🕒 Present Simple
Usage
The Present Simple is used to describe:
1. Facts → things that are always true
Water boils at 100°C.
2. Habits and regular actions → things that happen regularly
I get up at 7 o’clock every day.
3. Permanent situations → things that last for a long time
She lives in London.
4. Timetables, schedules, and fixed plans → events according to a schedule (even
future!)
The bus arrives at 7 o’clock.
My favorite film starts at 5 o’clock.
The train leaves at 9:30.
🔹 Form
1. Affirmative sentences
Subject Verb
I live
You live
He lives
She lives
It lives
We live
They live
IMPORTANT
We add -s / -es only with he / she / it.
Adding -s / -es
Type of verb Rule Example
play → plays, work →
Most verbs add -s
works
Verbs ending in -o add -es go → goes, do → does
Hard to pronounce endings (-ch, -sh, -ss, - watch → watches, kiss →
add -es
x, -zz) kisses
Consonant + y y → ies try → tries, study → studies
Vowel + y +s play → plays
have special form has
special
to be is
forms
2. Negative sentences
Subject Form
I/You/We/They do not (don’t) live
He/She/It does not (doesn’t) live
IMPORTANT
After do/does, the verb is always in the base form.
❌ He doesn’t lives
✅ He doesn’t live
3. Questions (Interrogative)
Form
Do I live?
Do you live?
Does he live?
Does she live?
Does it live?
Do we live?
Do they live?
Form
IMPORTANT
After do/does, use the base form.
❌ Does he lives?
✅ Does he live?
🕒 Short Answers in Present Simple
1. With the verb "to be" (am / is / are)
If the question uses am / is / are, repeat only this verb.
Structure:
Yes, + am / is / are
No, + am / is / are + not
Examples:
Are you a student? → Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
Is she your sister? → Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Are they at school? → Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
2. With other verbs
If the question uses do/does + verb, use only do/does in the answer.
Structure:
Yes, + do/does
No, + do/does + not
Examples:
Do you like apples? → Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does he play tennis? → Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
MAIN RULE
A short answer is a “mirror” of the question.
We repeat:
✔ subject
✔ auxiliary verb
Nothing else.
Example:
Does Tom play football?
Subject → he
Auxiliary → does
✅ Yes, he does.
✅ No, he doesn’t.
❌ Yes, he did.
❌ No, he hasn’t.
❌ Yes, he plays.
🕓 Time markers for Present Simple
Expression Example
always She always drinks coffee.
usually I usually go to school by bus.
often We often play football.
sometimes He sometimes watches TV.
rarely / seldom She rarely eats sweets.
never I never drink cola.
every day/week/month/year We walk every day.
on Mondays / on weekends He works on Mondays.
in the morning/afternoon/evening I read in the evening.
at 7 o’clock / at noon The bus arrives at 7 o’clock.