AC

Armature Winding

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The armature winding is the main

current-carrying winding in which
the electromotive force or
counter-emf induced is induced
achieve rotation. The current in
the armature winding is known as
the armature current. The location
of the winding depends upon the
type of machine
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Coil
The conductor is turned for a
certain number of turns to have a
shape.

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 Turn
A turn consists of two
conductors
connected to one
end by an end
connector.

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Coil side

Coil side

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Active side
The side remaining in
side the slot

A C

Active side

B D
AB and CD are
active sides

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 Active side

Inactive side

Coil Leads
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Coil Group
If one or more than one coils are
connected togather and formed only
two poles that is North and South , when
current is passing through them , it is
called coil croup.
Coil Group = Number of pole x Phase
Total coils
Coil Per Group =
Number of pole x Phase
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 End Connection
When a coil or number
of coils are connected
with each other to form
a coil group , that N S
connection is called
end connection .

end connection

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Group Connection
Two or more than two coils groups of same
phase connected with each other is called
group connection

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Adjacent pole Connection

If all the coil groups of same phase are
connected side by side id called Adjacent
pole

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 Alternate pole Connection
If all the coil groups of same phase are
connected in such a way that there must be
at least gap of one coil group of same phase
is called Alternate pole Connection

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Phase Connection
P1 P2 P3 P4

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pole pitch
The distance between two opposite
pole.

NUMBER OF SLOTS
pole pitch =
NUMBER OF POLES

° ELECTRICAL = ° MACHENICAL X PARE OF POLE

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 N N
pole pitch

pole pitch
S S

S N

° ELECTRICAL = 180° ° ELECTRICAL = 180°

° MACHENICAL= 180° ° MACHENICAL= 90°

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COIL pitch
The distance between two active side of
the coil is called coil pitch

COIL
pitch

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pitch factor

The ratio between coil pitch to the pole

pitch

coil pitch
pitch factor =
pole pitch

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 Full pitch coil
When one side of a coil is fully under N pole
, and other side fully under S pole, that is
electrical angle deference 180°E. Other
hand if the pole pitch and coil pitch are
same, that is full pitch coil.

180° E

pitch factor = 1
N S

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Short pitch coil

When the angle displacement between
two coil side is less than 180° (180° - α )
α
less
pitch factor ˂ 1 than
180° E
N S

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Long pitch coil

When the angle displacement between two
coil side is more than 180°E (180° + α )

pitch factor ˃ 1
more than
180° E

N S

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 Whole coil winding
If the number of coil groups per phase is
equal to the number of pole

P1 P2 P3 P4

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COIL GROUPS PER PHASE = NUMBER OF POLE

TOTAL COIL GROUPS

NUMBER OF POLE =
PHASE

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Half coil winding

If the number of coil groups per phase is
half than the number of pole .
NUMBER OF POLE
COIL GROUPS PER PHASE =
2

Example P1 P2 P3 P4

No of pole =4
So,
coil groups =4/2 =2

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 Balanced winding
When number of coil in each coil groups
are same or integer number ( not a
fraction number )
Example –

24 coil, 4 pole , 3 phase

Total coil group = pole x phase
= 4 x 3 = 12
Coil per group = 24/ ( 4 x 3 ) = 2
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unbalanced winding
When number of coil in each coil groups
are not an integer number ( is a fraction
number )

Example –

18 coil, 4 pole , 3 phase

Total coil group = pole x phase
= 4 x 3 = 12
Coil per group = 18 / ( 4 x 3 ) = 1.5
1.5 is not an integer number
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Single layer winding

If there is only one side of coil placed in
one slot.
Example –
24 slot , 12 coil
12 coil = 12 x 2
= 24 coil side

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 Double layer winding
If two sides of two deferent coil placed in
one slot.

Example –
24 slot , 24 coil
24 coil = 24 x 2
= 48 coil side

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Distributed winding
When number of coil per phase per pole is
more than one. In this winding every coil
group has two or more coil.
Example –
12 slot , 24 coil
4 pole , 3 phase
coil / pole / phase =
24 / (4 x3 )
= 24 / 12
=2
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Concentrated winding
When number of coil per phase per pole is
one. In this winding every coil group has
only one coil.

Example –
12 slot , 12 coil
4 pole , 3 phase
coil / pole / phase =
12 / (4 x3 )
= 12 / 12
=1
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 Rules related to 3 phase
ac stator winding

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Rule-1 No of total coils

No of coil per pole = No of pole

Rule-2
No of coil group = No of pole x No of phase

Rule-3
No of total coils
No of coil per group =
No of coil group

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Rule- 4
No of pole pairs x 360°
Degree per slot =
No of slots

Rule- 5
No of slots in phase displacement=
120°
Degree per slot

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 Example –1
Determine the data and draw the winding
diagram for single layer winding of 3 phase
400 v0lt AC motor having 4 pole 24 slots

Answer -

Given data-
No of phase – 3
No of pole -4
No of slot - 24
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The winding is single layer winding , so no

of coil is half of the slot

No of coil = 24 / 2 = 12

No of pole pitch = no of slot / no of pole

= 24 / 4 = 6

For full pitch coil

Coil pitch = pole pitch
So , coil pitch = 6

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Coil through = 6

Coil group = pole x phase

= 4 x 3 = 12

Coil per group = number of coils / coil group

= 12 / 12 = 1

1 is a integer number , so the winding is

balanced winding

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 No of pole pairs x 360°
Degree per slot =
No of slots

2 x 360°
= = 30°
24

Number of slot per phase displacement

120°
= = 4
30°
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Coil leads

A phase = 1

B phase = 1 + 4 = 5

C phase = 5 + 4 = 9

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Winding table
A phase B phase C phase
1 - 6 5 - 10 9 - 14
7 - 12 11 - 16 15 - 20
13 - 18 17 - 22 21 - 2
19 - 24 23 - 4 3 - 8

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 1 6 7 12 13 18 19 24

5 10 11 16 17 22 23 4

9 14 15 20 21 2 3 8

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Winding table
coil pole1 pole2 pole3 pole4

A COIL 1 - 6 7 - 12 13 - 18 19 -24

B COIL 5 -10 11 -16 17 - 22 24 - 4

C COIL 3 - 8 9 - 14 15 - 20 21 - 2

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1 6 7 12 13 18 19 24

5 10 11 16 17 22 23 4

3 8 9 14 15 20 21 2

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 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4

PRA DIP KUMA R MONDA L

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4

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