KWAME NKRUMAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, KUMASI
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BSc. AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
CIRCULAR BENDING
ME 291 – MECHANICAL ENGINEEERING LABORATORY
GROUP 1
NAME INDEX NUMBER SIGNATURE
ABANKWA, Emmanuel Pobi Papa Yaw 3159220
ACHEAMPONG, Randy 3159420
ADRAH, Seth Agbeko 3159720
ADZI, Godsway 3159820
AGBEKOR, Selikem Paapa Kofi 3160020
AMAN, Dickson Tawiah 3160220
AMARQUAYE, Ephraim Christian Nii Amarkai 3160320
AMPIAH OTOO, Grace Wendy 3160520
ARKU, Ivan Selorm 3160820
KANYO, Godwin 3163420
KARIKARI, Kevin 3163520
KOTEI, Francis Nii Quaye 8341919
TECHNICIAN: MR. GEORGE ANSONG
LECTURER: DR. F. W. ADAMS
30TH MARCH, 2022
OBEJECTIVE
Induce moment and circular bending in beams.
MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT USED FOR EXPERIMENT
1. Vernier caliper 5. Knife edge hanger
2. Digital dial test indicator 6. Aluminum, brass and steel test
3. A frame beams
4. Mass
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Using, a vernier, measure the width and depth of the aluminium, brass and steel test beams.
For each material, record the values next to the results next to the results tables and use them
to calculate the second moment of area, I.
Remove any clamps from the backboard and set up the beam as shown in figure 7. Slide the
digital dial test indicator into position on the beam and lock it using the thumbnut at the rear.
Slide a knife-edge hanger on to each of the beam as shown.
Tap the frame lightly and zero the digital dial test indicator using the ‘origin’ button. Tapping
the frame lightly each time, apply masses to the knife-edge hangers in increments as shown in
the Table. Record the digital dial test indicator reading for each increment of mass.
Repeat the procedure for the other two specimen materials filling in a new table.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this experiment we will be using the following formula:
M E
=
I R
where: M= Applied moment (Nm)
R=Radius of curvature
E= Young’s modulus for cantilever material (Nm-2)
3
bd
I= Second moment of area of the cantilever (m4)¿
12
2 2
C +4h
We will also use: R=
8h
Plot a graph of M/I versus 1/R for each test beam.
Material: Aluminium E value: Width, Depth, I:4.72×10-11m4
69GNm-2 b:19mm d:
3.1mm
Mass at Deflection, Applied Radius of 1/R M/I (×109)
each end(g) h(mm) moment (Nm) curvature (m)
0 0 0 0 0 0
100 0.53 0.0981 84.91 0.012 2.08
200 1.12 0.962 40.18 0.025 4.16
300 1.34 0.2943 33.58 0.030 6.24
400 1.34 0.3924 33.58 0.030 8.31
500 1.34 0.4905 33.58 0.030 10.39
Aluminium
A graph of M/I versus 1/R
12
10
8
M/I(×109)
0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035
1/R
Figure 1:Circular bending graph of Aluminium
Material: Steel E value: Width, Depth, I: 5.19×10-11m4
207GNm-2 b:19mm d:
3.2mm
Mass at Deflection, Applied Radius of 1/R M/I (×109)
each end(g) h(mm) moment (Nm) curvature (m)
0 0 0 0 0 0
100 0.17 0.0981 264.71 0.00378 1.89
200 0.36 0.962 125.00 0.008 3.78
300 0.55 0.2943 81.82 0.012 5.67
400 0.73 0.3924 61.64 0.016 7.56
500 0.92 0.4905 48.91 0.020 9.45
Steel
A graph of M/I versus 1/R
12
10
8
M/I(×109)
0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025
1/R
Figure 2: Circular bending graph of Steel
Material: Brass E value: Width, Depth, I: 6.26×10-11m4
105GNm-2 b:19.1mm d:
3.4mm
Mass at Deflection, Applied Radius of 1/R M/I (×109)
each end(g) h(mm) moment (Nm) curvature (m)
0 0 0 0 0 0
100 0.38 0.0981 118.42 0.00845 1.57
200 0.78 0.962 57.69 0.017 3.13
300 1.16 0.2943 38.79 0.026 4.70
400 1.54 0.3924 29.22 0.034 6.26
500 1.93 0.4905 23.32 0.043 7.84
Brass
A graph of M/I versus 1/R
9
8
7
M/I(×109)
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.05
1/R
Figure 3: Circular bending graph of Brass
CONCLUSION
From the graphs, the circular bending of the test beams is a linear relationship. The gradient
of the graph is Young’s modulus(E).
∆M/I 2
Gradient=E= N /m
∆ 1/ R
Test Beam Young’s Modulus,
E/GN/m2
Aluminium 346.11
Steel 463.99
Brass 181.15
PRECAUTIONS
1. Readings were taken at eye level to avoid error due to parallax.
2. No physical contact was made with the system while observing readings.