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2Complex Power

The document discusses complex power in electrical systems, defining it as the product of voltage and the complex conjugate of current. It introduces key concepts such as apparent power, average power, reactive power, and power factor, along with their respective measurements. Additionally, it provides an example calculation for complex power, average power, and reactive power absorbed by a load.

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1 views6 pages

2Complex Power

The document discusses complex power in electrical systems, defining it as the product of voltage and the complex conjugate of current. It introduces key concepts such as apparent power, average power, reactive power, and power factor, along with their respective measurements. Additionally, it provides an example calculation for complex power, average power, and reactive power absorbed by a load.

Uploaded by

electronicsresources21
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Complex Power

• Complex Power
• Power Factor Correction

Dr. LDRD Perera, Wayamba University SL 1


Complex Power
𝐈 = 𝐼∠𝜃𝑖
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝐕 = 𝑉𝑒 𝑗𝜃𝑉 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐈 = 𝐼𝑒 𝑗𝜃𝑖
𝐕 = 𝑉∠𝜃𝑉 Z

1 1
𝑇𝑕𝑒𝑛 𝐕 = 𝑉𝑒 𝑗𝜃𝑉 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐈 = 𝐼𝑒 𝑗𝜃𝑖
2 2

The Complex Power absorbed by the impedance, 𝐒 = 𝐕 × 𝐈 ∗

where 𝐈 ∗ is the Complex Conjugate of 𝐈.

(𝐼𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑕𝑒𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐒 = 𝐕𝑒𝑓𝑓 × 𝐈 ∗ .𝑒𝑓𝑓 )


Dr. LDRD Perera, Wayamba University SL 2
1 1
𝐕 × 𝐈∗ = 𝑉𝑒 𝑗𝜃𝑉 × 𝐼𝑒 −𝑗𝜃𝑖
2 2

1
𝐒 = 𝑉𝐼𝑒 𝑗(𝜃𝑣−𝜃𝑖 )
2

1
𝐒 = 𝑉𝐼 𝑒 𝑗𝜙 ; 𝜙 = 𝜃𝑣 − 𝜃𝑖
2
1 1
𝐒 = 𝑉𝐼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜙 + 𝑗 𝑉𝐼 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜙
2 2

𝐒=𝑃+𝑗𝑄

Dr. LDRD Perera, Wayamba University SL 3


Complex Power: 𝐒 = 𝐕 𝐈 ∗ = 𝑃 + 𝑗 𝑄
Measured in Volt-Amps (VA)

Apparent Power: 𝐒 = |𝐕| |𝐈 | Measured in Volt-Amps (VA)

Average Power/True Power/Active Power: P


Measured in Watts (W)

Reactive Power: Q Measured in Volt-Amps Reactive (VAR)

𝑃
Power Factor: 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜙 =
|𝐒|

Dr. LDRD Perera, Wayamba University SL 4


Power Triangle

𝑉 𝐼
S =
2 2 1
|S| Q 𝑉𝐼 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜙
(Apparent Power) 2
(Reactive Power)
𝜙 P
1
𝑉𝐼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜙 (True Power)
2

𝑃
Power Factor: 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜙 =
|𝐒|

Dr. LDRD Perera, Wayamba University SL 5


Eg.:

𝐼𝑓 𝐕 = 110 1 + 𝑗 𝑉 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐈 = 6 2 + 𝑗 𝐴 , 𝐈
𝑎 𝑊𝑕𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑥 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑑
𝑏𝑦 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝐙. Z
𝐕
𝑏 𝑊𝑕𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑?

110 6
𝑎 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑥 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐒 = 1+𝑗 . 2−𝑗
2 2

= 990 + 𝑗330 𝑉𝐴

𝑏 𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃 = 990 W


𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑄 = 330 𝑉𝐴𝑅
Dr. LDRD Perera, Wayamba University SL 6

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