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Cybersecurity Overview

Cybersecurity involves defending data, systems, and people from unauthorized access and threats, focusing on the CIA triad: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Common threats include malware, phishing, and ransomware, with breaches often starting from human error. Best practices for individuals and organizations include using strong passwords, enabling multi-factor authentication, and maintaining incident response plans.

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2 views9 pages

Cybersecurity Overview

Cybersecurity involves defending data, systems, and people from unauthorized access and threats, focusing on the CIA triad: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Common threats include malware, phishing, and ransomware, with breaches often starting from human error. Best practices for individuals and organizations include using strong passwords, enabling multi-factor authentication, and maintaining incident response plans.

Uploaded by

subahan.m2326
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CYBERSECURITY

Protecting Data, Systems, and People in a Connected World

An Introduction to Core Concepts and Best Practices


What Is Cybersecurity?
The practice of defending computers, servers, networks, and data
from unauthorized access, disruption, or damage. The CIA Triad
C

Confidentiality
Only authorized people can access information.

Integrity
Data stays accurate and unaltered.
I A
Availability
Systems and data are accessible when needed.
Common Threat Types

Malware Phishing Ransomware


Malicious software designed to damage or gain Deceptive messages tricking people into Encrypts files and demands payment for their
unauthorized access to systems. revealing credentials or data. release.

Denial of Service Insider Threats Social Engineering


Floods a system with traffic to make it Harm caused intentionally or accidentally by Manipulating people rather than systems to
unavailable. trusted users. gain access.
Why It Matters

94% 43% 200+


of malware is delivered by email of breaches involve small businesses days average to identify a breach

Figures are illustrative industry estimates for discussion purposes.


Anatomy of a Cyber Attack

1 2 3 4 5

Recon Initial Access Escalation Lateral Movement Exfiltration

Attacks typically move through stages — from surveillance to data theft. Detecting an attack early in this chain limits the damage.
Everyday Best Practices
Use Strong, Unique Passwords
1
A password manager makes this painless across every account. Quick Self-Check

Enable Multi-Factor Authentication Unique password per account?


2
Adds a second layer beyond just a password.
MFA turned on?

Keep Software Updated


3 OS and apps up to date?
Patches close known security gaps attackers rely on.

Backups tested recently?


Think Before You Click
4
Verify senders and links before opening attachments. Suspicious of unexpected links?

Back Up Important Data


5
Regular backups limit damage from ransomware or failure.
Shared Responsibility

Individuals Organizations

• Practice safe browsing habits • Build layered technical defenses

• Report suspicious activity • Train employees regularly

• Protect personal devices • Maintain incident response plans

• Stay alert to phishing attempts • Monitor systems continuously


If a Breach Happens
Identify Confirm what happened and how far it spread.
1

Contain Isolate affected systems to stop the spread.


2

Eradicate Remove the cause — malware, access, or vulnerability.


3

Recover Restore systems and data from clean backups.


4

Review Document lessons learned to prevent repeats.


5
Key Takeaways

Cybersecurity protects confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Most breaches start with people, not just technology.

Good habits and layered defenses reduce risk significantly.

Preparation determines how well an incident is handled.

Thank you

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