 NAME: MUHAMMAD

ABDULLAH

 ROLL NO: 0000

 ASSIGNMENT NO: 05

 ASSIGNMENT TOPIC:

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER

 SUBJECT: INTRO. TO IT &

CT

 SUBMITTED TO: MAM SANA

TARIQ

 SUBMISSION DATE: 23 OCT. 2023

 PROGRAM: B.S C.S

  SEMESTER: 1st (morning)

EMERSON

UNIVERSITY MULTAN

CLASSIFICATION OF

COPMUTER

Computers are classified on the basis of size, shape, speed,

processing, power and price. However, the classification of
computer is not very straight-forward. The distinction between
the categories is sometimes not very clear. Some characteristics
overlap different categories. Computer can be classified into the
following types:
 Personal Computer
 Handheld Computer
 Minicomputer
 Mainframe Computer
 Super Computer
 Embedded Computer

1) Personal Computers / Micro Computers

Personal computer is a type of computer
that performs input, output, processing and storage activities
by itself. It consists of input device, output device, storage
device, memory and processor. 1! Generally consists of single
processor. However, some personal computers may have
multiple processors. Most commonly used personal computers
are PC and Apple Macintosh. The price of personal computer is
from $500 to $5000.
Personal computers have different
processors and operating systems. PC and its compatible
computers use Windows operating systems. Apple Macintosh
and its compatible computers use Macintosh operating system
also called Mac 05.
PC and its compatible computers follow
the specifications of the original IBM personal computer. Some
PC compatible computers include Compaq, Dell and Toshiba.
Fallowing are different types of personal.
 Desktop Computers
Desktop computers are the most common type of
personal computer. It is designed in a way that all its
components fit on a desk or table. In one model, the system
unit is placed horizontally on the desktop or table and monitor
is placed on the system unit. In another model, called tower
model, both monitor and system unit are placed on the
computers.
Different desktop computers are as follows:
All-in-One Computer. It is a less expensive computer. In this
computer monitor and system unit is combined into single
device.
Workstation Computer: It is more expensive and powerful
computer. It is used for calculations and graphics work. It is
mostly used by engineers, graphics artists and architects.
Stand-alone Computer: It is a computer that performs input,
output, storage and processing activities by itself without being
connected to other computers. However, many stand-alone
computers also have networking capabilities.
 Server Computer It is a Computer that manages the
resources of a network. It controls access to the software,
hardware of the network. It also provides centralized read to
store data, information and software.
 Notebook Computers
Notebook computer is also called
laptop computer. Laptop computer is very small in size and can
be placed easily on lap. Only one user can use them at a time.
It uses less power. It can be used using less power. It can be
used using batteries
Notebook computers can be bought
anywhere easily because of- lightweight. [[5 weight is generally
around ZKC. These computers are frequently used in business.
Laptop computers are more expensive than desktop
computers. In notebook computer, keyboard is placed on the
top of system unit. The cost of these computers is from $1000
to 52500.
 Tablet PC
Tablet PC is a special type of notebook instructions
with digital pen. It can also use keyboard for input. It also
supports voice input.
Tablet PC is used to take notes in lectures,
meetings, conferences etc. Another type of Tablet PC is called
modular computer. It is small enough to fit in the hand.

2) Handheld Computers
Handheld computer is also known as
palmtop computer. It easily fits in the hand of the user. It
contains small screen and small keyboard. Some handheld
computer have no keyboard at all, handheld computers usually
have no disk drive. The programs and data are stored on chips
in the system unit.
Handheld computer can be connected to a
large network to exchange data. Some use stylus as input
device to enter text and draw lines etc. Some handheld
computers also recognize voice input. The user can enter text
and instruction by speaking. Some examples of handheld
computers are as follows:
Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) — PDA is used to organize
personal information. It provides the facilities of calendar,
appointment book, address book, calculator and notepad. Some
PDAS provide word processing and spreadsheet functions.

Web-Enabled Cellular Telephone — it is also called smart

phone. It is used to send and receive messages on the Internet.
It can also browse websites that are specially designed to be
used on the cellular phones.

Web-Enabled Pager — it is also known as smart pager. It is a

two way radio. It is used to send and receive messages on the
internet.

3) Mini Computers
Minicomputer is larger and more powerful
computer than personal computer. It can execute five million
instructions per second. It generally consists of two or more
processors. It is more reliable than desktop computer but not
as solid as mainframe. Mini computers were introduced in
19605. Mini computers are also called mid-range servers.

Minicomputer can serve up to 4000

connected users simultaneously It is normally accessed by
users via personal computer or terminal. A device with a
monitor and keyboard is called terminal It Is also known as
dumb terminal. It has no processing power and cannot work as
stand-alone computer. It has to be connected to a sewer.

Examples

Examples of midrange servers are:

 Prime 9755
  VAX 8650 IBM System 360
 AS 400.
 Uses of Mini Computers
Mini computers are often used by small and
medium-sized companies or departments to provide centralized
store of information and computer programs.

4) Mainframe Computer
A mainframe computer is a large
computer in terms of price, power and speed. 'It is more
powerful than minicomputer. It consists of multiple processor 1!
IS specially designed to perform multiple intensive lash for
multiple users simultaneously It 15 designed for high reliability.
It can serviced and upgraded while it is running It IS also known
as enterprise server.

Mainframe computers can serve up to

50000 users simultaneously. These computers can store large
amounts of data, information and instructions. The users access
a mainframe computer through terminal or personal computer.

A typical mainframe computer can

execute 16 million instructions per second. Qualified operators
and programmers are required to use these computers.
Mainframe computers can accept all types of high- -level
languages. Different types of peripheral devices ' can be
attached with mainframe computer.

Examples:
Examples of mainframe computers are

 NEC610
 IBM4381
 DEC610etc
 Uses of Mainframe Computers
 Mainframe computers are used in large
organizations such as banks, educational, institutions, financial
institution and atomic research centers. For example, airlines
use these Computers to maintain flight schedules, ticket
reservation system. Govt. agencies such as NADRA use
mainframe computers to maintain the information of
population. Many shopping chains interconnect |heir stores with
mainframe computer to track transactions immediately and
maintain stock.

5) Super Computers
Super computer is a state ‘of-the-art
machine. It is the biggest in size and the most expensive in
price than any other computers. It is the most sophisticated,
complex and advanced computer. It has a very large storage
'capacity. It can process trillions of instructions in one second.
The modem super computer consists of thousands of
microprocessors. Super computer use high-speed facilities like
satellite for online processing.

Examples

Examples of super computers are as follows: -

 CRAY-XP
 ETA—10
 Deep Blue I
 ASCI White
 Uses bf Super Computers
Super computer is mostly used for
weather predictions, weapon design, preparing models of
chemical and biological system, mapping the surface of planets
and studying the neural network of the brain.
 Super computer is also used in business
and industry field. For example, aircraft manufacturers use it to
simulate aircraft and check it performance

Governments use super computer for

different calculations and heavy jobs. Many Hollywood movies
use it for animation purposes.

6) Embedded Computers
An embedded computer is designed for
a special purpose. It works as a component in a larger product.
These computers are very small and have limited hardware.
They perform various functions according to the requirements
of the product in which they are embedded.

Embedded computers are used in commonly used product such

as:

Electronics: PDA’s, mobile, video recorders and DVD players

etc.

Home Devices: Security monitoring systems & programmable

microwave ovens etc.

Automobiles: Car engine controller, airbag controller etc.

Processed Controller and Robotics: Machine controllers,
blood pressure monitors etc.