management is not required: Using the public cloud does not necessitate
infrastructure management.
 No maintenance: The maintenance work is done by the service provider (not users).
 Dynamic Scalability: To fulfill your company's needs, on-demand resources are accessible.
Disadvantages of the Public Cloud Model
 Less secure: Public cloud is less secure as resources are public so there is no guarantee of high-level
security.
 Low customization: It is accessed by many public so it can't be customized according to personal
requirements.

ii. Private Cloud

The private cloud deployment model is the exact opposite of the public cloud deployment model. It's a one-
on-one environment for a single user (customer). There is no need to share your hardware with anyone
else. The distinction between private and public clouds is in how you handle all of the hardware. It is also
called the "internal cloud" & it refers to the ability to access systems and services within a given border or
organization. The cloud platform is implemented in a cloud-based secure environment that is protected by
powerful firewalls and under the supervision of an organization's IT department. The private cloud gives
greater flexibility of control over cloud resources.

Advantages of the Private Cloud Model

 Better Control: You are the sole owner of the property. You gain complete command over service
integration, IT operations, policies, and user behavior.
 Data Security and Privacy: It's suitable for storing corporate information to which only authorized
staff have access. By segmenting resources within the same infrastructure, improved access and
security can be achieved.
 Supports Legacy Systems: This approach is designed to work with legacy systems that are unable
to access the public cloud.
 Customization: Unlike a public cloud deployment, a private cloud allows a company to tailor its
solution to meet its specific needs.
Disadvantages of the Private Cloud Model
 Less scalable: Private clouds are scaled within a certain range as there is less number of clients.
 Costly: Private clouds are more costly as they provide personalized facilities.
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iii. Hybrid Cloud

By bridging the public and private worlds with a layer of proprietary software, hybrid cloud computing
gives the best of both worlds. With a hybrid solution, you may host the app in a safe environment while
taking advantage of the public cloud's cost savings. Organizations can move data and applications between
different clouds using a combination of two or more cloud deployment methods, depending on their needs.

Advantages of the Hybrid Cloud Model

 Flexibility and control: Businesses with more flexibility can design personalized solutions that meet
their particular needs.
 Cost: Because public clouds provide scalability, you'll only be responsible for paying for the extra
capacity if you require it.
 Security: Because data is properly separated, the chances of data theft by attackers are considerably
reduced.
Disadvantages of the Hybrid Cloud Model
 Difficult to manage: Hybrid clouds are difficult to manage as it is a combination of both public and
private cloud. So, it is complex.
 Slow data transmission: Data transmission in the hybrid cloud takes place through the public cloud
so latency occurs.

iv. Community Cloud

It allows systems and services to be accessible by a group of organizations. It is a distributed system that is
created by integrating the services of different clouds to address the specific needs of a community,
industry, or business. The infrastructure of the community could be shared between the organization which
has shared concerns or tasks. It is generally managed by a third party or by the combination of one or more
organizations in the community.

Advantages of the Community Cloud Model

 Cost Effective: It is cost-effective because the cloud is shared by multiple organizations or
communities.
 Security: Community cloud provides better security.
 Shared resources: It allows you to share resources, infrastructure, etc. with multiple organizations.
 Collaboration and data sharing: It is suitable for both collaboration and data sharing.
Disadvantages of the Community Cloud Model
 Limited Scalability: Community cloud is relatively less scalable as many organizations share the
same resources according to their collaborative interests.
 Rigid in customization: As the data and resources are shared among different organizations
according to their mutual interests if an organization wants some changes according to their needs
they cannot do so because it will have an impact on other organizations.
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v. Multi-Cloud
We're talking about employing multiple cloud providers at the same time under this paradigm, as the name
implies. It's similar to the hybrid cloud deployment approach, which combines public and private cloud
resources. Instead of merging private and public clouds, multi-cloud uses many public clouds. Although
public cloud providers provide numerous tools to improve the reliability of their services, mishaps still
occur. It's quite rare that two distinct clouds would have an incident at the same moment. As a result, multi-
cloud deployment improves the high availability of your services even more.
Multi-Cloud
Advantages of the Multi-Cloud Model
 You can mix and match the best features of each cloud provider's services to suit the demands of
your apps, workloads, and business by choosing different cloud providers.
 Reduced Latency: To reduce latency and improve user experience, you can choose cloud regions
and zones that are close to your clients.
 High availability of service: It's quite rare that two distinct clouds would have an incident at the
same moment. So, the multi-cloud deployment improves the high availability of your services.
Disadvantages of the Multi-Cloud Model
 Complex: The combination of many clouds makes the system complex and bottlenecks may occur.
 Security issue: Due to the complex structure, there may be loopholes to which a hacker can take
advantage hence, makes the data insecure.

What is the Right Choice for Cloud Deployment Model?

As of now, no such approach fits picking a cloud deployment model. We will always consider the best
cloud deployment model as per our requirements. Here are some factors which should be considered before
choosing the best deployment model.
 Cost: Cost is an important factor for the cloud deployment model as it tells how much amount you
want to pay for these things.
 Scalability: Scalability tells about the current activity status and how much we can scale it.
 Easy to use: It tells how much your resources are trained and how easily can you manage these
models.
 Compliance: Compliance tells about the laws and regulations which impact the implementation of
the model.
 Privacy: Privacy tells about what data you gather for the model.
Each model has some advantages and some disadvantages, and the selection of the best is only done on the
basis of your requirement. If your requirement changes, you can switch to any other model.
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Cloud Deployment Models Comparison

The overall Analysis of these models with respect to different factors is described below.

Community
Factors Public Cloud Private Cloud Cloud Hybrid Cloud

Complex, requires Complex, requires Complex, requires

Initial Setup Easy a professional a professional a professional
team to setup team to setup team to setup

Scalability
High High Fixed High
and Flexibility

Cost- Distributed cost Between public

Cost-Effective Costly
Comparison among members and private cloud

Reliability Low Low High High

Data Security Low High High High

Data Privacy Low High High High

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Topic: Google Cloud Platform Tutorial

Google Cloud Platform (GCP) is a set of cloud services provided by Google, built on the same
technology that powers Google services like Search, Gmail, YouTube, Google Docs, and Google Drive.
Many companies prefer GCP because it can be up to 20% cheaper for storing data and databases compared
to other cloud providers like AWS.
Google Cloud Platform (GCP) is a suite of cloud computing services offered by Google that runs on the
same global infrastructure used by Google products like Search, Gmail, and YouTube. It provides services
for computing, storage, networking, databases, machine learning, big data, and security, enabling
organizations to build, deploy, and scale applications efficiently.

Key Features of GCP

 Scalability – Automatically scale resources based on demand
 High Availability – Global infrastructure with multiple regions and zones
 Pay-as-you-go Pricing – Pay only for the resources you use
 Security – Built-in security with encryption, IAM, and compliance standards
 Performance – Fast networking and high-performance computing

GCP Global Infrastructure

GCP operates on a global network consisting of:
 Regions – Geographical locations (e.g., Mumbai, Tokyo, London)
 Zones – Isolated locations within a region
 Data Centers – Physical facilities hosting Google’s infrastructure
This design ensures fault tolerance, low latency, and high availability.

How to Interact with Google Cloud Services

Google Cloud Platform (GCP) offers three primary methods for interacting with its services and resources:
1. Google Cloud Console
The Google Cloud Console is a web-based, graphical interface that allows you to manage and configure
your GCP projects and resources. You can either create a new project or select an existing one to use
resources within the project. The console provides an easy-to-navigate dashboard to monitor and control
various Google Cloud services.
2. Command-Line Interface (CLI)
For those who prefer command-line operations, Google Cloud provides the Cloud SDK, which includes the
gcloud CLI. This tool allows you to manage GCP resources directly from a terminal window. For example,
to create a Compute Engine virtual machine (VM), you can use the `gcloud compute instances create`
command. You can use the gcloud CLI in two ways:
 Install it locally on your computer.
 Use Cloud Shell, a browser-based terminal environment accessible directly from the Google Cloud
Console, eliminating the need for local installation. Cloud Shell provides features such as a built-in
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code editor, 5 GB of persistent storage, and pre-installed tools, including the gcloud CLI. It supports
multiple programming languages like Java, Python, Go, [Link], and more.

3. Client Libraries
Google Cloud also offers client libraries that simplify resource management and application development.
These libraries expose APIs tailored to specific languages such as Python and [Link], allowing you to
interact with GCP services more intuitively. Client libraries are available for:
 App APIs for accessing services with less code and seamless integration with GCP.
 Admin APIs for managing resources, ideal for building automation tools.
Additionally, these libraries can be used for services like Google Maps, Drive, and YouTube.

Core Components of Google Cloud Platform

Compute Services
Compute services provide virtual machines and application execution environments.
 Compute Engine – Virtual machines (IaaS)
 App Engine – Platform as a Service (PaaS) for web applications
 Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) – Managed Kubernetes for containerized apps
 Cloud Functions – Serverless event-driven functions

Storage Services
Used to store structured and unstructured data.
 Cloud Storage – Object storage for files, images, videos, backups
 Persistent Disk – Block storage for VM instances
 Filestore – Managed file storage for applications

Database Services
Managed databases for different use cases.
 Cloud SQL – Managed MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server
 Cloud Spanner – Globally distributed relational database
 Firestore – NoSQL document database
 Bigtable – Wide-column NoSQL database for large-scale workloads

Networking Services
Provides secure and fast networking.
 Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) – Private network for GCP resources
 Cloud Load Balancing – Distributes traffic across instances
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 Cloud CDN – Content Delivery Network for faster content delivery

 Cloud DNS – Scalable domain name system

AI & Machine Learning

AI tools powered by Google research.
 Vertex AI – End-to-end ML platform
 Vision API – Image recognition
 Speech-to-Text API – Audio transcription
 Natural Language API – Text analysis

Security in GCP
GCP follows a shared responsibility model and provides:
 IAM (Identity and Access Management) – Role-based access control
 Encryption – Data encrypted at rest and in transit
 Cloud Security Command Center – Threat detection and monitoring
 Compliance – ISO, SOC, GDPR, HIPAA support

Pricing Model
GCP uses a pay-as-you-use pricing strategy:
 No upfront cost
 Sustained use discounts
 Committed use discounts
 Free tier for selected services

Advantages of Google Cloud Platform

 Strong data analytics and AI capabilities
 High performance and reliability
 Seamless integration with open-source tools
 Environment-friendly (carbon-neutral operations)

Limitations of GCP
 Smaller market share compared to AWS
 Limited learning resources compared to competitors
 Complex pricing for beginners
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Topic: Google App Engine (GAE)

A scalable runtime environment, Google App Engine is mostly used to run Web applications. These
dynamic scales as demand change over time because of Google's vast computing infrastructure. Because it
offers a secure execution environment in addition to a number of services, App Engine makes it easier to
develop scalable and high-performance Web apps. Google's applications will scale up and down in
response to shifting demand. Croon tasks, communications, scalable data stores, work queues, and in-
memory caching are some of these services.
The App Engine SDK facilitates the testing and professionalization of applications by emulating the
production runtime environment and allowing developers to design and test applications on their own PCs.
When an application is finished being produced, developers can quickly migrate it to App Engine, put in
place quotas to control the cost that is generated, and make the programmer available to everyone. Python,
Java, and Go are among the languages that are currently supported.
The development and hosting platform Google App Engine, which powers anything from web
programming for huge enterprises to mobile apps, uses the same infrastructure as Google's large-scale
internet services. It is a fully managed PaaS (platform as a service) cloud computing platform that uses in-
built services to run your apps. You can start creating almost immediately after receiving the software
development kit (SDK). You may immediately access the Google app developer's manual once you've
chosen the language you wish to use to build your app.

After creating a Cloud account, you may Start Building your App
 Using the Go template/HTML package
 Python-based webapp2 with Jinja2
 PHP and Cloud SQL
 using Java's Maven

Features of App Engine

 Runtimes and Languages
To create an application for an app engine, you can use Go, Java, PHP, or Python. You can develop
and test an app locally using the SDK's deployment toolkit. Each language's SDK and nun time are
unique. Your program is run in a:
 Java Run Time Environment version 7
 Python Run Time environment version 2.7
 PHP runtime's PHP 5.4 environment
 Go runtime 1.2 environment

 Generally Usable Features

These are protected by the service-level agreement and depreciation policy of the app engine. The
implementation of such a feature is often stable, and any changes made to it are backward-
compatible. These include communications, process management, computing, data storage, retrieval,
and search, as well as app configuration and management. Features like the HRD migration tool,
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Google Cloud SQL, logs, datastore, dedicated Memcached, blob store, Memcached, and search are
included in the categories of data storage, retrieval, and search.

 Features in Preview
In a later iteration of the app engine, these functions will undoubtedly be made broadly accessible.
However, because they are in the preview, their implementation may change in ways that are
backward-incompatible. Sockets, MapReduce, and the Google Cloud Storage Client Library are a
few of them.

 Experimental Features
These might or might not be made broadly accessible in the next app engine updates. They might be
changed in ways that are irreconcilable with the past. The "trusted tester" features, however, are only
accessible to a limited user base and require registration in order to utilize them. The experimental
features include Prospective Search, Page Speed, OpenID, Restore/Backup/Datastore Admin, Task
Queue Tagging, MapReduce, and Task Queue REST API. App metrics analytics, datastore
admin/backup/restore, task queue tagging, MapReduce, task queue REST API, OAuth, prospective
search, OpenID, and Page Speed are some of the experimental features.

 Third-Party Services
As Google provides documentation and helper libraries to expand the capabilities of the app engine
platform, your app can perform tasks that are not built into the core product you are familiar with as
app engine. To do this, Google collaborates with other organizations. Along with the helper libraries,
the partners frequently provide exclusive deals to app engine users.
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Topic: Amazon Web Services (AWS)

AWS is Amazon’s leading cloud platform, offering 200+ managed services on secure, globally distributed,
highly available infrastructure, and it’s trusted worldwide to build, run, and scale everything from simple
websites to enterprise systems
 Widely used by top companies and startups globally.
 Powers major services like Netflix, LinkedIn, NASA.
 Offers hands-on cloud experience with real infrastructure.
 Scalable, secure, and cost-effective platform to build apps.

Accessing AWS
 Once your account is ready, you need to interact with AWS services to build and manage your
applications.

Securing Your Account with IAM

 Firstly you need to secure your AWS Account using IAM [Link] your AWS account with
IAM by creating users and roles, assigning least-privilege policies, and controlling access to
resources.

Computing in AWS
After IAM, learn AWS compute: run your apps, sites, or scripts on AWS cloud servers instead of
local machines. This section introduces AWS computing services and guides you on how to use
them to deploy and manage your applications efficiently.
Section 1: AWS EC2 - Virtual Servers
 EC2 is AWS’s first compute service, offering customizable virtual servers where you
choose CPU, memory, and storage to run your applications. Learn what EC2 is, how to
create and manage instances, understand pricing models, and how to securely connect to
your servers using the below references.
Section 2: AWS Elastic Bean Stalk - Simplified App Deployment
 Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy and manage apps it automates provisioning, scaling,
storage setup, health-based replacements, and security tasks.
Section 3- AWS AMI
 To speed up server creation, Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) are preconfigured templates
(OS + software) that let you quickly launch consistent, repeatable servers.
Section 4 - AWS Lambda (Serverless)
 Managing servers can be complex and time-consuming. AWS Lambda lets you run event-
driven code without managing servers build functions, trigger them from services (e.g., S3,
DynamoDB), and scale cost-effectively.
Section 5 - Other Elastic Computes (ECS, EKS, ECR)
 Modern applications increasingly use containers- lightweight, portable packages for
running software. Use containers on AWS with ECS (orchestration), EKS (managed
Kubernetes), and ECR (image registry) to build/deploy/scale apps—and know storage: EBS
(block) vs EFS (shared).
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Module – II / Part 2 By Bikram Roy

Topic: Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

EC2 stands for Elastic Compute Cloud is a service from Amazon Web Services (AWS). EC2 is an on-
demand computing service on the AWS cloud platform called instances. It lets you rent virtual computers
to run your applications. You pay only for what you use.
The name itself explains its core value:
 Elastic: You can easily increase or decrease the number of instances or their size as your needs
change.
 Compute: It provides the processing power, memory, and storage for your workloads.
 Cloud: It runs on AWS's massive, global data center infrastructure.

The Core Components of an EC2 Instance

Before launching an instance, you need to understand its five fundamental building blocks.

1. Amazon Machine Image (AMI)

 Provides thousands of AMIs from AWS, the community, and AWS Marketplace
 Allows users to create custom AMIs for reuse and consistency
 Acts as a software blueprint containing the operating system, patches, and required software

2. Instance Types
Instance types are the hardware profiles of your virtual server. AWS offers a vast array of instance types
optimized for different tasks, grouped into families:
 t family (e.g., [Link], [Link]): General Purpose, burstable instances. Perfect for web servers,
development environments, and small databases.
 m family (e.g., [Link]): General Purpose, balanced instances with a good mix of CPU, memory,
and networking.
 c family (e.g., [Link]): Compute Optimized, with a high ratio of CPU power to memory. Ideal for
CPU-intensive tasks like batch processing, media transcoding, and scientific modeling.
 r family (e.g., [Link]): Memory Optimized, with a high ratio of memory to CPU. Used for
memory-intensive applications like large databases or in-memory caches.

3. Elastic Block Store (EBS) Volumes

 Provides durable, block-level storage attached to EC2 instances
 Acts as a virtual hard drive for storing data
 Persists data independently and can be detached and reattached to different instances
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Module – II / Part 2 By Bikram Roy

4. Security Groups
A Security Group acts as a virtual firewall for your EC2 instance, controlling all inbound and outbound
traffic. You define rules that specify which protocols (e.g., SSH, HTTP), ports (e.g., 22, 80), and IP address
ranges are allowed to send traffic to or receive traffic from your instance.

5. Key Pairs
A Key Pair, consisting of a public key and a private key, is the set of security credentials used to prove
your identity when connecting to a Linux EC2 instance. AWS stores the public key, and you are responsible
for securely storing the private key file (.pem). You will use this private key to SSH into your instance.