UNIT 6 – EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

Linear vs. Exponential Functions (Day 1)

Complete these tables below, graph each set of points.

1. Key Components
x f(x)

0 -5
1 2

2 9

3 16

4 23

Key Components
2. x f(x)

0 1
1 2

2 4

3 8

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 Table Pattern shows __________ or _____________ by same number:

Linear This is pattern is called a ______________ ____________________

Functions
Rate of Change is _______________ between intervals

Table Pattern shows ____________ or ______________ by same number:

Exponential This is pattern is called a ______________ ____________________

Functions
Rate of Change is _______________ between intervals

3. Use the function g(x) = 2x – 3 to fill in the table below and graph.

x g(x) a) What type of function is this

and why?
-3

-2

-1 b) What is the domain?

0
c) What is the range?
1

2
d) What is the rate of change?
3

1
4. Use the function g(x) = ( )x to fill in the table below and graph.
2
a) What type of function is this
x g(x)
and why?
-3
-2
-1 b) What is the domain?
0
1 c) What is the range?
2
3
d) What is the rate of change?
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 IDENTIFYING TYPES OF FUNCTIONS (DAY 2)
Recall Types of Functions and their key components:

_______________________ functions have a common ____________________. With a ___________ rate of change

_______________________ functions have a common ____________________. With a ___________ rate of change

1. After graduation, you are offered two jobs. Cedar Grove Associates offered to start
you at $30,000 with a 6% increase per year. Maple Grove Associates offered to start
you at $40,000 with a $1200 raise per year. Compare the two jobs offered by
completing the table below. Answer the following questions?

a) Cedar Grove models what type of

Year Cedar Grove Maple Grove
function? Explain
1 $30,000 $40,000
It has a common______________ of ______
2
b) Maple Grove models what type of
3 function? Explain

5 It has a common______________ of ______

6 c) If you plan on moving to a different

state in 5 years which company would
7 be the better option for you to choose?
Explain.
8

10

11 d) If your plans change and you don’t

move, which company would be the
12 better option to choose as a long term
career? Explain
13

14

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2. Given the situations below, identify if it is a linear or exponential model or neither.
Explain your reasoning.

a. A savings account that starts with $5000 and receives a deposit of $825 per month.

b. The value of a house that starts at $150,000 and increases by 1.5% per year.

c. Tina owns 4 rabbits. She expects them to double each year.

d. The cost of operating Jelly’s Doughnuts is $1600 per week plus $.10 to make each
doughnut.

e. The value of John’s car that depreciates 20% per year

f. The height of a ball that is thrown in the air

3. Which situation could be modeled with an exponential function?

(1) the amount of money in Suzy’s piggy bank which she adds $10 to each week
(2) the amount of money in a certificate of deposit that gets 4% interest each year
(3) the amount of money in a savings account where $150 is deducted every month
(4) the amount of money in Jaclyn’s wallet which increases and decreases by a
different amount each week

4. Which statement below is true about linear functions?

(1) Linear functions grow by equal factors over equal intervals
(2) Linear functions grow by equal differences over equal intervals
(3) Linear functions grown by equal differences over unequal intervals
(4) Linear functions grow by unequal factors over equal intervals

5. Given the tables below, classify them as a linear model, exponential model, or neither.

HOURS MONEY HOURS MONEY HOURS MONEY

1 100 1 100 1 100
2 200 2 200 2 250
3 400 3 300 3 400
4 800 4 200 4 550
5 1600 5 100 5 700

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 EXPLORING EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION
GROWTH & DECAY (DAY 3)
Linear Functions Exponential Functions
General Equation Function Notation General Equation Function Notation
y  ax  b f(x)  ax  b y  ab x f(x)  ab x
(recall: variable is the exponent for an exponential function)

a= a=

b= b=

x=
Exponential Function are able to have both
a______________ or _____________ rate of
change
 Positive Rate of Change is called an
____________________ _____________

To Get b# R.O.C: _________________

 Negative Rate of Change is called an

____________________ ______________

To Get b# R.O.C: _________________

Graphs:
This is a graph of a This is a graph of an
____________ line exponential __________

__________ from left to right __________ from left to right

This is a graph of a
____________ line This is a graph of an
exponential __________

__________ from left to right

__________ from left to right

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1. Identify the following equation as either linear or exponential.

a) f(x) = 3x + 2 b) 2y = -5x + 1 c) y = 7 d) C(x) = 16, 332(1.052)x

For questions #2 – 5:
a. State whether the function is a growth or decay.
b. State the initial value.

2. c(t) = 100(.75)t 3. p(n) = 40(1.80)n 4. t(x) = 10,000(1.02)x 5. f(n) = 50(.1)n

Steps for writing and solving Functions:

 Identify the type of function (Linear: y  ax  b or Exponential: y  ab x )

 If Exponential:
o Determine a# - initial amount (start #)
o Determine b#:
 Exponential Growth: 1+rate (%)
 Exponential Decay: 1 – rate (%)

6. A tennis tournament has 128 competitors. Half of the competitors are eliminated
each round. Write a function to represent the number of competitors that will be left
after “x” rounds. Then determine how many players will be left after 5 rounds.

7. A three-bedroom house in Burbville was purchased for $190,000. If housing prices are
expected to increase by 1.8% annually in that town, write a function that models the
price of the house in 𝒕 years. Find the price of the house in 6 years.

8. Jonathan makes a weekly allowance of $25. He also makes $9.50 an hour at his job.
Write a function for the amount of money he makes each week based on the amount
of hours, h, he works. How much will he make if he works 25 hours?

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 EXPONENTIAL APPLICATION WORD PROBLEMS (DAY 4)

1. In 1995, there were 85 rabbits in Central Park. The population increased by 12% each
year. How many rabbits were in Central Park in 2005?

2. There are 500 rabbits in Lancaster on February 1st. If the amount of rabbits triples every
month, write a function that represents the number of rabbits in Lancaster after “m”
months. How many rabbits are there in Lancaster on August 1st?

3. The value of an early American coin increases in value at the rate of 6.5% annually. If
the purchase price of the coin this year is $1,950, what is the value to the nearest dollar
in 15 years?

4. In 1985, there were 285 cell phone subscribers in the small town of Centerville. The
number of subscribers increased by 75% per year after 1985. How many cell phone
subscribers were in Centerville in 1994?

5. The cost of Bob’s house in 2005 was $220,000. If his house appreciates in
value at a rate of 3.5% every year, what will the price of his house be in 2015?

6. Kelli’s mom takes a 400 mg dose of aspirin. Each hour, the amount of aspirin in a
person’s system decreases by about 29%. To the nearest tenth of a milligram, how
much aspirin is left in her system after 6 hours?

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7. Ryan bought a new computer for $2,100. The value of the computer decreases by
50% each year. After what year will the value drop below $300?

8. Malik bought a new car for $15,000. His best friend, Will, told him that the car’s value
will drop by 15% every year. What will the car’s value be after 5 years, according to
Will?

9. In the 2000-2001 school year, the average cost for one year at a four-year college
was$16, 332, which was an increase of 5.2% from the previous year. If this trend were
to continue, the equation C(x) = 16, 332(1.052)x could be used to model the cost, C(x),
of a college education x years from 2000.

a) Find C(4). What does this number represent?

b) If this trend continues, how much would parents expect to pay for their new
born baby’s first year of college? (Assume the child would enter college in
18 years.)

10. In 1993, the population of New Zealand was 3,424,000, with an average annual
growth rate of 1.3%. Suppose that this growth rate were to continue.

a) Express the population P as a function of n, the number of years after 1993.

b) Estimate New Zealand’s population in the year 2010.

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 SIMPLE INTEREST AND COMPOUND INTEREST (DAY 5)

In some cases, banks pay you money and in other cases, you have to pay the bank.
What are these cases?

In history, banks calculated interest at the end of each year on the original amount either
borrowed or invested (the principal). This type of interest was called simple interest.

Ex1. Kyra has been babysitting since 6th grade. She has saved $1000 and wants to open
an account at the bank so where she earns a simple interest rate of 10/%. If she does
not add any money to this account, How much money will Kyra have after 1 year?
After 2 years, After 5 years?

Do we already know a formula for simple interest??

Simple Interest:
 Where 𝐼(𝑡) is the interest earned/owed after 𝑡 years,
 𝑃 is the principal amount (the amount borrowed or invested)
 𝑟 is the interest rate in decimal form.

Ex 2: Raoul needs $200 to start a snow cone stand for this hot summer. He borrows the
money from a bank that charges 4% simple interest a year. How much will he owe
if he waits 1 year to pay back the loan? If he waits 2 years? or 3 years to pay back
the loan?

Ex 3. Tammy has $500 in her savings account. The bank offers a simple interest of 7.2%.
She wants to earn $300 in interest. How long does she have to leave her money in
this account?

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In the 1600s, banks realized that there was another way to compute interest and make
even more money. They called this type of interest Compound Interest.

To Compute Compound Interest: Banks calculate the interest for the first period, add it to
the total, then calculate the interest on the new total for the next period, and so on.

Ex 4. Jack has $500 to invest. The bank offers an interest rate of 6% compounded
annually. How much money will Jack have after 1 year? 2 years? 5 years? 10
years?
Year 1:

Year 2:

Year 3:

What would we have to do to figure out the balance after 5 or 10 years?

Compound Interest:
 Where A(𝑡) is the amount earned/owed after 𝑡 years,
 𝑃 is the principal amount (the amount borrowed or invested)
 𝑟 is the interest rate in decimal form.

Ex5. Sara had invested $800 in a savings account that paid 4.2% interest compounded
annually. How much money was in the account after 4 years, if he left the money
untouched?

Ex 6. If Bailey invested money 4 years ago with an annual interest rate of 3.275%
compounded annually, and it is valued at $11,260, how much money did she
initially invest?

Ex 7. If you have $200 to invest for 10 years, would you rather invest your money in a
bank that pays 7% simple interest or 5% interest compounded annually?

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