SECURITY OFFICERS GRADE “E” NOTES

MODULE 1
1.1 PERSONAL HYGIENE
Basic Rules: Personal Cleanliness

Skin : Bath regularly

The head : Cut your hair short and wash it regularly
Hands : Wash hands regularly
Nails : Keep nails short and clean
Care of Feet : Wash and dry well between toes
Teeth : Brush well using a good toothbrush and toothpaste
Care of Food : Absolute cleanliness is essential
Clothing : Wash and iron your clothes – wear clean clothes
Exercise : it is healthy
Sleep : An adult should sleep at least 8 hours everyday
Mind and habits : A clean mind is needed when working
Fresh Air : Always ensure good ventilation
Spiting : it is a filthy habit and can spread disease e.g. TB and typhoid
Smoking : It is an unhealthy habit and can cause disease
Rest : Rest should follow after continuous work or exercise

1.2 COMMENT ON PERSONAL HGYGIENE

Personal hygiene is very important at work force because it prevents the spread of disease,
maintains health and physical fitness of the individuals. In addition, good general appearances
enhance the image of the work force.

In-order to accomplish good health and achieve its benefits, we need to practice the above basic
health care rules. Rules like: bath at least once a day, is an absolute must.

MODULE 2

2.1 BASIC OCCUPATION SAFETY

Symbolic safety signs are universally accepting its benefits, pictograms that informs that a person of
dangerous situation that might exist.

2.2 PARTS OF SAFETY SIGN

a) Shape

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 b) Color
c) Picture

2.3 CATEGORIES OF SAFETY SIGNS

a) General information
b) Fire information
c) Warning
d) Prohibiting
e) Mandatory

General information Square White Green White General information

Fire information Square Red White Red Information fire

Warning Triangle Black Red Black Warning

Prohibitory Circle Red Black Black Don’t

Mandatory Circle - blue White Do

2.4 DANGERS OF SMOKING IN A NON-SMOKING AREA

❖ Fire
❖ Explosion
❖ Contamination of materials e.g. Paper, clothes

MODULE 3
3.1 PUBLIC REALTIONS
It is how we protect ourselves and our company to the public

3.2 AIM OF PUBLIC RELATIONS

To maintain of foster a positive public image

3.3 FAVORABLE IMPRESSION

(Good public relation)

❖ Smartly dressed
❖ Professional attitude
❖ Communicate effectively
❖ Show concern
❖ Demonstrate good manners

3.4 POOR PUBLIC RELATIONS (BAD IMPRESSIONS)

❖ Poor attitude
❖ Crude speech
❖ Incompetence
❖ Rumor spreading
❖ Disinterest
❖ Impoliteness
❖ Exploitation of people
❖ Abuse pf authority
❖ Poor communication

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 MODULE 4

4.1 SECURITY

It is the situation that as a result of the establishment of measures for the protection of information,
personnel and property against hostile persons.

4.2 CATEGORIES OF SECURITY

a) Security of information
b) Security of property
c) Security of personnel

4.3 THE AIM OF SECURITY

a) Sabotage (deliberately destroy) does not take place

b) Terrorist action does not succeed
c) No classified information falls into wrong hands
d) Enemy efforts do not succeed e.g. propaganda
e) Prevent enemy action from breaking through the security system
f) Facilitate investigation through the S.A.P.S
g) Make all concerned security conscious

4.4 PRINCIPLE OF SECURITY

Security principle must:

a) Embrace all who have access to classified information.

b) Detect persons who endanger classifies information
c) Prevent access of classified information to the unauthorized persons.
d) Classified information should made know to those who really “need to know”

MODULE 5

5.1 BOMBS, EXPLOISIVE, DEVICES AND FIREARMS.

The golden rule is to recognize any suspicious object does not fit into the surrounding.

5.2 MAIN TYPES OF BOMBS

❖ Military bombs
❖ Homemade bombs

5.3 MILITARY BOMBS (EXAMPLE)

❖ Limpet mines
❖ Land mines
❖ Mortar bomb
❖ Anti- personnel mines

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 ❖ Hand grenades

5.4 HOMEMADE BOMBS (EXAMPLES)

❖ Molotov cocktail (petrol bombs)

❖ Letter bombs
❖ Briefcase, parcel

5.5 BOMB TARGETS

❖ Essential service e.g. Electricity, water
❖ Officialdom e.g. Courts, Police Stations
❖ Popular areas and centers e.g. Shopping centers, sport complex
❖ Transport links e.g. Buses, Trains
❖ Communication e.g. TV and radio stations
❖ Fuel and industrial installation e.g. Factories, filing stations

5.6 ACTION DRILL UPON DISCOVERY OF A BOMB

❖ Remain calm (Don’t panic)

❖ Notify control room
❖ Mark location of the bomb
❖ Evacuate area
❖ Safeguard the immediate area
❖ Do not touch or handle the bomb
❖ Do not use your radio
❖ Further action by professionals

5.7 IMMEDIATE ACTION DRILL AFTER BOMB EXPLOSION

❖ Notify control room ASAP

❖ Cordon the area
❖ Assist the injured
❖ Keep away bystanders
❖ Do not touch or handle anything
❖ Evacuate area

5.8 COMMON FIRE ARMS

❖ AK 47 (Combat rifle)
❖ Scorpion (Sub machine gun)
❖ Makaroz (Pistol)
❖ Tomato (Pistol)
❖ AKM (Combat rifle)

MODULE 6
6.1 OBSERVATIONS
Definition
Is to have clear look and able to recall afterwards.

6.2 TYPE OF OBSERVATIONS

❖ Incidental observations

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 ❖ Positive observation

6.3 AIMS OF OBSERVATION IMPORTANCE

❖ To supply a true account which enable a court to come to a logical conclusion
❖ To ensure that clues are not overlooked or lost
❖ To be able to describe people, objects and scenes of crime.

6.4 SENSE OFOBSERVATION

❖ Sight
❖ Hearing
❖ Touch (feeling)
Note: Smell and taste are not included because they are very unreliable
6.5 OBSTACLES WHICH HAMPER OBSERVATION
❖ Fear ❖ Political beliefs
❖ Aggression ❖ Personal experience
❖ Occupation ❖ Self-protection
❖ Religion ❖ Nervous tension
❖ Ethnic relations ❖ Suggestion

6.6 OBSERVATIONAL PATTERNS IN PEOPLE

❖ Built ❖ Height
❖ Race ❖ Hair
❖ Sex ❖ Clothes
❖ Age ❖ Complexion

6.7 OBSERVATIONAL PATTERNS IN VEHICLES

❖ Colour
❖ Make
❖ Model
❖ Registration
❖ Year of manufacture
❖ Description

Example
● He is fat black man who is approximately 35 years old and 1.8 metres tall.
He is light in complexion and has a baldhead wearing an oversized blue overall.
● A grey metallic Mazda 626 1998 model registration no. TBK 515 t with a spoiler and
pinwheels.

MODULE 7
7.1 GUARDING AND PATROLLING

The threats (security Risk)

❖ Trespass
❖ Theft
❖ Breaking and entering
❖ Arson
❖ Armed robbery
❖ Sabotage
❖ Terrorist attack

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The hand / takeover procedure
❖ Handling over any equipment specifically location for that post, i.e. Radio, torches, firearms
and ammunition.
❖ The outgoing guard to brief the incoming guard on an ongoing problem relating to the post.
❖ Doors
❖ Widows
❖ Gates
❖ Fences
❖ Security lights
❖ Alarm system
❖ Burglar bars and safety doors
❖ Strong rooms

7.2 TYPES OF PATROL

❖ Perimeter patrol
❖ Area patrol
❖ External building patrol
❖ Internal building patrol

7.3 SECURITY RISKS CHECKING DURING PATROL

❖ Possible hiding places for criminals

❖ Lights on
❖ Doors open
❖ Gates open
❖ Expensive equipment and material left outside

MODULE 8
CORRECT USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

8.1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Check extinguisher before using it for sabotage e.g.

❖ Loose or unscrewed top

❖ Extinguisher medium replaced with petrol or thinners
Always test a fire extinguisher before using it. Kneel next to it with face turned away

8.2 CORRECT USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

(Do’s and don’ts in firefighting)
❖ Ensure that back-up assistance is available
❖ Ensure that an escape route is available
❖ Following instructions on extinguisher label
❖ Vacate area if fire becomes too big or begins to label
❖ Apply extinguisher medium to the base of the flames with rapid side to side
❖ Approach outdoor fire from a windward side
❖ Adopt a couching attitude to be protected against heat and smoke
❖ Keep alert for any changes in the fire pattern
❖ Isolate electrical power as soon as possible

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8.3 METHODS OF CHECKING REELS

❖ Check whether hose is not damaged

❖ Check whether reels are not bent
❖ Check the ware value suppliers

8.5 PARTS OF A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

❖ Cylinder ❖ Nozzle
❖ Gauge ❖ Trigger
❖ Clip ❖ Seal
8.6 ACTION DRILL UPON DISCOVERY OF FIRE
❖ Sound an alarm
❖ Report the fire by radio
❖ Attempt to extinguish the fire
❖ Render first aid to injured person
❖ Assist the evacuation of personnel
❖ Control the area from a security aspect
❖ Shut off electrical power, machines, act

MODULE 9
9.1 BASIC LEGAL ASPECTS
Types of law
a) Common law
b) Statutory law
CRIME
Crime is human conduct which is punishable by the state.
Schedule to the Act (1 Schedule)
a) Murder i) Indecent assault
b) Rape j) Bestiality
c) Kidnapping k) Forgery
d) Sodomy l) Treason
e) Robbery m) Drug dealing
f) Arson n) Smuggling stores egg Diamond,
g) Theft Gold,etc
h) Fraud o) Culpable homicide

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9.2 S.O. B DISQUALIFICATION

❖ Under 18 years’ old

❖ Found guilty of an offence
❖ Found guilty of improper conduct
❖ Found to be unsound mind

9.3 S.O. B WITHDRAWAL

❖ Found guilty of an offense
❖ Found guilty of improper conduct
❖ Found to be unsound mind
❖ Failure to pay annual fee of R 95.76c

Security officer’ Act 92 of 1987

Section 10 (2)
Prohibition on rendering security services
No person shall render security unless he is registered by private security industry regulatory
authority.

9.4 POWER OF ARREST

Any person may warrant arrest the person who:
Engaged in an affray
Escaping from a scene of crime (seeing you running away and believing that you might be involved)
Commit or attempt to commit crime
Acting in an authority
9.5 METHODS OF ARREST
❖ Inform the person of the arrest
❖ Inform the reason of the arrest
❖ Request him to submits himself to custody
❖ If he submits himself, the arrest is complete
❖ If not, touch his body (use of force)

SECTION 50

PROCEDURE AFTER ARREST

Person arrest shall be brought to police station as soon as possible

9.6 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

Definition
It is the interdependent, tripartite relationship between the state, employer and employee

Disciplinary Code

System designed to promote orderly conduct involving the creation of an attitude organizational
climate where employees willingly confirm to establish rules and regulations because they
understand, believe in and support them.

Objective of a disciplinary procedure is:

To bring an employee back to an acceptable level of performance and behavior thereof not to
punish him or get of him.

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9.7 GRIEVANCE

Any dissatisfaction or feeling of justice an employee may have in connection with his employment
situation that is brought to the attention of the management.

Function of grievances procedures

The procedure is to handle all grievances as quickly as possible at the lowest level.

Rights of Employees
❖ Right to work
❖ Right to fair remuneration and conditions of service
❖ Right to organize and belong to an employee organization
❖ Right negotiate, bargain and withhold labour
❖ Right to security in terms of the unemployment act
❖ Right to job security

RADIO AND TELEPHONE COMMUNICATION

Principles of Radio Procedure

a) BASS b) RSVP
B = Brief R = Rhythm
A = Accurate S = Speed
S = Security V = Volume
S = Speed P = Pitch

Common words and phrases

Word phrases Meaning

Call sign Call sign of station as registered and reflected

on the radio license

Abbreviation call Unofficial domestic call signs arranged by

individuals mines

Over Expecting an answer

Out No answer expected

Roger I have received and understood your message.

Everything is according to plan

Strep Situation report

Mayday Emergency call

Say again Repeat your message

I say again I am repeating my message

Relay to Pass my message to………………

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Care for radio (Do’s and Don’ts)
❖ Do not use abusive language over the hair
❖ Do not play music in the background
❖ Treat radio as technical equipment
❖ Keep radio room secure
❖ Use radio for official messages only

❖ PRINCIPLES OF TELEPHONE PROCEDURE

Discipline, voice procedure, Transmission, Speed & Accuracy, Tack, Patience, Courtesy,
Confidence

PHONETIC ALPHABETS
A - ALPHA J – JULIET INDIA S – SIERRA

B - BRAVO K – KILO T – TANGO

C - CHARLIE L – LIMA U – UNIFORM

D – DELTA M – MIKE V – VICTOR

E – ECHO N - NOVEMBER W – WHISKEY

F – FOXTORT O – OSCAR X – XRAY

G – GOLF P – PAPA Y – YANKEE

H - HOTEL Q - QUEBEC Z - ZULU

I – INDIA R – ROMEO