science chapter 9
Date : 04/08/2026
exercise Chapter : 9
Time : 3 hours Std 10 : Science Total Marks : 29
Science Ch 9 Ex
Section A
Answer the questions 1 to 6 as directed. Each question carries 1 Mark. [6]
Choose the correct option.
1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?
(A) Water (B) Glass (C) Plastic (D) Clay
2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object?
(A) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature
(B) At the centre of curvature
(C) Beyond the centre of curvature
(D) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus
3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?
(A) At the principal focus of the lens
(B) At twice the focal length
(C) At infinity
(D) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus.
4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of –15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be
(A) both concave. (B) both convex.
(C) The mirror is concave and the lens is convex. (D) The mirror is convex, but the lens is concave.
5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be
(A) only plane. (B) only concave.
(C) only convex. (D) either plane or convex
6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary?
(A) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm. (B) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm.
(C) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. (D) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm.
Section B
Answer the questions 7 to 16 as directed. Each question carries 2 Marks. [20]
7. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.
(a) Headlights of a car. (b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle.
(c) Solar furnace. (d) Support your answer with reason.
8. One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer
experimentally. Explain your observations.
9. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and
the nature of the image formed.
10. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.
11. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.
12. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?
13. An object 5.0 cm in length is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position of the
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image, its nature and size.
14. An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen
be placed, so that a sharp focussed image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image.
15. Find the focal length of a lens of power – 2.0 D. What type of lens is this?
16. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?
Section C
Answer the questions 17 as directed. Each question carries 3 Marks. [3]
17. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object
from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image
formation in this case.
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science chapter 9
Date : 04/08/2026
exercise Chapter : 9
Time : 3 hours Std 10 : Science Total Marks : 29
Answer Key
Section A
Answer the questions 1 to 6 as directed. Each question carries 1 Mark. [6]
Choose the correct option.
Section A
Answer the questions 1 to 6 as directed. Each question carries 1 Mark. [6]
1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?
(A) Water (B) Glass (C) Plastic (D) Clay
Ans. (D)
Clay
2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object?
(A) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature
(B) At the centre of curvature
(C) Beyond the centre of curvature
(D) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus
Ans. (D)
Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus
3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?
(A) At the principal focus of the lens
(B) At twice the focal length
(C) At infinity
(D) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus.
Ans. (B)
At twice the focal length
4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of –15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be
(A) both concave. (B) both convex.
(C) The mirror is concave and the lens is convex. (D) The mirror is convex, but the lens is concave.
Ans. (A)
both concave.
5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be
(A) only plane. (B) only concave.
(C) only convex. (D) either plane or convex
Ans. (D)
either plane or convex
6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary?
(A) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm. (B) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm.
(C) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. (D) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm.
Ans. (C)
A convex lens of focal length 5 cm.
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Section B
Answer the questions 7 to 16 as directed. Each question carries 2 Marks. [20]
7. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.
(a) Headlights of a car. (b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle.
(c) Solar furnace. (d) Support your answer with reason.
Solar furnace : Concave mirror
Reason : The object to be heated is placed at the focus of concave mirror. The parallel rays coming from the sun fall on the mirror and get
reflected at focal point, due to which the sufficient amount of energy is received to heat the object.
Rear view mirror in vehicles : Convex mirror
Reason : We get larger field view.
Head Lights of a vehicle : Concave mirror
Reason : Concave mirror is used in headlights of vehicles, because when the bulb of headlight is placed at focus of concave mirror, it allows the
light to spread out to longer distance. A convex mirror always diverges the rays of light falling onto it. Therefore, it is not used as headlights in
cars.
8. One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer
experimentally. Explain your observations.
Experiment :
Take a candle and place it in front of a convex lens. Adjust the candle so as to get a clear image on the screen.
Now cover the lower half of the lens with black cloth or paper without disturbing the positions of the candle, lens and the screen.
Observation :
You will observe the full image of the candle even though the lens is half covered but the intensity of the image is reduced.
It is because when the lens is not covered the complete rays coming from an object are refracted and full image is seen clearly whereas,
here intensity is reduced because all the rays from the object are not falling on the lens and all the rays do not undergo refraction.
9. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and
the nature of the image formed.
Object distance, u = –25 cm
Object height, ho = 5 cm
Focal length, f = +10 cm
According to the lens formula,
v= = 16.66 cm
The positive value of v shows that the image is formed on the other side of the lens.
Magnification, m =
= –0.66
The negative sign shows that the image is real and formed behind the lens.
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Magnification, m = =
H1 = m × H0 = –0.66 × 5 = –3.3 cm
Thus the image is formed at a distance of 16.67 cm behind the lens or other side of the lens.
The image is real and inverted but smaller than object (3.33 cm)
The negative sign indicates the image falls below the principal axis.
10. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.
Focal length, f = –15 cm (sign convention)
Image distance, v = –10 cm
Object distance, u = ?
u = –30
The object is placed 30 cm away from the lens.
11. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.
Object Distance u = –10
Focal Length f = +15
Therefore by using mirror formula:
= +
v = 6 cm
Image is virtual, erect and diminished.
12. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?
The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1 which means that the size of the image is equal to the size of the object. If m has a
magnitude greater than 1 the image is larger than the object, and m with a magnitude less than 1 means the image is smaller than the object.
13. An object 5.0 cm in length is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position of the
image, its nature and size.
Radius of curvature : 30 cm
Focal length f = = 15 cm
Object distance u = (–20)
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v= or V = +8.57 cm
Now by using mirror formula we get,
Magnification :
m = Magnification m = = = 0.4 cm
h’ = m × h = 0.4 × 5 = 2 cm
Positive sign shows it is virtual and erect. 2 cm is the height of the image
Properties of Image :
Position : 8.57 cm behind the mirror
Size : Diminished
Nature : Virtual and Erect
14. An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen
be placed, so that a sharp focussed image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image.
Here, h = 7 cm, u = –27 cm, f = –18 cm, v = ?, h’ = ?
Using the mirror formula , we have
v = –54 cm
Magnification m =
m= = –2 × 7 = (–14 cm)
Negative sign shows it is real and inverted. 14 cm is the height of the image which is twice the object.
Properties of Image :
Position : 54 cm from the pole, same side of object
Size : Enlarged
Nature : Real and Inverted
15. Find the focal length of a lens of power – 2.0 D. What type of lens is this?
f= = –50 cm
Negative sign shows that lens is concave.
Thus focal length of the lens is 50 cm and it is concave.
16. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?
f= = 66.67 cm
As the power of lens is positive, the lens is a converging lens (Convex lens)
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Section C
Answer the questions 17 as directed. Each question carries 3 Marks. [3]
17. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object
from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image
formation in this case.
An erect image is formed by a concave mirror, only if the object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of the mirror.
Nature : The image is virtual and erect
Size of Image : The image is larger than the object.
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