COMPARISON
1. INTRODUCING DIFFERENCES
Danh từ
- There is a significant/substantial/striking difference between A and B.
- There is a wide/notable disparity in + N.
- There is a difference of X between A and B.
Động từ
- A differs from B by X.
- A and B differ significantly/substantially.
Mô tả sự phân bố
- The chart/table reveals a disproportionate distribution of...
2. COMPARATIVE STRUCTURES
So sánh hơn
- A is higher/lower/larger/smaller than B.
- A is high/low compared to/in comparison with B
- X% more/fewer/less... than...
- Far/much/slightly/considerably more (or fewer)... than…
Chênh lệch
- A is higher/lower than B by X.
- A is higher/lower by a narrow/wide margin of X.
So sánh bằng
- A is (almost/roughly) as + adj + as B.
So sánh gấp nhiều lần
- A is twice/three times/four times as + adj + as B.
- A is double/triple/quadruple/quintuple B.
- Twice/Four times as many people...
- Twice the amount/number of...
Vượt qua
- A surpassed/overtook/outnumbered/outperformed B, (with a dominant/prominent
share of X)
3. EQUAL FIGURES
Số liệu tương đương
- The equivalent figure for A was...
- A is equivalent to B.
- A and B were comparable/identical, at X each.
Số lượng tương tự
- A similar amount/number/proportion of... was...
- A was the same as/was similar to B.
- A and B equal each other
- A and B are similarly low/high, at …
- The figures converged at X
4. SUPERLATIVE STRUCTURES
- A ranks/stands/comes first/second/third/last.
- A have/is the largest/smallest/highest/lowest/most/least + N.
- A registered the highest/lowest figure, at X.
= The highest/lowest figure was recorded/represented by A, at X.
5. TRANSITIONS
- Tương đồng: Similarly / In a similar trend, … = A similar trend was seen in...
- Đối lập:
In contrast = In comparison = Conversely = On the other hand = However
compared with/to = in comparison with/to
in contrast with/to = contrasting with = as against = as opposed to
- Xu hướng ngược
A different pattern emerged for...
A reversal of the trend was observed.
Except for A/with the exception of A with a reverse pattern
- So sánh: While = Whereas / Although / But…
- To turn to = Turning to = As regards = Regarding = As for = When it comes to
- … for the former and … for the latter
= with … vs. …
= with … compared to …
= with … and … respectively.
- While …% of S1 + V1, only …% of S2 + did so
- Over …% of S1 + V1, compared with only …% of S2
- Turning to …, for S1 it was …%, while for B the figure was …%
6. REPORTING PROPORTIONS
- 10% = a tenth = one in ten
- 20% a fifth = one in five
- 23% = nearly one quarter = slightly over 20% = slightly over a fifth = almost one in four
- 25% = a quarter
- 33% = a third = slightly under one in three
- 50% = half
- 70% = seven out of ten (countable nouns)
- 75% = three quarters
- 80% = four-fifths
- S + make up / account for / represent / constitute / comprise …% of …
- all → the vast/overwhelming majority → the majority → many/a considerable number
→ a minority/a few → a small/tiny minority → very few/almost none
(52% = a slim majority)
- Minority: A mere/modest …% of …
The minority of... = A small stake = Hold a rather minuscule share = Make up an
insignificant part
- Majority: Amassive/hefty/substantial/impressive …% of …
The majority of = the lion’s share of = most of = the largest part of