Understanding Abstract Writing
What is an abstract?
An abstract is a brief summary of a research paper, typically 100-200 (250 max) words, that provides an
overview of the entire paper.
Why do we write an abstract?
To help the reader decide whether they want to read the entire paper
To persuade the reader to read full paper
To fulfill requirement of an academic journal.
What does it include? / Components of an abstract
Background/Problem: A brief description/introduction of the problem is addressing (context of
the research).
o Example: This paper investigates… This article presents
Purpose/Objective: The aim of the study / the research question
o Example: The purpose of this study is to…., This paper investigates/seeks to… The study
explores…
Methods: The methodology or approach used to conduct the research. It may include the type
of research (qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods.) and key techniques or instruments
(survey, experiment, case study, comparative study etc.)
o Example: Using survey method…
Results: The main findings or results from the research.
o Example: The findings include…, This paper argues
Conclusion: It may include implications of the result, any significant contributions or
recommendations.
o Example: These findings suggest…
Identify the components of an abstract in the following sample and suggest a suitable title.
This study examines the effect of social media on teenagers' academic performance, focusing on how
different patterns of use may influence educational outcomes. As social media becomes an integral part
of daily life for teenagers, there has been growing concern about its potential impact on academic
achievement. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between social media use and
students' grades, study habits, and overall academic performance. Using a survey method, 200 high
school students were asked about their social media habits, including the amount of time spent on
various platforms and the impact on their study routines. The results indicate that excessive social media
use, particularly in the hours before studying or during study time, correlates with lower academic
achievement. These findings suggest that limiting social media use, especially during critical study
periods, may help improve academic performance among teenagers. Further research is needed to
explore the long-term effects and other contributing factors.
Tips for writing a title:
1. Identify key terms and include them in your title
2. Highlight scope and focus (the population studied, the problem addressed, the method used)
3. Be clear and specific (Avoid unnecessary words like “A research into…”)
4. Use a subtitle (if needed)
Write an unstructured abstract of 150 words using the information provided below. Also, suggest a
title for the research paper.
Introduction
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an increasingly important part of modern life, with applications
ranging from personal assistants like Siri and Alexa to more complex systems used in healthcare,
finance, and education. As AI technologies continue to evolve, there is growing interest in understanding
how people perceive and interact with these systems. While AI can offer convenience and efficiency, it
also raises questions about trust, privacy, and ethical decision-making. Previous research has explored
technical development and economic impact, but there is less focus on how different groups of people
experience and understand AI in everyday settings.
The purpose of this study was to examine public perceptions of artificial intelligence, particularly among
non-experts, and how these perceptions affect their willingness to use AI technologies. The study also
explored factors that influence trust in AI, such as transparency, perceived control, and past experiences
with technology.
Research Questions
This study aimed to explore the human side of AI adoption by addressing the following research
questions:
What are the general attitudes of everyday users toward artificial intelligence?
How do factors such as age, education level, and prior exposure to AI influence trust in AI
systems?
What concerns do users have about the ethical implications of AI in daily life?
Methodology
The study used a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews.
A total of 250 participants from diverse educational and occupational backgrounds completed a
questionnaire measuring their awareness, usage, and attitudes toward AI. The survey included Likert-
scale questions assessing trust, perceived usefulness, and ethical concerns. In addition, 20 participants
were selected for follow-up interviews to gain deeper insights into their personal views, experiences,
and concerns about AI in real-world contexts such as smart home devices, recommendation systems,
and healthcare apps.
Findings
The study found that while most participants were generally aware of AI and used it in some form, trust
varied widely depending on the context and user background. Younger participants and those with
higher levels of education were more likely to express trust in AI, especially when they felt they
understood how the technology worked. Common concerns included loss of control, potential job
displacement, and data privacy. Transparency and the ability to override AI decisions emerged as key
factors that increased user trust. Interviewees often expressed interest in learning more about AI,
indicating that education could play a major role in shaping future acceptance.
Discussion
These findings suggest that public trust in AI is not just a technical issue but a social and psychological
one as well. The study highlights the importance of designing AI systems that are transparent and user-
friendly, especially for individuals with limited technical backgrounds. Education and clear
communication about how AI works can help demystify the technology and build confidence among
users. Understanding people’s values and concerns is essential if AI is to be widely accepted and
ethically integrated into daily life.
Conclusion
This study underscores the importance of trust, transparency, and education in shaping public attitudes
toward artificial intelligence. As AI becomes more embedded in society, developers and policymakers
must consider how people perceive and experience these technologies. By addressing ethical concerns
and promoting digital literacy, it is possible to create AI systems that are not only effective but also
trusted and accepted by a wide range of users.