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Structural Design Report

The document provides structural design calculations for a proposed commercial office building in Nairobi, Kenya, following BS 8110: Part 1: 1997 standards. It includes detailed designs for slabs, beams, columns, foundations, and stairs, specifying loads, moments, effective depths, required and provided areas of steel reinforcement. All structural elements have been checked and confirmed to meet the necessary requirements for safety and stability.

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jeremiahmwaniki69
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2 views4 pages

Structural Design Report

The document provides structural design calculations for a proposed commercial office building in Nairobi, Kenya, following BS 8110: Part 1: 1997 standards. It includes detailed designs for slabs, beams, columns, foundations, and stairs, specifying loads, moments, effective depths, required and provided areas of steel reinforcement. All structural elements have been checked and confirmed to meet the necessary requirements for safety and stability.

Uploaded by

jeremiahmwaniki69
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS REPORT

Project: Proposed Modern Commercial Office Building


Location: Land Mawe, Nairobi, Kenya
Reference Standard: BS 8110: Part 1: 1997 (Structural use of concrete)

1️⃣Slab Design
Loading
 Self-weight: 0.2 m × 25 kN/m³ = 5.0 kN/m²
 Finishes: 1.0 kN/m²
 Live load: 3.0 kN/m²
 Total service load: 9.0 kN/m²
Ultimate load
w_u = 1.4 × DL + 1.6 × LL
w_u = 1.4 × 6 + 1.6 × 3 = 12.6 kN/m²

Moment (one-way slab, span 4 m)


M_u = (w_u L²) / 8
M_u = (12.6 × 4²) / 8 = 25.2 kNm/m

Effective depth
Effective depth, d = 200 mm – 25 mm (cover) – 6 mm ≈ 169 mm
Lever arm, z = 0.95 d = 161 mm

Required area of steel


A_s = M_u / (0.95 × f_y × z)
A_s = 25.2 × 10⁶ / (0.95 × 415 × 161) ≈ 403 mm²/m

Provided steel
T12 @ 150 mm c/c
Provided A_s ≈ 754 mm²/m > required ✅

2️⃣Beam Design
Loading
 Slab load: 9.0 × 3 = 27 kN/m
 Self-weight: 0.23 × 0.6 × 25 = 3.45 kN/m
 Total service load: 30.45 kN/m
Ultimate load
w_u = 1.4 × 3.45 + 1.6 × 27 = 46.8 kN/m

Moment (span 6 m)
M_u = (w_u L²) / 8 = (46.8 × 6²) / 8 = 210.6 kNm

Effective depth
h = 600 mm, cover = 50 mm, bar dia = 20 mm
d = 600 – 50 – 10 ≈ 540 mm
Lever arm, z = 0.95 d = 513 mm

Required area of steel


A_s = M_u / (0.95 × f_y × z)
A_s = 210.6 × 10⁶ / (0.95 × 415 × 513) ≈ 898 mm²

Provided steel
4T20 bottom bars = 4 × 314 = 1,256 mm² ✅

Shear
V_u = w_u L / 2 = 46.8 × 6 / 2 = 140 kN
Concrete shear capacity ≈ 92 kN ⇒ Provide shear links.
Provide T10 @ 200 mm c/c.

3️⃣Column Design
Load
Pu ≈ 1,500 kN

Column size
300 × 300 mm ⇒ A_c = 90,000 mm²

Concrete capacity
0.4 fcu A_c = 0.4 × 25 × 90,000 / 1,000 = 900 kN

Steel capacity
1,500 – 900 = 600 kN
Required area of steel
A_s = 600 × 10³ / (0.95 × 415) ≈ 1,530 mm²

Provided steel
8T20 = 8 × 314 = 2,512 mm² ✅
Links: T10 @ 150 mm c/c.

4️⃣Foundation Design
Load
Pu = 1,500 kN

Base area
A = 1,500 / 150 = 10 m² ⇒ 3.2 × 3.2 m pad

Bending moment
M = (q L²) / 8 = (150 × 3.2²) / 8 = 192 kNm

Effective depth
d = 600 – 75 = 525 mm
Lever arm, z = 0.95 × d = 499 mm

Required area of steel


A_s = 192 × 10⁶ / (0.95 × 415 × 499) ≈ 987 mm²

Provided steel
T20 @ 150 mm each way ≈ 1,257 mm² ✅

5️⃣Stair Design
Loading
 Self-weight: 4 kN/m²
 Finishes: 1 kN/m²
 Live load: 4 kN/m²
 Total service load: 9 kN/m²
Ultimate load
1.4 × 5 + 1.6 × 4 = 12.6 kN/m²

Moment (approx. 4 m horizontal span)


M_u = (w_u L²) / 8 = (12.6 × 4²) / 8 = 25.2 kNm

Effective depth
d ≈ 180 – 20 = 160 mm
Lever arm, z = 0.95 × d = 152 mm

Required area of steel


A_s = 25.2 × 10⁶ / (0.95 × 415 × 152) ≈ 433 mm²

Provided steel
T12 @ 150 mm ≈ 754 mm² ✅

Summary of Reinforcement Details


Element Main Bars Distribution Bars Links/Stirrups
Slab T12 @ 150 mm T12 @ 200 mm —
Beam 4T20 bottom 2T16 top T10 @ 200 mm
Column 8T20 vertical — T10 @ 150 mm
Footing T20 @ 150 mm — —
each way
Stairs T12 @ 150 mm — —

References
 BS 8110: Part 1: 1997 — Structural use of concrete.

Prepared by: Structural Engineer


Date: July 2025

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