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Basic Statistics Study Notes

This document provides an overview of basic statistics, including the types of data, measures of central tendency, and variability. It explains the importance of statistics in organizing information, making comparisons, and supporting evidence-based decisions. Additionally, it includes key terms and review questions to reinforce understanding.

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4 views2 pages

Basic Statistics Study Notes

This document provides an overview of basic statistics, including the types of data, measures of central tendency, and variability. It explains the importance of statistics in organizing information, making comparisons, and supporting evidence-based decisions. Additionally, it includes key terms and review questions to reinforce understanding.

Uploaded by

macjerferson
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BASIC STATISTICS

STUDY NOTES
Senior High School Mathematics

1. Introduction to Statistics
Statistics is the study of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting
data. It is used to understand information and make decisions based on evidence.

2. Types of Data
 Qualitative Data: Describes qualities or characteristics, such as color or type of
material.
 Quantitative Data: Uses numerical values, such as age, height, and test scores.
 Discrete Data: Countable values, such as the number of students in a class.
 Continuous Data: Measurements that can take many possible values, such as
weight or time.

3. Measures of Central Tendency


Mean – The average of a set of values. Add the values and divide by the number of
values.

Median – The middle value after the data are arranged from smallest to largest.

Mode – The value that occurs most frequently.

4. Worked Example
Test scores: 72, 75, 80, 80, 83

Mean = (72 + 75 + 80 + 80 + 83) ÷ 5 = 78

Median = 80

Mode = 80

5. Measures of Variability
Range – The difference between the highest and lowest value.

Variance – A measure of how far values tend to differ from the mean.

Basic Statistics Study Notes


Standard Deviation – The square root of variance and a common measure of data
spread.

6. Why Statistics Matters


 Organizes large amounts of information.
 Allows comparisons between groups.
 Supports evidence-based decisions.
 Helps identify patterns and trends.
 Summarizes results from surveys and experiments.

7. Quick Review Questions


1. What is statistics?

2. What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

3. How is the mean calculated?

4. What does the median represent?

5. What is the mode?

6. What does the range tell us?

7. Why is standard deviation useful?

8. Key Terms
 Data – Information collected for analysis.
 Population – The complete group being studied.
 Sample – A smaller group selected from a population.
 Variable – A characteristic that can have different values.
 Frequency – The number of times a value occurs.

Basic Statistics Study Notes

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