Chapter:3(HTML Basic)

Key Differences
Feature <font> <basefont>

Q. Difference between font tag and basefont tag in html

Scope Specific text only Whole document default
In HTML, both <font> and <basefont> were used to control text appearance,
Closing tag Required (</font>) No closing tag
but they worked differently. Both are now deprecated in modern HTML, and
CSS should be used instead.
Usage Inline formatting Page-wide default formatting

<font> tag Effect Local Global

The <font> tag changes the appearance of specific text.

Example Q. what is comment in html

<font size="5" color="red" face="Arial">
Hello World An HTML comment is text in the code that the browser ignores and does not
</font> display on the webpage. Comments are used to explain code, leave notes, or
temporarily disable parts of HTML.
Purpose
Syntax
It applies formatting only to the text inside the tag.
<!-- This is an HTML comment -->
Common attributes

 size → text size

Uses of Comments
 color → text color
 face → font family  Explain code for developers
 Make code easier to understand
 Temporarily hide HTML elements
<basefont> tag  Add reminders or notes

The <basefont> tag sets the default font style for the entire page. Important Points
Example  Comments begin with <!--
 Comments end with -->
<basefont size="4" color="blue" face="Verdana">  Browsers do not show comments on the webpage
  Comments can span multiple lines Value Output Style

Type of list and and their attributes in html 1 1, 2, 3

HTML provides three main types of lists. A A, B, C

a a, b, c

1. Ordered List (<ol>) I I, II, III

Used when items need numbering or sequence. i i, ii, iii

Example Example
<ol> <ol type="A" start="3">
<li>HTML</li> <li>Apple</li>
<li>CSS</li> <li>Mango</li>
<li>JavaScript</li> </ol>
</ol>

Attributes of <ol>
Attribute Description Example
2. Unordered List (<ul>)
type Changes numbering style type="A" Used for bullet lists.

start Starts list from a specific number start="5"

Example
<ul>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>

Attribute of <ul>
Values of type
Attribute Description
Value Output Style
Attribute Description Example
type Changes bullet style <dl>
<dt>HTML</dt>
<dd>HyperText Markup Language</dd>

<dt>CSS</dt>
Values of type <dd>Style sheet language</dd>
</dl>
Value Bullet Style

disc ● (default)

circle ○ Summary Table

square ■ List Type Tag Purpose

Ordered List <ol> Numbered items

Example
Unordered List <ul> Bulleted items
<ul type="square">
<li>Pen</li>
<li>Pencil</li> Description List <dl> Terms and definitions
</ul>

3. Description List (<dl>)

subscript and superscript in html
Used for terms and descriptions.
In HTML, subscript and superscript are used to display text slightly below or
above the normal line of text.
Tags Used
 <dl> → Description list 1. Subscript in HTML (<sub>)
 <dt> → Description term
 <dd> → Description definition
The <sub> tag displays text below the normal line.

H₂O
Output
H₂O
Difference Between <sub> and <sup>
Feature <sub> <sup>
Uses
Position Below normal text Above normal text
 Chemical formulas
 Mathematical expressions Meaning Subscript Superscript
 Footnotes
Example H₂O x²

2. Superscript in HTML (<sup>)

The <sup> tag displays text above the normal line. What is physical and logical text in html

In HTML, text formatting tags are divided into two types:

Example
x²

1. Physical Text Tags

Output
Physical tags define how the text looks (appearance).
x²
These tags directly change the style of text.
Uses
Examples of Physical Tags
 Powers and exponents
Tag Meaning Example Output
 Ordinal numbers
 Mathematical formulas
<b> Bold text Bold

<i> Italic text Italic

<u> Underlined text Underlined

Tag Meaning Example Output
Difference Between Physical and
<tt> Typewriter text Monospace text
Logical Text
Physical Text Logical Text
Example
<b>Bold Text</b><br> Focuses on appearance Focuses on meaning
<i>Italic Text</i><br>
<u>Underline Text</u>
Defines style directly Defines purpose/importance

Example: <b>, <i> Example: <strong>, <em>

2. Logical Text Tags
Less semantic More semantic

Logical tags describe the meaning or importance of the text rather than
appearance.
A homepage is the main or starting page of a website, while a webpage is any
Browsers usually style them automatically.
single page on the internet.

Examples of Logical Tags Simple Difference

Tag Meaning Homepage Webpage

<strong> Important text The first/main page of a website Any page on a website

<em> Emphasized text Acts like the website’s entrance Contains specific information

<cite> Citation/title May be an article, contact page,

Usually has navigation links to other pages
product page, etc.
<code> Computer code

<kbd> Keyboard input

<var> Variable name

 Homepage Webpage

Example

Think of a website as a book:

 Homepage = the cover and table of

contents
 Webpages = the individual
pages/chapters

For example, on Amazon:

 The first page you see is the homepage

 A product page, cart page, or help page
is a webpage

So:

 Every homepage is a webpage.

 But not every webpage is a homepage.